Manjaro - User contributions [en]

Swap/en

2026-04-03T06:34:07Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages />
<br />
__TOC__

=Overview=

Swap space is used to extend the amount of memory(RAM) available for running programs.
* Without swap space, if you run out of memory, applications ''will'' be terminated up to and including the entire system crashing.
* With swap space available to the system, the kernel can take less frequently accessed memory pages from inactive applications / services and write them to disk ("swapping" them), allowing more actual RAM to be available for active applications.

There are three different ways in which swap can be managed in Manjaro:
* A swap partition
* A swap file
* zswap

This article tries to be as comprehensive as possible but even more information can be found in the [[Swap#See_Also|articles linked below]]
=Do I Need Swap=

That is a question that cannot be answered without having a look at your configuration and even with plenty of available memory, it is often used as a safety net or even sometimes due to specific application requirements so have a look at the following non-exhaustive list:
* If you use hibernation: ''yes, you need swap!''
* If you have services that are not always active, but are still running all the time: ''yes, you need swap!''
* If you have an application that allocates virtual memory directly for temporary storage instead of RAM: ''yes, you need swap!''
* If you have an application that has a memory leak: ''yes, you need swap!''
* If you have a server with 1TB of RAM that you're using as a desktop without applications allocating virtual memory or having memory leaks: ''No, you don't need swap!''
=How Much Swap do I Need=

The amount of swap you need is highly variable based on ''your'' specific applications and workload. There is no universal formula on swap size without monitoring usage over a period of time. A reasonable place to start would be:
* For less than 4GB of physical memory (RAM), it's highly recommended that the swap space should, as a base minimum, be equal to the amount of RAM. Also, it's recommended that the swap space is maximum twice the amount of RAM depending upon the amount of disk space available for the system because of diminishing returns.
* For more modern systems (>4GB), your swap space should be at a minimum be ROUNDUP(SQRT(RAM)) I.E. the square root of your RAM size rounded up to the next GB. '''However, if you use hibernation''', you need a minimum of physical memory (RAM) size '''plus''' ROUNDUP(SQRT(RAM)). The maximum, is again twice the amount of RAM, again because of diminishing returns.
* The only downside to having more swap space than you will actually use, is the disk space you will be reserving for it cannot be used for application or system data.

The "diminishing returns" means that if you need more swap space than twice your RAM size, you would be better off adding more RAM as Hard Disk Drive (HDD) access is about 10³ slower than RAM access, so something that would take 1 second, suddenly takes more than 15 minutes! And on a Solid State Drive (SSD) the same operation that took 1 second in RAM will still take about 1 minute on that SSD!

Taking into account all of the above, this brings us to the following table:
(last 3 columns denote swap space)

RAM No hibernation With Hibernation Maximum
1GB 1GB 2GB 2GB
2GB 2GB 3GB 4GB
3GB 3GB 5GB 6GB
4GB 4GB 6GB 8GB

RAM No hibernation With Hibernation Maximum
5GB 2GB 7GB 10GB
6GB 2GB 8GB 12GB
8GB 3GB 11GB 16GB
12GB 3GB 15GB 24GB
16GB 4GB 20GB 32GB
24GB 5GB 29GB 48GB
32GB 6GB 38GB 64GB
64GB 8GB 72GB 128GB
128GB 11GB 139GB 256GB
256GB 16GB 272GB 512GB
512GB 23GB 535GB 1TB
1TB 32GB 1056GB 2TB
2TB 46GB 2094GB 4TB
4TB 64GB 4160GB 8TB
8TB 91GB 8283GB 16TB
{{note|The largest server one of the authors of this wiki article has ever installed had, indeed, 8TB of RAM and even that machine has the above swap settings, so why not your machine?}}
=Displaying Swap Information=

The command {{ic|swapon}} will display your current swap information. For example:
swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda7 partition 20G 44.3M -2

The following script will:
* show whether zswap is active or not and if active, give zswap parameters if run with the {{ic|sudo}} command
* display a list of all applications / services that take up swap and how much they take up in descending order

#!/bin/bash
#Check whether running as root
if [ "$(whoami)" = 'root' ]; then
dmesg | grep "zswap:" | grep --silent "load"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# zswap is active
echo "zswap information:"
grep --recursive --color=none . /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Press any key to continue"
else
echo "[warning] zswap not active. Continuing"
fi
else
echo "[warning] Not running as root: skipping zswap info"
fi
for szFile in /proc/*/status ; do
awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 "\t" $3}END{ print "" }' "$szFile"
done | sort --key 2 --numeric --reverse | more

=Using a Swap Partition=

A swap partition is the traditional way of managing swap. In this scenario, a dedicated partition (or partitions) are created for holding swap.
==Creating and Enabling a Swap Partition==

To create a swap partition, you need enough unallocated disk space to create an additional partition. If you do not have enough space, skip to the next section [[#Using_a_Swapfile|#Using_a_Swapfile]]. A swap partition can be created in any disk management / partition management tool and should be set as type {{ic|linuxswap}}.

Once you have a swap partition you will need to initialize the swap partition with {{ic|mkswap}}. For example, if your swap partition is {{ic|/dev/sda3}}, you could use the command:
sudo mkswap /dev/sda3

Next we need to enable the swap partition with the {{ic|swapon}} command. Following our example above this could be done with:
sudo swapon /dev/sda3

In order to ensure that the swap is enabled at boot we can add an entry to {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. It is best to use the UUID instead of the device name for this purpose. You can add the line to fstab manually or using the command:
sudo bash -c "echo UUID=$(lsblk -no UUID /dev/sda3) none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

If you would like to have more than one swap partition, simply repeat the steps above for any additional partitions.

{{note|Be sure to replace /dev/sda3 in the above commands with your actual swap partition.}}
{{tip|''If you're using a HDD'' (spinning rust) put the swap partition *at the beginning of the disk* as the speed of the disk is higher on the outside tracks. On an SSD this doesn't matter.}}

=Using a Swapfile=

Using a swap partition has one major disadvantage: Changing the size of swap or adding swap requires repartitioning the disk. In current Linux kernels, it is possible to use a swap file instead of a dedicated partition and as from kernel 2.6 onwards there is no performance difference any more between the two.

==Creating and Enabling a Static Swapfile==
{{tip|There is no reason you can't have both a swap partition and a swapfile. This is an easy way to add more swap without repartitioning.}}

First create and intialize the file to hold the swap. For example, to create a 4GB swapfile, you could use the command:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress

Set the appropriate permissions on the file. It should be readable and writable only by {{ic|root}}. This can be done with the command:

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Next we need to format and enable the swapfile:

sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile

In order to ensure that the swap is enabled at boot we can add an entry to {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. You can add the line to fstab manually or using the command:

sudo bash -c "echo /swapfile none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

==Swapfiles on BTRFS==

{{Out of date|Please see official btrfs documentaion}}

[https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Swapfile.html Official btrfs documentation on swapfile]

As of kernel 5.0 and higher, swapfiles are supported on btfrs. They still require some special handling in addition to the above steps.

Prior to running the {{ic|dd}} step above, you should run these commands:
sudo truncate -s 0 /swapfile
sudo chattr +C /swapfile
sudo btrfs property set /swapfile compression none

These commands create an empty swapfile, disable COW for that file and ensure that compression is disabled.

{{tip|To stay compatible with Timeshift, it is necessary to create the swapfile outside the root subvolume "@".
{{RootCmd|command=btrfs subvolume create /@swapfile}}
Just replace /swapfile with /@swapfile/swapfile.}}

==Swapfiles on ZFS==

zfs doesn't support swapfiles, however you can achieve a similar benefit using a zvol as a swap volume.

Detailed instructions on how to accomplish this can be found in this [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device ZoL guide].
=Tuning & Performance Considerations=

Although swap seems like a great way to expand memory, excessive swap use will cause severe performance degradation, as mentioned before.

There are couple of parameters that can be used to tune swap utilization. These are swappiness and vfs_cache_pressure. To see your current settings for these you can use the following commands:
cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure

{{ic|swappiness}} controls how likely a page is to be transferred to swap. This value represents the percentage of the free memory before activating swap. The lower the value, the less swapping is used and the more memory pages are kept in physical memory where:
* 0 disables swap
* 60 is the default value which is ideal for a server that is memory-starved and running a lot of services
* 100 is very aggressive swapping.

For ''most'' desktop computers the recommended value is 10: Theoretically, this means to only start swapping when RAM usage reaches around 90 percent.

{{ic|vfs_cache_pressure}} used to be a percentage value that controls the tendency of the kernel to ''reclaim'' the memory which is used for caching of directory and inode objects with a default value of 100 on Kernels <5.4. On Kernels >=5.4 can be increased beyond 100. Increasing this value will increase the rate in which these objects are removed from the RAM cache. Decreasing it will allow these objects to be cached in memory longer, consuming additional RAM over time. Depending on your specific workload, increasing or decreasing this value too far can have significant negative impacts on system performance. Experimentation is needed to find the appropriate balance and the default value is reasonable. In general, it is more common to optimize swappiness before experimenting with vfs_cache_pressure.

To set these values you can use the command {{ic|sysctl}}. For example, to set the swappiness value to 10 you could use:
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

'''There is no preset defined answer on the optimal values for these parameters.''' Experimentation is needed to find the optimum configuration for your specific hardware and workload.

=See Also=
* The Arch Wiki page on [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Swap swap]
* The Arch Wiki page on [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Zswap zswap]
* The Linux kernel documentation on [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/zswap.txt zswap]
* The Linux kernel documentation on [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt swappiness and vfs_cache_pressure]
* The ZFS on Linux guide on [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device Swap Volumes]

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Swap/ru

2026-04-03T06:34:07Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages />
<br />
__TOC__

=Обзор=

Пространство подкачки используется для расширения объема памяти (RAM), доступной для запуска программ.
* Без пространства подкачки, если у вас закончится память, приложения "завершатся", вплоть до краха всей системы.
* При наличии в системе пространства подкачки ядро может забирать у неактивных приложений/служб реже используемые страницы памяти и записывать их на диск ("своппинг"), позволяя активным приложениям получить больше реальной оперативной памяти.

В Manjaro существует три различных способа управления свопом:
* Раздел подкачки
* Файл подкачки
* zswap

Эта статья старается быть максимально полной, но еще больше информации можно найти в [[Swap#See_Also|articles linked below]].
=Нужна ли мне подкачка=

На этот вопрос нельзя ответить, не изучив вашу конфигурацию, и даже при большом количестве доступной памяти она часто используется для подстраховки или даже иногда из-за специфических требований приложения, поэтому ознакомьтесь со следующим неполным списком:
* Если Вы используете гибернацию: ''да - Вам нужна подкачка!''
* Если у Вас есть службы, которые не всегда активны, но все равно постоянно работают: ''да - Вам нужна подкачка!''
* Если у Вас есть приложение, которое выделяет виртуальную память непосредственно для временного хранения вместо оперативной памяти: ''да - Вам нужна подкачка!''.
* Если у Вас есть приложение, у которого есть утечка памяти: ''да - Вам нужна подкачка!''
* Если у вас есть сервер с 1 ТБ оперативной памяти, который вы используете в качестве рабочего стола без приложений, выделяющих виртуальную память или имеющих утечки памяти: ''нет - Вам не нужна подкачка!''.
=Сколько подкачки мне нужно=

Необходимый объем подкачки сильно зависит от специфики приложений и рабочей нагрузки. Без мониторинга использования в течение определенного периода времени не существует универсальной формулы для определения объема подкачки. Разумно было бы начать с этого:
* При объеме физической памяти (RAM) менее 4 ГБ настоятельно рекомендуется чтобы пространство подкачки, как минимум, было равно объему RAM. Также рекомендуется, чтобы пространство подкачки было максимум в два раза больше объема оперативной памяти, в зависимости от объема дискового пространства, доступного для системы, из-за уменьшающейся отдачи.
* Для более современных систем (>4 ГБ) пространство подкачки должно быть как минимум равно ROUNDUP(SQRT(RAM)). Т.е. квадратный корень из объема вашей оперативной памяти, округленный до следующего ГБ. Однако, если вы используете спящий режим, вам нужен минимум размер физической памяти (RAM) ''плюс'' ROUNDUP(SQRT(RAM)). Максимум, опять же, вдвое больше объема ОЗУ, опять же из-за убывающей отдачи.
* Единственным недостатком наличия большего пространства подкачки, чем вы будете реально использовать, является то, что дисковое пространство, которое вы резервируете под него, не может быть использовано для приложений или системных данных.

"Уменьшающаяся отдача" означает, что если Вам нужно под подкачку больше места чем в два раза по отношению к оперативной памяти, то лучше добавить больше оперативной памяти, так как доступ к жесткому диску (HDD) примерно на 10³ медленнее, чем к оперативной памяти, поэтому то, что заняло бы 1 секунду, может занять более 15 минут! А на твердотельном накопителе (SSD) та же операция, которая заняла бы 1 секунду в оперативной памяти, займет около 1 минуты!

Принимая во внимание все вышеперечисленное - мы получаем следующую таблицу:
(последние 3 столбца обозначают пространство подкачки)

RAM Без гибернации С гибернацией Максимум
1GB 1GB 2GB 2GB
2GB 2GB 3GB 4GB
3GB 3GB 5GB 6GB
4GB 4GB 6GB 8GB

RAM Без гибернации С гибернацией Максимум
5GB 2GB 7GB 10GB
6GB 2GB 8GB 12GB
8GB 3GB 11GB 16GB
12GB 3GB 15GB 24GB
16GB 4GB 20GB 32GB
24GB 5GB 29GB 48GB
32GB 6GB 38GB 64GB
64GB 8GB 72GB 128GB
128GB 11GB 139GB 256GB
256GB 16GB 272GB 512GB
512GB 23GB 535GB 1TB
1TB 32GB 1056GB 2TB
2TB 46GB 2094GB 4TB
4TB 64GB 4160GB 8TB
8TB 91GB 8283GB 16TB
{{note|Самый большой сервер, который когда-либо устанавливал один из авторов этой вики-статьи, действительно имел 8 ТБ оперативной памяти и даже эта машина имеет указанные выше настройки подкачки, так почему бы и вашей машине не быть такой?}}
=Отображение информации о подкачке=

Команда {{ic|swapon}} отобразит текущую информацию о подкачке. Например:
swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda7 partition 20G 44.3M -2

Следующий сценарий будет:
* показать, активен zswap или нет, и если активен, указать параметры zswap при запуске с помощью команды {{ic|sudo}}.
* отобразить список всех приложений / служб, занимающих подкачку, и их объем в порядке убывания

#!/bin/bash
#Check whether running as root
if [ "$(whoami)" = 'root' ]; then
dmesg | grep "zswap:" | grep --silent "load"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# zswap is active
echo "zswap information:"
grep --recursive --color=none . /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Press any key to continue"
else
echo "[warning] zswap not active. Continuing"
fi
else
echo "[warning] Not running as root: skipping zswap info"
fi
for szFile in /proc/*/status ; do
awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 "\t" $3}END{ print "" }' "$szFile"
done | sort --key 2 --numeric --reverse | more

=Использование раздела подкачки=

Раздел подкачки - это традиционный способ управления подкачкой. В этом сценарии для подкачки создается выделенный раздел (или разделы).
==Создание и включение раздела подкачки==

Чтобы создать раздел подкачки - необходимо достаточно нераспределенного дискового пространства для создания дополнительного раздела. Если у вас недостаточно места - перейдите к следующему разделу [[#Using_a_Swapfile|Использование_файла_подкачки]]. Раздел подкачки может быть создан в любом инструменте управления дисками / разделами и должен быть установлен как тип {{ic|linuxswap}}.

После создания раздела подкачки Вам нужно инициализировать раздел подкачки с помощью команды {{ic|mkswap}}. Например, если ваш раздел подкачки {{ic|/dev/sda3}} - Вы можете использовать команду:
sudo mkswap /dev/sda3

Далее необходимо включить раздел подкачки с помощью команды {{ic|swapon}}. Следуя нашему примеру выше это можно сделать следующим образом:
sudo swapon /dev/sda3

Чтобы гарантировать, что подкачка будет включена при загрузке, мы должны добавить запись в {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. Для этого лучше всего использовать UUID вместо имени устройства. Вы должны добавить строку в fstab вручную или с помощью команды:
sudo bash -c "echo UUID=$(lsblk -no UUID /dev/sda3) none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

Если Вы хотите иметь более одного раздела подкачки - просто повторите описанные выше шаги для всех дополнительных разделов.

{{note|Обязательно замените /dev/sda3 в приведенных выше командах на ваш реальный раздел подкачки.}}
{{tip|''Если вы используете HDD'' (вращающийся диск) - поместите раздел подкачки '''в начало диска''', поскольку скорость диска выше на внешних дорожках. На SSD это не имеет значения.}}

=Использование файла подкачки=

Использование раздела подкачки имеет один существенный недостаток: Изменение размера swap или добавление swap требует переразметки диска. В текущих ядрах Linux можно использовать файл подкачки вместо выделенного раздела и начиная с ядра 2.6 разница в производительности между ними больше не ощущается.

==Создание и включение статического файла подкачки==
{{tip|Нет причин, по которым вы не можете иметь как раздел подкачки, так и файл подкачки. Это простой способ добавить дополнительный раздел подкачки без переразметки.}}

Сначала создайте и инциализируйте файл для подкачки. Например, чтобы создать файл подкачки размером 4 ГБ необходимо использовать команду:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress

Установите соответствующие разрешения на файл. Он должен быть доступен для чтения и записи только {{ic|root}}. Это можно сделать с помощью команды:

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Далее нам нужно отформатировать и включить файл подкачки:

sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile

Чтобы гарантировать, что подкачка будет включена при загрузке - мы должны добавить запись в {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. Вам нужно добавить строку в fstab вручную или с помощью команды:

sudo bash -c "echo /swapfile none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

==Файл подкачки на BTRFS==

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Out of date|Please see official btrfs documentaion}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Swapfile.html Official btrfs documentation on swapfile]
</div>

Начиная с ядра 5.0 и выше, файлы подкачки поддерживаются на btfrs. Они все еще требуют некоторых специальных действий в дополнение к описанным выше.

Перед выполнением шага {{ic|dd}}, описанного выше, Вы должны выполнить эти команды:
sudo truncate -s 0 /swapfile
sudo chattr +C /swapfile
sudo btrfs property set /swapfile compression none

Эти команды создают пустой файл подкачки, отключают COW для этого файла и обеспечивают отключение сжатия.

{{tip|Чтобы сохранить совместимость с Timeshift, необходимо создать файл подкачки вне корневого подтома "@".
{{RootCmd|command=btrfs subvolume create /@swapfile}}
Просто замените /swapfile на /@swapfile/swapfile.}}

==Файл подкачки на ZFS==

zfs не поддерживает файлы подкачки, однако вы можете добиться аналогичного преимущества, используя zvol в качестве тома подкачки.

Подробные инструкции о том, как это сделать, можно найти в этом [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device руководстве по ZoL].
=Настройка и соображения по производительности=

Хотя подкачка кажется отличным способом расширения памяти - чрезмерное её использование приведет к серьезному снижению производительности как уже говорилось ранее.

Существует несколько параметров, которые можно использовать для настройки использования подкачки. Это swappiness и vfs_cache_pressure. Чтобы узнать текущие настройки этих параметров необходимо воспользоваться следующими командами:
cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure

{{ic|swappiness}} контролирует, насколько вероятно что страница будет передана в своп. Это значение представляет собой процент свободной памяти перед активацией подкачки. Чем меньше значение - тем меньше используется подкачка и тем больше страниц памяти хранится в физической памяти:
* 0 отключает подкачку
* 60 - это значение по умолчанию, идеально подходящее для сервера, испытывающего недостаток памяти и запускающего много служб.
* 100 - это очень агрессивная подкачка.

Для ''большинства'' настольных компьютеров рекомендуемое значение составляет 10: Теоретически это означает, что подкачка начинается только тогда, когда использование оперативной памяти достигает примерно 90 процентов.

{{ic|vfs_cache_pressure}} раньше было процентным значением, которое контролирует тенденцию ядра к ''возврату'' памяти, используемой для кэширования объектов каталогов и инодов, со значением по умолчанию 100 на ядрах <5.4. На ядрах >=5.4 значение может быть увеличено до 100. Увеличение этого значения увеличит скорость удаления этих объектов из кэша оперативной памяти. Уменьшение этого значения позволит этим объектам дольше кэшироваться в памяти, потребляя со временем дополнительную оперативную память. В зависимости от конкретной рабочей нагрузки - слишком сильное увеличение или уменьшение этого значения может оказать значительное негативное влияние на производительность системы. Чтобы найти подходящий баланс необходимо поэкспериментировать, а значение по умолчанию является разумным. В целом, чаще всего оптимизируют swappiness, прежде чем экспериментировать с vfs_cache_pressure.

Для установки этих значений вы можете использовать команду {{ic|sysctl}}. Например, чтобы установить значение swappiness равным 10, вы должны использовать:
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

'''Не существует заранее определенного ответа на вопрос об оптимальных значениях этих параметров.''' Необходимо поэкспериментировать чтобы найти оптимальную конфигурацию для вашего конкретного оборудования и рабочей нагрузки.

=Смотрите также=
* Страница на Arch Wiki про [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Swap swap]
* Страница на Arch Wiki про [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Zswap zswap].
* Документация ядра Linux про [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/zswap.txt zswap]
* Доументация ядра Linux про [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt swappiness и vfs_cache_pressure]
* Руководство по ZFS в Linux по [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device разделам Swap]

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Swap/fr

2026-04-03T06:34:02Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages />
<br />
__TOC__

=Aperçu=

L'espace d'échange (« swap ») est utilisé pour étendre la capacité de mémoire vive (RAM) disponible sur la machine, afin d'exécuter des logiciels assez gourmand.
* Sans espace swap, des problèmes de mémoires peuvent apparaître, causant ainsi le retour du terrible OOM-killer. Ce programme sert à régler les problèmes du type OOM ("Out Of Memory", Plus d'espace mémoire), en mettant fin à des processus divers, allant de votre simple fichier LibreOffice, jusqu'au crash complet du système.
* A l'inverse, si votre système possède un espace swap sur son disque dur, le noyau Linux pourra prendre la mémoire utilisée apr des applications, ou des services, inactifs et les écrire sur disque (action dite de « swapping »), et ce afin de récupérer plus de RAM.

Il existe trois manières de gérer le SWAP sur Manjaro :
* Une partition Swap
* Un fichier Swap
* zswap

Cet article essaye d'être le plus complet possible, mais si vous avez besoin de plus amples informations, jetez un oeil aux [[Swap#See_Also|articles liés]]
= Ai-je besoin d'un espace Swap ?=

Répondre à cette question est un brin compliqué, surtout si nous n'avons pas pris connaissances des spécificités de votre système. Même sur des systèmes avec beaucoup de RAM, le swap est utilisé comme sécurité, ou pour une utilisation avec des applications ayant des besoins bien particuliers. Voici une liste non-exhaustive des raisons qui peuvent vous pousser un créer ce fameux espace sur votre disque :
* Si vous utilisez de l'« hibernation » (mise en veille prolongée): ''oui, vous avez besoin de swap!''
* Si vous avez des services inactifs, ou partiellement inactifs, mais qui tournent quand-même en arrière plan : ''oui, vous avez besoin de swap!''
* Si vous avez une application qui alloue de la mémoire virtuelle, directement comme stockage, et non comme RAM : ''oui, vous avez besoin de swap!''
* Si vous avez une application qui contient une fuite de mémoire : ''oui, vous avez besoin de swap !''
* Si vous possédez un serveur contenant 1 TB (1000 GB) de mémoire vive, que vous n'utilisez pas d'applications allouant de la mémoire virtuelle directement, ou ayant des fuites de mémoire : ''non, vous n'avez pas besoin de swap!''
=Quelle taille mon Swap doit-il avoir ?=

La taille de swap est extrêmement variable et dépend de ''vos applications spécifiques'' et la façon dont vous les utilisez. Il n'existe aucune formule universelle sans connaissance des réactions de votre ssytème sur une période de temps prolongée. Un bon point de départ serait :
* <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Pour des systèmes ayant moins de 4 GB de RAM, il est fortement recommandé d'avoir un espace swap d'au minimum le double de la taille actuelle de votre mémoire vive. Ce minimum est aussi le maximum en raison de rendements décroissants liés à une trop grosse taille du Swap ("mieux vaut trop que pas assez" ne fonctionne pas dans ce genre de situation).</span>
* Pour des systèmes plus récente (RAM > 4 GB), votre swap aura une taille équivalent à la racine carrée de l'espace en mémoire vive. Sinon, '''si vous utilisez l'hibernation''', vous aurez besoin au minimum de la racine carrée de votre RAM en GB, et au maximum, du double de votre RAM, toujours en raison des rendements décroissants.
* Le seul et unique désavantage d'avoir trop de swap, sera que l'espace disque alloué ne pourra pas être utilisé ni par des applications, ni pour stocker des données.

<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">"Rendements décroissants" signifie que, dans le cas où vous auriez besoin de plus de mémoire que le double de votre RAM, il vaudrait mieux ajouter de la mémoire vive à votre système, puisque l'accès à un disque dur est environs 1 000 fois plus lent que la vitesse d'accès à la RAM ! Même sur un SSD, une opération restera beaucoup plus longue sur le disque que sur la RAM.</span>

En distillant tout cela on arrive au tableau ci-dessous (les 3 dernières colonnes représentent le Swap dont vous aurez besoin) :

RAM Sans hibernation Avec hibernation Maximum
1GB 1GB 2GB 2GB
2GB 2GB 3GB 4GB
3GB 3GB 5GB 6GB
4GB 4GB 6GB 8GB

RAM Sans hibernation Avec hibernation Maximum
5GB 2GB 7GB 10GB
6GB 2GB 8GB 12GB
8GB 3GB 11GB 16GB
12GB 3GB 15GB 24GB
16GB 4GB 20GB 32GB
24GB 5GB 29GB 48GB
32GB 6GB 38GB 64GB
64GB 8GB 72GB 128GB
128GB 11GB 139GB 256GB
256GB 16GB 272GB 512GB
512GB 23GB 535GB 1TB
1TB 32GB 1056GB 2TB
2TB 46GB 2094GB 4TB
4TB 64GB 4160GB 8TB
8TB 91GB 8283GB 16TB
{{note|Pour l'anecdote, le serveur le plus large qu'un des auteurs de ce wiki dû un jour installer, contenait 8 TB de RAM, et possédait tout de même un espace d'échange, alors pourquoi pas la votre n'en aurez pas besoin ?}}
=Afficher les informations sur le Swap=

La commande {{ic|swapon}} vous affichera les information relatif à l'utilisation du Swap actuellement. Par example:
swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda7 partition 20G 44.3M -2

Le script suivant :
* vous affichera si zswap est actif ou non, et s'il l'est, vous donnera des informations en rapport à zswap, pour peu que vous exécutiez ce script en utilisant {{ic|sudo}}.
* vous affichera une liste de toutes les applications et services qui ont alloué du swap, et combien en les triant par ordre décroissant.

#!/bin/bash
#Check whether running as root
if [ "$(whoami)" = 'root' ]; then
dmesg | grep "zswap:" | grep --silent "load"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# zswap is active
echo "zswap information:"
grep --recursive --color=none . /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Press any key to continue"
else
echo "[warning] zswap not active. Continuing"
fi
else
echo "[warning] Not running as root: skipping zswap info"
fi
for szFile in /proc/*/status ; do
awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 "\t" $3}END{ print "" }' "$szFile"
done | sort --key 2 --numeric --reverse | more

=Utiliser une partition swap=

Une partition swap est la façon traditionnelle d'activer cet espace d'échange. Dans ce scénario, une, ou plusieurs, partitions dédiées sont crées pour prendre en charge le Swap.
==Créer et gérer une partition swap==

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour pouvoir créer une partition swap, vous avez besoin d'assez d’space disque non-alloué, et ce afin de créer votre partition swap. Si vous n'avez pas assez d'assez d'espace libre, allez directment à la partie [[#Using_a_Swapfile|#Utiliser_un_fichier_swap]]. Ce genre de partition peut être créer dans n'importe quel gestionnaire de disques et est pris en charge par le type {{ic|linuxswap}}.
</div>

Après avoir créé la partition swap, elle devra être initialisée avec la commande {{ic|mkswap}}. Par exemple, si votre partition swap est {{ic|/dev/sda3}}, vous devriez utiliser la commande :
sudo mkswap /dev/sda3

En suite, vous devriez activer la partition swap an utilisant la commande {{ic|swapon}}. En poursuivant notre exemple ci-dessus, nous devrions alors exécuter ceci :
sudo swapon /dev/sda3

Pour s'assurer que le swap est activé au démarrage, il va falloir ajouter une entrée au fichier {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. Comme d'habitude, il est préférable d'utiliser un UUID que le nom de l'appareil pour ce genre d'action. Vous pouvez rajouter la ligne à la fin du fichier fstab en utilisant cette commande:
sudo bash -c "echo UUID=$(lsblk -no UUID /dev/sda3) none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

‎Si vous souhaitez avoir plus d’une partition de swap, il vous suffit de répéter les étapes ci-dessus pour chaque partition supplémentaire désirée.‎

{{note|‎Assurez-vous seulement de bien remplacer /dev/sda3 dans les commandes précédentes avec votre partition réelle.‎}}
{{tip|''Si vous utilisez un HDD'' (disque mécanique) mettre la partition de swap au *début du disque* est une bonne idée puisque la vitesse du disque est plus rapide sur les pistes extérieures. Sur un SSD cela n'a aucune importance.}}

=Utiliser un ficher swap=

Le plus grand désavantage d'une ''partition'' swap est qu'on doit re-partitionner le disque pour pouvoir changer la taille du swap. En utilisant des noyaux Linux supérieur ou égal à 2.6, il n'existe plus de véritables différence de vitesse entre ces deux méthodes.

==Créer et utiliser un fichier swap statique==
{{tip|Il y a moyen d'avoir à la fois une partition d'échange '''ET''' un fichier Swap, cette méthode, vous évitera d'avoir à partionner votre disque une nouvelle fois.}}

Dans un premier temps, créez et initialisez le fichier qui contiendra l'espace d'échanges. Par exemple, pour créer un fichier Swap de 4 GB, utilisez la commande suivante :

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress

Une fois fait, nous allons le fichier en ne donnant les droits de lecture et d'écriture à {{ic|root}} uniquement. Pour ce faire, utilisez la commande suivante :

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Maintenant que le fichier est protégé, on doit encore le formater et surtout l'activer avec la commande {{ic|swapon}}. En suivant notre exemple, utilisez :

sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile

Pour s'assurer que le swap est actif à chaque démarrage, vous pouvez rajouter une ligne au fichier {{ic|/etc/fstab}} manuellement ou en utilisant la commande :

sudo bash -c "echo /swapfile none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

==Fichiers swap et format BTRFS==

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Out of date|Please see official btrfs documentaion}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Swapfile.html Official btrfs documentation on swapfile]
</div>

A partir de la version 5.0 du noyau Linux, les fichiers swap présents sur des partitions btrfs sont parfaitement supportés. Néanmoins, quelques actions supplémentaires sont requises pour leur mise en service.

Avant d'exécuter {{ic|dd}} commen indiqué plus haut, vous devez exécuter les commandes suivantes :
sudo truncate -s 0 /swapfile
sudo chattr +C /swapfile
sudo btrfs property set /swapfile compression none

Ces commandes créent un fichier vide, désactivent COW pour ce fichier et s'assurent qu'il n'y a pas de compression active.

{{tip|Pour rester compatible avec Timeshift, il est nécessaire de créer le fichier swap en dehors du volume "@" appartenant à root.
{{RootCmd|command=btrfs subvolume create /@swapfile}}
Vous n'avez qu'à remplacer /swapfile par /@swapfile/swapfile.}}

==Fichiers swap sur ZFS==

zfs ne supporte pas de fichiers de type swap, cependant un résultat similaire peut être obtenu en utilisant un volume zvol swap.

Des instructions détaillés se trouve dans le guide [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device ZoL guide] (en Anglais).
=Réglages et Performances=

Même si un espace d'échange vous semble être une bonne façon d'étendre votre mémoire vive facilement et rapidement, une utilisation excessive peut causer des chutes de performance fulgurante, comme mentionné précédemment.

Il existe quelques paramètres pour régler l'utilisation de swap. Il s'agit de swappiness et vfs_cache_pressure. Pour afficher votre configuration actuelle, exécutez les commandes suivantes :
cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure

{{ic|swappiness}} contrôle la probabilité qu'une page soit transférée de la mémoire vive vers l'espace d'échange. Cette valeur représente le pourcentage de mémoire libre avant d'activer le processus de swap. Plus la valeur est basse, moins le swap sera utilisé et plus il y aura de pages gardées en mémoire sur le dsique dur où :
* 0 désactive le swap
* 60 est la valeur par défaut, idéal pour un serveur qui exécute beaucoup de services
* 100 active le swap de manière très agressive

Pour "la plupart" des ordinateurs, la valeur recommandée est de 10. Théoriquement, le processus de swap ne commencera que quand l'utilisation de la mémoire vive atteint les 90 pourcents.

{{ic|vfs_cache_pressure}} est un pourcentage qui contrôle la tendance du noyau à "récupérer" la mémoire utilisée pour la mise en cache des objets inode et des dossiers. La valeur par défaut est 100. L'augmentation de cette valeur augmentera la vitesse à laquelle ces objets seront supprimés de la RAM. La réduction permettra à ces objets d'être mis en cache plus longtemps, consommant de la RAM supplémentaire au fil du temps. En fonction de votre charge de travail spécifique, augmenter ou réduire cette valeur de manière très significative peut avoir des impacts négatifs importants sur les performances de votre système. Vous devez expérimenter avec des valeurs et trouver l'équilibre idéal pour votre système, et les valeurs par défaut sont généralement accéptables pour la plupart des systèmes. N'oubliez jamais d'optimisez d'abord la valeur de swappiness avent d'aller vers vfs_cache_pressure.

Pour changer ces valeurs, utilisez la commande {{ic|sysctl}}. Par exemple, pour changer la valeur du paramètre swappiness à 10, utilisez :
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

'''Il n'y a pas de valeurs optimales universelles pour ces paramètres.''' Vous devez expérimenter afin de trouver la configuration idéale pour votre configuration physique et la façon dont vous utilisez votre système.

=Articles liés=
* La page Wiki de Arch Linux : [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Swap swap]
* La page Wiki de Arch Linux : [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Zswap zswap]
* La documentation du noyau Linux : [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/zswap.txt zswap]
* La documentation du noyau Linux : [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt swappiness and vfs_cache_pressure]
* Le guide ZFS sur Linux : [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device Swap Volumes]

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Swap/de

2026-04-03T06:34:01Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages />
<br />
__TOC__

=Übersicht=

Der Auslagerungsspeicher wird zur Erweiterung des für die Ausführung von Programmen verfügbaren Speichers (RAM) verwendet.
* Ohne Auslagerungsspeicher werden bei Speichermangel die Anwendungen ''beendet'', was zu einem Absturz des gesamten Systems führen kann.
* Wenn dem System Auslagerungsspeicher zur Verfügung steht, kann der Kernel weniger häufig genutzte Speicherseiten von inaktiven Anwendungen / Diensten auf die Festplatte schreiben ("auslagern"), wodurch mehr echter Arbeitsspeicher für aktive Anwendungen zur Verfügung steht.

Es gibt drei verschiedene Möglichkeiten, wie der Swap in Manjaro verwaltet werden kann:
* Eine Auslagerungs-Partition
* Eine Auslagerungs-Datei
* Komprimierte Auslagerung (zswap)

<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Dieser Artikel versucht, so umfassend wie möglich zu sein, aber noch mehr Informationen finden Sie in den [[Swap#See_Also|unten verlinkten Artikel]]</span>
=Brauche ich eine Auslagerung?=

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Das ist eine Frage, die nicht beantwortet werden kann, ohne einen Blick auf Ihre Konfiguration zu werfen. Selbst bei reichlich verfügbarem Speicher wird dieser oft als Auffangnetz oder sogar manchmal aufgrund spezifischer Anwendungsanforderungen verwendet, also werfen Sie einen Blick auf die folgende nicht abschließende Liste:
</div>
* Wenn Sie den Ruhezustand verwenden: ''ja, Sie müssen auslagern!''
* Wenn Sie Dienste haben, die nicht immer aktiv sind, aber trotzdem ständig laufen: ''ja, Sie müssen auslagern!''
* Wenn Sie eine Anwendung haben, die anstelle von RAM direkt virtuellen Speicher für temporäre Speicherung zuweist: ''ja, Sie müssen auslagern!''
* Wenn Sie eine Anwendung haben, die ein Speicherleck hat: ''ja, Sie müssen auslagern!''
* Wenn Sie einen Server mit 1 TB RAM haben, den Sie als Desktop verwenden, ohne dass Anwendungen virtuellen Speicher zuweisen oder Speicherlecks haben: ''Nein, Sie müssen nicht auslagern!''
=Wie viel Auslagerungspeicher brauche ich?=

Die benötigte Swap-Größe ist sehr variabel und hängt von ''Ihren'' spezifischen Anwendungen und der Arbeitslast ab. Es gibt keine allgemeingültige Formel für die Größe des Auslagerungsspeichers, ohne die Nutzung über einen bestimmten Zeitraum hinweg zu überwachen. Ein vernünftiger Ansatzpunkt wäre:
* <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Bei weniger als 4 GB physischem Speicher (RAM) wird dringend empfohlen, dass der Swap-Speicher mindestens so groß sein sollte wie der RAM-Speicher. Außerdem wird empfohlen, dass der Swap-Speicher maximal doppelt so groß ist wie der RAM-Speicher, abhängig von der Größe des für das System verfügbaren Festplattenplatzes, wegen des abnehmenden Nutzens.</span>
* <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Bei moderneren Systemen (>4 GB) sollte Ihr Auslagerungsplatz mindestens der Größe Ihres physischen Speichers (RAM) entsprechen, '''wenn Sie den Ruhezustand verwenden''', andernfalls benötigen Sie mindestens ROUNDUP(SQRT(RAM)), d.h. die Quadratwurzel Ihrer Arbeitsspeichergröße aufgerundet auf das nächste GB. Das Maximum ist auch hier das Doppelte der Arbeitsspeichergröße, ebenfalls wegen des abnehmenden Nutzens.</span>
* Der einzige Nachteil, wenn Sie mehr Auslagerungsspeicher haben, als Sie tatsächlich benötigen, ist, dass der dafür reservierte Speicherplatz nicht für Anwendungs- oder Systemdaten verwendet werden kann.

<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Der "abnehmende Nutzen" bedeutet, dass Sie, wenn Sie mehr Auslagerungsspeicher als das Doppelte Ihrer RAM-Größe benötigen, besser mehr RAM hinzufügen sollten, da der Zugriff auf die Festplatte (HDD) etwa 10³ langsamer ist als der Zugriff auf den RAM, so dass etwas, das 1 Sekunde dauern würde, plötzlich mehr als 15 Minuten dauert! Und auf einem Halbleiterlaufwerk (Solid State Drive, SSD) dauert derselbe Vorgang, der im RAM 1 Sekunde dauerte, auf dem SSD immer noch etwa 1 Minute!</span>

Unter Berücksichtigung aller oben genannten Punkte ergibt sich die folgende Tabelle:

(die letzten 3 Spalten bezeichnen den Auslagerungsbereich)

Arbeitsspeicher Kein Ruhezustand Mit Ruhezustand Maximum
1GB 1GB 2GB 2GB
2GB 2GB 3GB 4GB
3GB 3GB 5GB 6GB
4GB 4GB 6GB 8GB

Arbeitsspeicher Kein Ruhezustand Mit Ruhezustand Maximum
5GB 2GB 7GB 10GB
6GB 2GB 8GB 12GB
8GB 3GB 11GB 16GB
12GB 3GB 15GB 24GB
16GB 4GB 20GB 32GB
24GB 5GB 29GB 48GB
32GB 6GB 38GB 64GB
64GB 8GB 72GB 128GB
128GB 11GB 139GB 256GB
256GB 16GB 272GB 512GB
512GB 23GB 535GB 1TB
1TB 32GB 1056GB 2TB
2TB 46GB 2094GB 4TB
4TB 64GB 4160GB 8TB
8TB 91GB 8283GB 16TB
{{note|<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Der größte Server, den einer der Autoren dieses Wikis jemals installiert hat, hatte in der Tat 8TB RAM</span>}}
=Auslagerungsinformationen anzeigen=

Der Befehl {{ic|swapon}} zeigt Ihre aktuellen Swap-Informationen an. Zum Beispiel:
swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda7 partition 20G 44.3M -2

Das folgende Skript wird:
* <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">zeigt an, ob zswap aktiv ist oder nicht, und wenn aktiv, gibt zswap Parameter an, wenn es mit dem Befehl {{$ic|sudo}} ausgeführt wird</span>
* eine Liste aller Anwendungen / Dienste anzeigen, die Auslagerung beanspruchen und wie viel sie beanspruchen, in absteigender Reihenfolge

#!/bin/bash
#Check whether running as root
if [ "$(whoami)" = 'root' ]; then
dmesg | grep "zswap:" | grep --silent "load"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# zswap is active
echo "zswap information:"
grep --recursive --color=none . /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/
read -n 1 -s -r -p "Press any key to continue"
else
echo "[warning] zswap not active. Continuing"
fi
else
echo "[warning] Not running as root: skipping zswap info"
fi
for szFile in /proc/*/status ; do
awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 "\t" $3}END{ print "" }' "$szFile"
done | sort --key 2 --numeric --reverse | more

=Eine Auslagerungspartition benutzen=

Eine Auslagerungspartition ist die traditionelle Art, den Auslagerungsbereich zu verwalten. In diesem Szenario wird eine dedizierte Partition (oder Partitionen) für die Unterbringung der Auslagerungsdaten erstellt.
==Erstellen und Aktivieren einer Auslagerungspartition==

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Um eine Auslagerungspartition zu erstellen, benötigen Sie genügend nicht zugewiesenen Speicherplatz, um eine zusätzliche Partition zu erstellen. Wenn Sie nicht genügend Platz haben, springen Sie zum nächsten Abschnitt [[#Using_a_Swapfile|#Verwenden_einer_Auslagerungsdatei]]. Eine Auslagerungspartition kann in jeder Datenträgerverwaltung / Partitionsverwaltung erstellt werden und sollte als Typ {{ic|linuxswap}} eingerichtet werden.#Using_a_Swapfile
</div>

Sobald Sie eine Auslagerungspartition haben, müssen Sie die Auslagerungspartition mit {{ic|mkswap}} initialisieren. Wenn Ihre Auslagerungspartition zum Beispiel {{ic|/dev/sda3}} ist, könnten Sie diesen Befehl verwenden:
sudo mkswap /dev/sda3

Als nächstes müssen wir die Auslagerungspartition mit dem Befehl {{ic|swapon}} aktivieren. In Anlehnung an unser obiges Beispiel könnte dies erfolgen mit:
sudo swapon /dev/sda3

Um sicherzustellen, dass die Auslagerung beim Booten aktiviert ist, können wir einen Eintrag in {{ic|/etc/fstab}} hinzufügen. Am besten verwenden Sie dazu die UUID anstelle des Gerätenamens. Sie können die Zeile zu fstab manuell oder mit dem Befehl hinzufügen:
sudo bash -c "echo UUID=$(lsblk -no UUID /dev/sda3) none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">If you would like to have more than one swap partition, simply repeat the steps above for any additional partitions.</span>

{{note|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Be sure to replace /dev/sda3 in the above commands with your actual swap partition.</span>}}
{{tip|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">''If you're using a HDD'' (spinning rust) put the swap partition *at the beginning of the disk* as the speed of the disk is higher on the outside tracks. On an SSD this doesn't matter.</span>}}

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=Using a Swapfile=
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Using a swap partition has one major disadvantage: Changing the size of swap or adding swap requires repartitioning the disk. In current Linux kernels, it is possible to use a swap file instead of a dedicated partition and as from kernel 2.6 onwards there is no performance difference any more between the two.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==Creating and Enabling a Static Swapfile==
</div>
{{tip|<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
There is no reason you can't have both a swap partition and a swapfile. This is an easy way to add more swap without repartitioning.
</div>}}

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
First create and intialize the file to hold the swap. For example, to create a 4GB swapfile, you could use the command:
</div>

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Set the appropriate permissions on the file. It should be readable and writable only by {{ic|root}}. This can be done with the command:
</div>

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Next we need to format and enable the swapfile:
</div>

sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
In order to ensure that the swap is enabled at boot we can add an entry to {{ic|/etc/fstab}}. You can add the line to fstab manually or using the command:
</div>

sudo bash -c "echo /swapfile none swap defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==Swapfiles on BTRFS==
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Out of date|Please see official btrfs documentaion}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Swapfile.html Official btrfs documentation on swapfile]
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
As of kernel 5.0 and higher, swapfiles are supported on btfrs. They still require some special handling in addition to the above steps.
</div>

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Prior to running the {{ic|dd}} step above, you should run these commands:</span>
sudo truncate -s 0 /swapfile
sudo chattr +C /swapfile
sudo btrfs property set /swapfile compression none

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">These commands create an empty swapfile, disable COW for that file and ensure that compression is disabled.</span>

{{tip|<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
To stay compatible with Timeshift, it is necessary to create the swapfile outside the root subvolume "@".
{{RootCmd|command=btrfs subvolume create /@swapfile}}
Just replace /swapfile with /@swapfile/swapfile.
</div>}}

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==Swapfiles on ZFS==
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
zfs doesn't support swapfiles, however you can achieve a similar benefit using a zvol as a swap volume.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Detailed instructions on how to accomplish this can be found in this [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device ZoL guide].
</div>
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=Tuning & Performance Considerations=
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Although swap seems like a great way to expand memory, excessive swap use will cause severe performance degradation, as mentioned before.
</div>

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">There are couple of parameters that can be used to tune swap utilization. These are swappiness and vfs_cache_pressure. To see your current settings for these you can use the following commands:</span>
cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">{{ic|swappiness}} controls how likely a page is to be transferred to swap. This value represents the percentage of the free memory before activating swap. The lower the value, the less swapping is used and the more memory pages are kept in physical memory where:</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">0 disables swap</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">60 is the default value which is ideal for a server that is memory-starved and running a lot of services</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">100 is very aggressive swapping.</span>

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">For ''most'' desktop computers the recommended value is 10: Theoretically, this means to only start swapping when RAM usage reaches around 90 percent.</span>

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">{{ic|vfs_cache_pressure}} used to be a percentage value that controls the tendency of the kernel to ''reclaim'' the memory which is used for caching of directory and inode objects with a default value of 100 on Kernels <5.4. On Kernels >=5.4 can be increased beyond 100.</span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Increasing this value will increase the rate in which these objects are removed from the RAM cache. Decreasing it will allow these objects to be cached in memory longer, consuming additional RAM over time.</span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Depending on your specific workload, increasing or decreasing this value too far can have significant negative impacts on system performance.</span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Experimentation is needed to find the appropriate balance and the default value is reasonable. In general, it is more common to optimize swappiness before experimenting with vfs_cache_pressure.</span>

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">To set these values you can use the command {{ic|sysctl}}. For example, to set the swappiness value to 10 you could use:</span>
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

'''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">There is no preset defined answer on the optimal values for these parameters.</span>''' <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Experimentation is needed to find the optimum configuration for your specific hardware and workload.</span>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=See Also=
</div>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Arch Wiki page on [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Swap swap]</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Arch Wiki page on [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Zswap zswap]</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Linux kernel documentation on [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/zswap.txt zswap]</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Linux kernel documentation on [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt swappiness and vfs_cache_pressure]</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The ZFS on Linux guide on [https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-use-a-zvol-as-a-swap-device Swap Volumes]</span>

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Translations:Swap/102/en

2026-04-03T06:33:56Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

[https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Swapfile.html Official btrfs documentation on swapfile]

Translations:Swap/101/en

2026-04-03T06:33:56Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

Install Display Managers/fr

2026-02-25T09:41:54Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' is a fork of SDDM, designed for use with '''Plasma 6'''.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour installer SSDM, il suffit de rentrer ceci :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Et pour l'activer afin d'en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
Si vous utilisez Plymouth, l'activation du service se fera de cette manière :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] est un gestionnaire de connexions très léger avec très peu de dépendances lors de l'installation.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour l'installer :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Pour en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
Et si vous utilisez Plymouth, tapez ceci pour activer le service :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

LightDM fonctionne avec des greeter qui permettent de changer l'apparence du gestionnaire. Il en existe beaucoup et sans eux, rien ne fonctionnera. Nous nous contenterons ici de présenter les deux greeter les plus utilisés par la communauté de Manjaro.
|}

=Greeters de LightDM=
==Greeter Slick==
Installer le greeter ainsi que ses outils de configurations avec cette commande :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Pour plus d'informations sur comment modifier un fichier appartenant au super-utilisateur (root) suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Recherchez la partie commençant par '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur, vous devez trouver '''greeter-session=''' et remplacer ce qui vient après comme tel :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

Slick est livré avec un fichier de configuration fonctionnel mais cous pouvez cependant le personnaliser de bien des manières en utilisant le programme lightdm-setting.
==Greeter GTK==
Installer le greeter et ses outils de configurations :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Si vous n'arrivez pas à écrire dans ce fichier, suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Localisez la section '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur de cette partie, trouvez la ligne '''greeter-session=''' et ajoutez ceci :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

Le greeter GTK est livré avec un fichier de configurations fonctionnel, mais vous pouvez bien entendu le modifier afin de personnaliser son apparence avec le programme lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] a été conçu pour l'environnement de bureaux Enlightenment. Il permet la configuration de plusieurs thèmes ou icônes, ainsi que l'activation d'un clavier virtuel. Si le thème par défaut sélectionne un fond d'écran et des icônes aléatoires pour les utilisateurs, il est tout de même possible de sélectionner des paramètres fixes et même d'ajouter ces propres photo de profil. Si plusieurs thèmes sont installés sur le système, il est possible d'en avoir un par défaut et un propre à chaque utilisateur qui s'activera à la sélection du compte.

Entrance est disponible dans [[Arch_User_Repository|les dépôts AUR]] et peut être installé en utilisant la commande suivante :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Enfin, pour faire d'Entrance votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut, entrez :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Consultez également=

* [[Installation_Guides|Guides d'installation]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Installer des environnements de bureaux]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/fa

2026-02-25T09:41:53Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' is a fork of SDDM, designed for use with '''Plasma 6'''.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب SDDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
برای فعال سازی SDDM به‌عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|مدیرنمایش LightDM]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] یک مدیرنمایش سبک با حداقل وابستگی است.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب LightDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
برای فعال‌کردن LightDM به عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض خود از دستور زیر استفاده کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می‌کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

همراه با LightDM، شما همچنین باید یک greeter را نصب و پیکربندی کنید. اگر greeter را نصب نکنید، LightDM کار نخواهد کرد. greeter های زیادی برای LightDM وجود دارد. ما دو مورد از greeter هایی را که معمولاً توسط نسخه‌های مانجارو استفاده می‌شود، پوشش خواهیم داد.

=Greeter های LightDM=
==Slick Greeter==
Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

پرونده '''etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf/''' را ویرایش کنید. برای دستورالعمل های مربوط به نحوه ویرایش پرونده متعلق به کاربر root [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|این راهنما]] را ببینید.

بخش '''[Seat:*]''' را بیابید. در آن بخش، خط حاوی '''=greeter-session''' را پیدا کنید و کل خط را با آن جایگزین کنید:
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]

....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter با یک فایل پیکربندی فعال نصب می‌شود، اما شما می‌توانید به‌صورت اختیاری برنامه ''Login Window'' (تنظیمات lightdm) را اجرا کنید و slick-greeter را از راه‌های مختلف سفارشی کنید.
==GTK Greeter==
GTK Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/ru

2026-02-25T09:41:49Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' is a fork of SDDM, designed for use with '''Plasma 6'''.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Для включения SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Lightdm]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] это легкий менеджер дисплея с минимальными зависимостями.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки LightDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Для включения LightDM в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, используйте:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

При использовании LightDM Вам также потребуется установить и настроить приветствие. Если Вы не установите приветствие - LightDM не будет работать. Для LightDM существует множество приветствий. Мы рассмотрим два из них, наиболее часто используемых в редакциях Manjaro.
|}

=Приветствия Lightdm=
==Приветствие Slick==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
==Приветствие GTK==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

экран приветствия gtk поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings" (lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Entrance]] || [https://wiki5.ru/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] это настраиваемый DM, разработанный для среды рабочего стола Enlightenment, позволяющий выбирать несколько тем, иконок и включать виртуальные клавиатуры. При установке по умолчанию предлагаются обои с произвольно отображаемыми значками для каждой учетной записи пользователя, хотя можно указать фиксированный значок, а также скомпилировать и добавить пользовательские. При установке нескольких тем Entrance можно установить тему по умолчанию, отображаемую при запуске, и отдельные темы, появляющиеся для каждого пользователя при входе в систему.

Entrance доступен в [[Arch_User_Repository/ru|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] и может быть установлен с помощью следующей команды:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Чтобы включить Entrance в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, выполните команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Смотрите также=

* [[Installation_Guides/ru|Руководство по установке]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments/ru|Установка среды рабочего стола]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/en

2026-02-25T09:41:47Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' is a fork of SDDM, designed for use with '''Plasma 6'''.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install SDDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
To enable SDDM enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
|}

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] is a light display manager with minimal dependencies.

To install LightDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
To enable LightDM as the default display manager use:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

With LightDM, you also will need to install and configure a greeter. If you don't install a greeter, it won't work. There are a lot of greeters for LightDM. We will cover two of the greeters most commonly used by Manjaro editions.
|}

=Lightdm Greeters=
==Slick Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

The slick-greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
==GTK Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Translations:Install Display Managers/25/en

2026-02-25T09:41:46Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' is a fork of SDDM, designed for use with '''Plasma 6'''.

Install Display Managers/fa

2026-02-25T09:27:04Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب SDDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
برای فعال سازی SDDM به‌عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|مدیرنمایش LightDM]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] یک مدیرنمایش سبک با حداقل وابستگی است.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب LightDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
برای فعال‌کردن LightDM به عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض خود از دستور زیر استفاده کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می‌کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

همراه با LightDM، شما همچنین باید یک greeter را نصب و پیکربندی کنید. اگر greeter را نصب نکنید، LightDM کار نخواهد کرد. greeter های زیادی برای LightDM وجود دارد. ما دو مورد از greeter هایی را که معمولاً توسط نسخه‌های مانجارو استفاده می‌شود، پوشش خواهیم داد.

=Greeter های LightDM=
==Slick Greeter==
Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

پرونده '''etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf/''' را ویرایش کنید. برای دستورالعمل های مربوط به نحوه ویرایش پرونده متعلق به کاربر root [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|این راهنما]] را ببینید.

بخش '''[Seat:*]''' را بیابید. در آن بخش، خط حاوی '''=greeter-session''' را پیدا کنید و کل خط را با آن جایگزین کنید:
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]

....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter با یک فایل پیکربندی فعال نصب می‌شود، اما شما می‌توانید به‌صورت اختیاری برنامه ''Login Window'' (تنظیمات lightdm) را اجرا کنید و slick-greeter را از راه‌های مختلف سفارشی کنید.
==GTK Greeter==
GTK Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/en

2026-02-25T09:27:03Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install SDDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
To enable SDDM enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
|}

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] is a light display manager with minimal dependencies.

To install LightDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
To enable LightDM as the default display manager use:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

With LightDM, you also will need to install and configure a greeter. If you don't install a greeter, it won't work. There are a lot of greeters for LightDM. We will cover two of the greeters most commonly used by Manjaro editions.
|}

=Lightdm Greeters=
==Slick Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

The slick-greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
==GTK Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/ru

2026-02-25T09:27:03Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Для включения SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Lightdm]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] это легкий менеджер дисплея с минимальными зависимостями.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки LightDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Для включения LightDM в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, используйте:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

При использовании LightDM Вам также потребуется установить и настроить приветствие. Если Вы не установите приветствие - LightDM не будет работать. Для LightDM существует множество приветствий. Мы рассмотрим два из них, наиболее часто используемых в редакциях Manjaro.
|}

=Приветствия Lightdm=
==Приветствие Slick==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
==Приветствие GTK==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

экран приветствия gtk поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings" (lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Entrance]] || [https://wiki5.ru/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] это настраиваемый DM, разработанный для среды рабочего стола Enlightenment, позволяющий выбирать несколько тем, иконок и включать виртуальные клавиатуры. При установке по умолчанию предлагаются обои с произвольно отображаемыми значками для каждой учетной записи пользователя, хотя можно указать фиксированный значок, а также скомпилировать и добавить пользовательские. При установке нескольких тем Entrance можно установить тему по умолчанию, отображаемую при запуске, и отдельные темы, появляющиеся для каждого пользователя при входе в систему.

Entrance доступен в [[Arch_User_Repository/ru|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] и может быть установлен с помощью следующей команды:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Чтобы включить Entrance в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, выполните команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Смотрите также=

* [[Installation_Guides/ru|Руководство по установке]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments/ru|Установка среды рабочего стола]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/fr

2026-02-25T09:27:01Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour installer SSDM, il suffit de rentrer ceci :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Et pour l'activer afin d'en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
Si vous utilisez Plymouth, l'activation du service se fera de cette manière :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] est un gestionnaire de connexions très léger avec très peu de dépendances lors de l'installation.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour l'installer :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Pour en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
Et si vous utilisez Plymouth, tapez ceci pour activer le service :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

LightDM fonctionne avec des greeter qui permettent de changer l'apparence du gestionnaire. Il en existe beaucoup et sans eux, rien ne fonctionnera. Nous nous contenterons ici de présenter les deux greeter les plus utilisés par la communauté de Manjaro.
|}

=Greeters de LightDM=
==Greeter Slick==
Installer le greeter ainsi que ses outils de configurations avec cette commande :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Pour plus d'informations sur comment modifier un fichier appartenant au super-utilisateur (root) suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Recherchez la partie commençant par '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur, vous devez trouver '''greeter-session=''' et remplacer ce qui vient après comme tel :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

Slick est livré avec un fichier de configuration fonctionnel mais cous pouvez cependant le personnaliser de bien des manières en utilisant le programme lightdm-setting.
==Greeter GTK==
Installer le greeter et ses outils de configurations :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Si vous n'arrivez pas à écrire dans ce fichier, suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Localisez la section '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur de cette partie, trouvez la ligne '''greeter-session=''' et ajoutez ceci :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

Le greeter GTK est livré avec un fichier de configurations fonctionnel, mais vous pouvez bien entendu le modifier afin de personnaliser son apparence avec le programme lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] a été conçu pour l'environnement de bureaux Enlightenment. Il permet la configuration de plusieurs thèmes ou icônes, ainsi que l'activation d'un clavier virtuel. Si le thème par défaut sélectionne un fond d'écran et des icônes aléatoires pour les utilisateurs, il est tout de même possible de sélectionner des paramètres fixes et même d'ajouter ces propres photo de profil. Si plusieurs thèmes sont installés sur le système, il est possible d'en avoir un par défaut et un propre à chaque utilisateur qui s'activera à la sélection du compte.

Entrance est disponible dans [[Arch_User_Repository|les dépôts AUR]] et peut être installé en utilisant la commande suivante :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Enfin, pour faire d'Entrance votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut, entrez :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Consultez également=

* [[Installation_Guides|Guides d'installation]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Installer des environnements de bureaux]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Translations:Install Display Managers/27/en

2026-02-25T09:26:59Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

Translations:Install Display Managers/30/en

2026-02-25T09:26:58Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

{{BoxInfo|Images|The images is purely illustrative. The may not reflect any actual system.}}

Install Display Managers/fa

2026-02-24T17:09:54Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a relatively new and lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب SDDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
برای فعال سازی SDDM به‌عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|مدیرنمایش LightDM]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] یک مدیرنمایش سبک با حداقل وابستگی است.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
برای نصب LightDM، دستور زیر را وارد کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
برای فعال‌کردن LightDM به عنوان مدیرنمایش پیش‌فرض خود از دستور زیر استفاده کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
اگر از Plymouth استفاده می‌کنید، با دستور زیر این سرویس را فعال کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

همراه با LightDM، شما همچنین باید یک greeter را نصب و پیکربندی کنید. اگر greeter را نصب نکنید، LightDM کار نخواهد کرد. greeter های زیادی برای LightDM وجود دارد. ما دو مورد از greeter هایی را که معمولاً توسط نسخه‌های مانجارو استفاده می‌شود، پوشش خواهیم داد.

=Greeter های LightDM=
==Slick Greeter==
Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

پرونده '''etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf/''' را ویرایش کنید. برای دستورالعمل های مربوط به نحوه ویرایش پرونده متعلق به کاربر root [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|این راهنما]] را ببینید.

بخش '''[Seat:*]''' را بیابید. در آن بخش، خط حاوی '''=greeter-session''' را پیدا کنید و کل خط را با آن جایگزین کنید:
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]

....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter با یک فایل پیکربندی فعال نصب می‌شود، اما شما می‌توانید به‌صورت اختیاری برنامه ''Login Window'' (تنظیمات lightdm) را اجرا کنید و slick-greeter را از راه‌های مختلف سفارشی کنید.
==GTK Greeter==
GTK Greeter و ابزار پیکربندی آن را نصب کنید:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/fr

2026-02-24T17:09:51Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a relatively new and lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour installer SSDM, il suffit de rentrer ceci :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Et pour l'activer afin d'en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
Si vous utilisez Plymouth, l'activation du service se fera de cette manière :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] est un gestionnaire de connexions très léger avec très peu de dépendances lors de l'installation.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Pour l'installer :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Pour en faire votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
Et si vous utilisez Plymouth, tapez ceci pour activer le service :
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

LightDM fonctionne avec des greeter qui permettent de changer l'apparence du gestionnaire. Il en existe beaucoup et sans eux, rien ne fonctionnera. Nous nous contenterons ici de présenter les deux greeter les plus utilisés par la communauté de Manjaro.
|}

=Greeters de LightDM=
==Greeter Slick==
Installer le greeter ainsi que ses outils de configurations avec cette commande :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Pour plus d'informations sur comment modifier un fichier appartenant au super-utilisateur (root) suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Recherchez la partie commençant par '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur, vous devez trouver '''greeter-session=''' et remplacer ce qui vient après comme tel :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

Slick est livré avec un fichier de configuration fonctionnel mais cous pouvez cependant le personnaliser de bien des manières en utilisant le programme lightdm-setting.
==Greeter GTK==
Installer le greeter et ses outils de configurations :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Modifiez le fichier '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Si vous n'arrivez pas à écrire dans ce fichier, suivez [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|ce guide]].

Localisez la section '''[Seat:*]'''. A l'intérieur de cette partie, trouvez la ligne '''greeter-session=''' et ajoutez ceci :
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

Le greeter GTK est livré avec un fichier de configurations fonctionnel, mais vous pouvez bien entendu le modifier afin de personnaliser son apparence avec le programme lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] a été conçu pour l'environnement de bureaux Enlightenment. Il permet la configuration de plusieurs thèmes ou icônes, ainsi que l'activation d'un clavier virtuel. Si le thème par défaut sélectionne un fond d'écran et des icônes aléatoires pour les utilisateurs, il est tout de même possible de sélectionner des paramètres fixes et même d'ajouter ces propres photo de profil. Si plusieurs thèmes sont installés sur le système, il est possible d'en avoir un par défaut et un propre à chaque utilisateur qui s'activera à la sélection du compte.

Entrance est disponible dans [[Arch_User_Repository|les dépôts AUR]] et peut être installé en utilisant la commande suivante :
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Enfin, pour faire d'Entrance votre gestionnaire de sessions par défaut, entrez :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Consultez également=

* [[Installation_Guides|Guides d'installation]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Installer des environnements de bureaux]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/ru

2026-02-24T17:09:50Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a relatively new and lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
Для включения SDDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm-plymouth.service --force}}
|}
</div>

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Lightdm]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] это легкий менеджер дисплея с минимальными зависимостями.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Для установки LightDM введите команду:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
Для включения LightDM в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, используйте:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
При использовании Plymouth необходимо включить службу следующим образом
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm-plymouth.service --force}}
</div>

При использовании LightDM Вам также потребуется установить и настроить приветствие. Если Вы не установите приветствие - LightDM не будет работать. Для LightDM существует множество приветствий. Мы рассмотрим два из них, наиболее часто используемых в редакциях Manjaro.
|}

=Приветствия Lightdm=
==Приветствие Slick==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

slick-greeter поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
==Приветствие GTK==
Установите приветствие и инструмент настройки:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Отредактируйте файл '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. Инструкции по редактированию файла, принадлежащего root, смотрите в [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files/ru|этом руководстве]].

Найдите раздел '''[Seat:*]'''. В этом разделе найдите строку, содержащую '''greeter-session=''' и замените всю строку на
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

экран приветствия gtk поставляется с рабочим конфигурационным файлом, но вы можете запустить приложение "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings" (lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) и настроить приветствие различными способами.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Менеджер дисплея Entrance]] || [https://wiki5.ru/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] это настраиваемый DM, разработанный для среды рабочего стола Enlightenment, позволяющий выбирать несколько тем, иконок и включать виртуальные клавиатуры. При установке по умолчанию предлагаются обои с произвольно отображаемыми значками для каждой учетной записи пользователя, хотя можно указать фиксированный значок, а также скомпилировать и добавить пользовательские. При установке нескольких тем Entrance можно установить тему по умолчанию, отображаемую при запуске, и отдельные темы, появляющиеся для каждого пользователя при входе в систему.

Entrance доступен в [[Arch_User_Repository/ru|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] и может быть установлен с помощью следующей команды:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

Чтобы включить Entrance в качестве менеджера дисплеев по умолчанию, выполните команду:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=Смотрите также=

* [[Installation_Guides/ru|Руководство по установке]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments/ru|Установка среды рабочего стола]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Install Display Managers/en

2026-02-24T17:09:49Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a relatively new and lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install SDDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
To enable SDDM enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
|}

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

=LightDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Lightdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Lightdm display manager]] || [https://github.com/CanonicalLtd/lightdm LightDM] is a light display manager with minimal dependencies.

To install LightDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
To enable LightDM as the default display manager use:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

With LightDM, you also will need to install and configure a greeter. If you don't install a greeter, it won't work. There are a lot of greeters for LightDM. We will cover two of the greeters most commonly used by Manjaro editions.
|}

=Lightdm Greeters=
==Slick Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
...</pre>}}

The slick-greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "Login Window"(lightdm-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
==GTK Greeter==
Install the greeter and the configuration tool:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}

Edit the file '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'''. For instructions on how to edit a file owned by root see [[Viewing_and_editing_configuration_files|this guide]].

Locate the section '''[Seat:*]'''. Within that section locate the line containing '''greeter-session=''' and replace the entire line with
{{File|file=/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf|content=<pre>[Seat:*]
....
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
....</pre>}}

The gtk greeter ships with a working configuration file but you can optionally run the "LightDM GTK+ Greeter Settings"(lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings) application and customize the greeter in many ways.
=Entrance=
{|
|-
| [[File:Entrance_Actions_wiki.png|thumb|left|375px|Entrance display manager]] || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrance_(display_manager) Entrance] is a configurable DM designed for the Enlightenment desktop environment which allows selection of multiple themes, icons, and the enabling of virtual keyboards. The default installation offers a wallpaper with randomly displayed icons for each user account, although a fixed icon can be specified and custom icons compiled and added. When multiple Entrance themes are installed it is possible to have a default theme displayed on startup and individual themes that appear for each user as they begin login.

Entrance is available in the [[Arch_User_Repository|Arch User Repository (AUR)]] and may be installed using the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build entrance-git}}

To enable Entrance as the default display manager run the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable entrance.service --force}}
|}
=See Also=

* [[Installation_Guides|Installation Guides]]
* [[Install_Desktop_Environments|Install Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Translations:Install Display Managers/9/en

2026-02-24T17:09:47Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

To install LightDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lightdm}}
To enable LightDM as the default display manager use:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

Translations:Install Display Managers/29/en

2026-02-24T17:09:47Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

To install LXDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install lxdm}}
To enable LXDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lxdm.service --force}}
|}

Translations:Install Display Managers/28/en

2026-02-24T17:09:47Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

=LXDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:lxdm.png|thumb|left|375px|LXDM display manager]] || '''[http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXDM LXDM]''' - the '''L'''ightweight '''X'''-Windows '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, easy selection of multiple languages, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

Translations:Install Display Managers/7/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

To install SDDM, enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install sddm}}
To enable SDDM enter the command:
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
|}

Translations:Install Display Managers/27/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

=SDDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Sddm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|SDDM display manager]] || [https://github.com/sddm/sddm SDDM] is a relatively new and lightweight QML-based display manager with minimal dependencies for use with any desktop environment. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments.

Translations:Install Display Managers/26/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

Plasma Login can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install plasma-login-manager}}
To enable Plasma Login as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable plasmalogin.service --force}}
|}

Translations:Install Display Managers/25/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

= Plasma Login =
{|
|-
| [[File:Plasma-login-manager.png|thumb|left|375px|Plasma Login Manager]] || '''Plasma Login''' - the is designed for use with Plasma 6.

Translations:Install Display Managers/24/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

GDM can be installed by entering the following command:
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install gdm}}
To enable GDM as your default display manager use the command:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
|}

Translations:Install Display Managers/23/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

=GDM=
{|
|-
| [[File:Gdm2019-1.png|thumb|left|375px|Gnome display manager]] || '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager GDM]''' - the '''G'''nome '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager - is designed for use with Gnome 3. It supports theming, automatic login, and the automatic detection and use of multiple desktop environments. Specifically for those using Gnome 3. GDM is typically only paired with a Gnome Desktop Environment because GDM depends on a large amount of the Gnome desktop as dependencies.

Translations:Install Display Managers/22/en

2026-02-24T17:09:47Z

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

They are also referred to as ''Login Managers''. As with different desktop environments, different display managers will require different system resources to run, and will provide their own unique styles, interfaces, and features. Commonly shared features - particularly in respect to the selection of display managers listed below - include customisation/theming, automatic login, and the selection of multiple desktop environments.

Translations:Install Display Managers/21/en

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FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

=Overview=
{{BoxInfo|Choice of display manager|If you are only using one desktop environment, then why not choose the appropriate display manager to go with it?}}
'''Display Managers''' are used to provide login screens, and therefore serve as protective security barriers to prevent unauthorised access to your system.

Install Desktop Environments/ru

2026-02-19T10:07:58Z

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

<languages/>
__TOC__

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Overview =
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
There are several desktop environments and window managers available for Manjaro, each with their own unique style, interface, and features. Furthermore, it is possible to install multiple environments if desired, which can be selected at the login screen at any time. Users are not restricted to whatever comes pre-installed with a particular flavour of Manjaro.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Desktop Environments =
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
It is worth noting that a desktop environment (DE) is not a single entity; it is actually a collection of different components that work together. This commonly includes a:
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* '''window manager''' to display, move and resize application windows
* '''file manager''' to visually browse, copy and access files, etc.
* '''background provider''' to display wallpapers, etc.
* '''panel''' to provide a menu and to display information such as the time
* '''settings/configuration manager''' to change the look of the environment
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
And so on. Most desktop environments will also come with their own preferred applications, in addition to various widgets, addons, and extensions to provide extra features. As such, upon entering the commands provided below in your terminal to download and install a desktop environment, you may be prompted to choose from a selection of components provided for it. '''To install a full desktop environment''' - complete with its own preferred file manager, applications, and so on
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Where additional (and optional) extras for a desktop environment are available, the terminal commands to obtain these have also been provided.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Some important information about installing the Manjaro settings packages:
* The Manjaro settings packages contain the theming and settings to make the desktop the same as in the Manjaro ISOs
* They have the naming convention manjaro-<desktop>-settings i.e. manjaro-xfce-settings
* They share files so you can only have one at a time installed.
* If you are coming from gnome you must remove the meta package '''manjaro-gnome-assets''' before you can install the settings package for another desktop
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==Issues With of Using Multiple DEs==
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Installing multiple DEs is not without issues. Here are some things that can pop-up when running more than one DE:
* The settings packages overlap so you can only have one DE pre-configured with the Manjaro theming. The others will need to have the theming applied manually.
* You can end up with more than one instance of similar applications. For example, it is common to end up with 2 Bluetooth managers. It takes some tweaking to get a single manager working in multiple DEs.
* Sometimes two different DEs will share the same configuration files causing strange things to happen, especially with theming.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
These issues are greatly reduced by using a different user account for each DE. The command for adding a standard user and setting a password
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Example - create a new user named '''marci''' and set password
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo userad -mU marci && sudo passwd marci}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
In summary, running multiple DEs is possible and a great way to enjoy Manjaro but it requires a willingness to troubleshoot and work through minor problems. If you are the type of person who wants everything to "just work" out of the box, running multiple DEs might not be for you.
</div>

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== Screenshots ==
</div>

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The screenshots are for illustrative purposes. It will require additional (undocumented) work to achieve similar result for your system.
</div>

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== Xfce ==
</div>

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[[File: xfceDE.png|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://xfce.org/ Xfce]''' or '''XFCE''', pronounced as four individual letters, is a lightweight and versatile desktop environment that utilises a classic drop-down/pop-up menu to access applications. It is also compatible with '''[[Compiz_and_Emerald|Compiz]]'''. A little time and effort will also be required to properly customise the desktop to suit personal taste. As of version 18, Manjaro has moved to the gtk3 version of Xfce.

=== Install a basic Xfce environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies xfce4-terminal network-manager-applet xfce4-notifyd xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin tumbler engrampa}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for Xfce
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
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edit '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf''', under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter'''
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'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for Xfce
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-xfce-settings manjaro-settings-manager}}
</div>

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To configure LightDM to match the official iso replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf with
</div>

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[greeter]
background = /usr/share/backgrounds/illyria-default-lockscreen.jpg
font-name = Cantarell Bold 12
xft-antialias = true
icon-theme-name = Papirus
screensaver-timeout = 60
theme-name = Matcha-azul
cursor-theme-name = xcursor-breeze
show-clock = false
default-user-image = #avatar-default
xft-hintstyle = hintfull
position = 50%,center 50%,center
clock-format =
panel-position = bottom
indicators = ~host;~spacer;~clock;~spacer;~language;~session;~a11y;~power
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== KDE Plasma 6 ==
[[File: KDEPlasmaDE.png|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://www.kde.org/ The KDE community]''' offers [https://www.kde.org/plasma-desktop Plasma], a feature-rich and versatile desktop environment that provides several different styles of menu to access applications. An excellent built-in interface to easily access and install new themes, widgets, etc, from the internet is also worth mentioning.
</div>

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{{warning|The various components for Plasma which is available using the internet, should be used with care. Theming on Plasma is not just a bunch of icons and colors - it is based on QML, the Qt model language which is specific for the used version of Qt.}}
</div>

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=== Install a basic KDE Plasma environment ===
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S plasma kio-extras}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install KDE applications
</div>

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To install a full set of K* applications use '''kde-applications-meta'''. This will be ~300 packages(including dependencies)
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S kde-applications-meta}}
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'''Optional:''' Install and use [https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Install_Display_Managers#SDDM SDDM], the recommended display manager for KDE
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SDDM is installed as a dependency of plasma. To enable it execute below command and restart the system
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}
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'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for plasma
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-kde-settings sddm-breath-theme manjaro-settings-manager}}
</div>

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Open plasma settings, go to Startup & Shutdown->Login Screen and select "Breath"
</div>

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Alternatively, the newer themes may be installed with:
</div>

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{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S plasma-themes-breath}}
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== GNOME ==
[[File: Gnome-de-18.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://www.gnome.org/ GNOME]''' is an intuitive desktop environment that utilises a tablet or smartphone style interface to access applications. It is not compatible with compiz. Although GNOME is very easy to learn and use, it has limited customisation options and it can be difficult to configure.

=== Install a basic GNOME environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome}}
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'''Optional:''' To install extra themes, games, and features
</div>

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{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome-extra}}
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'''Optional:''' Install and use GDM, the recommended display manager for GNOME
</div>

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GDM is installed as a dependency of GNOME. To enable it:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for GNOME
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-gnome-settings manjaro-settings-manager}}
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== Cinnamon ==
[[File: Cinnamon screenshot.jpeg|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://cinnamon.linuxmint.com/ Cinnamon]''' is a desktop environment based on GNOME 3 that utilises a large panel-style menu to access applications. It is not compatible with compiz. Despite being based on GNOME, it has more customisation options and therefore is easier to configure. Windows Vista or 7 users may find Cinnamon's interface comfortably familiar.

=== Install a basic Cinnamon environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cinnamon}}
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'''Optional:''' Install additional commonly used components
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cinnamon-wallpapers cinnamon-sounds gnome-terminal parcellite}}
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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for cinnamon
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
</div>

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Then edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for Cinnamon
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-cinnamon-settings adapta-maia-theme kvantum-manjaro}}
</div>

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To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/greeter_default.jpg
background-color=#263138
draw-grid=false
theme-name=Adapta-Nokto-Eta-Maia
icon-theme-name=Papirus-Dark-Maia
font-name='Cantarell 11'
xft-antialias=true
xft-hintstyle=hintfull
enable-hidpi=auto
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Set the Manjaro logo on the panel by right-clicking on the menu and clicking configure. Select "Use a custom icon and label". Select the Manjaro icon.
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</div>

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== Budgie ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Budgie|}}
[[File: budgie.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
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The '''[https://github.com/BuddiesOfBudgie/budgie-desktop Budgie Desktop]''' is a modern desktop designed to keep out the way of the user. It features heavy integration with the GNOME stack in order for an enhanced experience.

=== Install a basic Budgie environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S budgie-desktop network-manager-applet gnome-control-center gnome-screensaver}}
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'''Optional:''' Install additional commonly used components
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome-terminal nautilus budgie-extras dconf-editor}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for budgie
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command= systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
To configure LightDM to match the official iso replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/manjaro-budgie/manjaro-budgie.jpg
theme-name=Matcha-sea
icon-theme-name=Papirus-Maia
draw-grid=false
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== Cosmic ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Cosmic|}}
[[File:Cosmic-desktop.png|thumb|left|375px]]
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The '''[https://system76.com/cosmic Cosmic Desktop]''' COSMIC is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Originally a modified version of GNOME made for Pop! OS, it was later rebuilt from scratch as a standalone desktop environment using the Iced toolkit -- More info [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COSMIC_desktop Wikipedia].
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== Install the Cosmic environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cosmic}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''Optional:''' Enable the cosmic greeter
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable cosmic-greeter --force}}
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== Deepin ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Deepin|}}
[[File: deepin.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''[https://www.deepin.org/en/dde/ Deepin Desktop]''' is an elegant, easy to use desktop. It is lightly configurable.

=== Install a basic deepin environment ===
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<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S deepin}}
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'''Optional:''' Install the Deepin applications suite
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S deepin-extra}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for deepin
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S lightdm}}
{{UserCmd|command= systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
</div>

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Then edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-deepin-greeter'''
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== Enlightenment ==
</div>

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{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Enlightenment|}}
[[File: E20-Green_Onix_760.png|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://www.enlightenment.org/ Enlightenment]''', sometimes known simply as E, is a lightweight desktop environment known for its configurability and tools for creating beautiful user interfaces using its Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL). E started in 1997 as a stacking window manager, emerging as a desktop environment since development release version 0.17. E does not come with a broad array of tools by default, which can be an advantage for experienced users who want to customize their installation, and a disadvantage for users with little or no experience of Linux. E uses a few unique terms, for example referring to panels as “shelves”.
</div>

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=== Install a basic E environment ===
{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S enlightenment terminology}}
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</div>

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== LXDE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXDE|}}
[[File: lxde17.1.11.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[https://github.com/lxde LXDE]''' is a super-lightweight desktop environment that is very similar to XFCE, with the exception that it is not compatible with Compiz. As with XFCE, LXDE is also a somewhat basic desktop environment, lacking some modern features that would be expected, such as a search-bar to find applications and files. However, due to comparatively low resource requirements, it is also an excellent choice for less powerful computers.
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See [https://github.com/lxde LXDE on Github] for recent actvity.
</div>

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=== Install a basic LXDE environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lxde network-manager-applet}}
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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for lxde
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
{{Note|Installing LXDE will also result in installing ''Openbox'' as its default window manager. The LXDM display manager will also be downloaded, although it will be necessary to enable this yourself if you wish to replace your existing display manager.}}
To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf with
[greeter]
background = /usr/share/backgrounds/lxde-breath.png
font-name = Cantarell 12
xft-antialias = true
icon-theme-name = Arc-Maia
screensaver-timeout = 60
theme-name = Adapta-Eta-Maia
cursor-theme-name = xcursor-breeze
show-clock = false
default-user-image = #avatar-default
xft-hintstyle = hintfull
position = 50%,center 50%,center
clock-format =
panel-position = bottom
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</div>

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== LXQt (X11 and Wayland) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXQt|}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File: Lxqt-de-18.png|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''[https://lxqt-project.org/ LXQt Desktop Environment]''' LXQt is a lightweight Qt desktop environment. It was formed from the merger of the LXDE and Razor-qt projects.
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LXQt support both X11 and Wayland protocols. Wayland support is acheived by using the '''labwc''' window manager.
</div>

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=== Install a basic LXQt environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lxqt xscreensaver}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for LXQt
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings light-locker}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf, under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== MATE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Mate|}}
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<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File: mate.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
</div>

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'''[https://mate-desktop.org/ MATE]''' is a desktop environment and the continuation of GNOME 2. Featuring an intuitive and attractive desktop environment while preserving a traditional desktop experience, its aim is to maintain and continue the latest GNOME 2 code base, frameworks, and core applications.

=== Install a basic MATE environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S mate network-manager-applet}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''Optional:''' Install MATE applications and configuration tools
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S mate-extra dconf-editor}}
</div>

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'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for MATE
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
edit '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf''', under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''
</div>

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To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/manjaro-mate/manjaro-mate.jpg
theme-name=Adapta-Nokto-Maia
icon-theme-name=Arc-Maia
draw-grid=false
</div>

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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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= Window Managers =
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{{note|By nature, building your own desktop environment from a Window Manager will take substantially more time and effort than simply downloading a pre-defined desktop environment.}}
</div>

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{{warning|The images provided below are purely for illustrative purposes only. You will have you put in the necessary time and effort to configure them.}}
</div>

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Although desktop environments commonly provide a good range of customisation options to suit personal taste and preference, they may still be seen as somewhat restrictive or controlled in the sense that they merely allow for the personalisation of their pre-defined components. However, certain Window Managers (WM) empower users to take a 'do it yourself' approach in order to create their own desktop environments. In essence, they may be used as a foundation on which to build upon, as literally every component and every aspect of the desktop is under the direct control and choice of the user. An environment may be as elaborate or as minimalistic as desired, and it is even possible to mix and match various components from other desktop environments.
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Therefore extremely powerful and versatile, these window managers also carry the additional benefit of being faster and more resource efficient than pre-defined desktop environments. Interestingly, the super-lightweight LXDE environment is itself built on the Openbox window manager. There are two types of Window Manager: '''Stacking''' and '''Tiling'''. These names denote how application windows will behave on your desktop.
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== Stacking Window Managers ==
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'''Stacking window managers''' are by far the most popular, and essentially allow application windows to be moved freely around the screen, which may overlap - or 'stack' - upon one another, hence the name. All popular desktop environments such as Xfce, KDE Plasma and GNOME use stacking window Managers.
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=== Openbox (X11) ===
[[File: manjarobox.png|thumb|left|375px]]
'''[http://openbox.org/ Openbox]''' is by far the most popular Window Manager available. Due to its popularity there is excellent documentation available, as well as a good choice of additional themes that may be downloaded. '''To install Openbox, enter the command:'''
</div>

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{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S openbox obconf lxappearance-obconf}}
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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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=== FluxBox (X11) ===
[[File: fluxbox2.png|thumb|left|375px]]
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'''[http://fluxbox.org/ FluxBox]''' is another popular Window Manager. It is particularly notable for providing some features not seen in Openbox, such as ''tabbing'', which allows for windows to be grouped together. '''To install FluxBox, enter the command''':
</div>

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{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S fluxbox}}
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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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=== IceWM (X11) ===
</div>

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[[File: icewm2.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
'''[https://www.ice-wm.org/ IceWM]''' is a Window Manager notable for perhaps being closer to a full desktop environment than Openbox or FluxBox. This includes providing a panel complete with menu, in addition to a workspace switcher. '''To install IceWM, enter the command''':
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S icewm}}
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<br clear="all" />
</div>

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== Tiling Window Managers ==
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'''Tiling window managers''' - as the name would suggest - tile application windows; each will have their own place on the screen, just like conventional tiles do not overlap. However, unlike conventional tiling, these window managers are usually very flexible, and allow for a multitude of different tiling patterns to suit personal taste and preference. Where stacking window managers focus on using the mouse for navigation, tiling window managers focus on the utilisation of the keyboard instead. As such, they can be much faster to use.
</div>

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=== Awesome (X11) ===
</div>

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[[File: awesome.png|thumb|left|375px]]
</div>

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'''[http://awesome.naquadah.org/ Awesome]''' is a popular tiling Window Manager, notable for using the '''Lua''' language for configuration. '''To install Awesome, enter the command''':
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S awesome vicious}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== i3 (X11) ===
[[File: i3wm.png|thumb|left|375px]]
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''[http://i3wm.org/ i3]''' is arguably the most popular tiling window manager available, and notable for using a single, completely self-contained configuration file. '''To install i3, enter the command''':
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S i3-wm i3lock i3status}}
<br clear="all" />
</div>

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Editions{{#translation:}}]]

Install Desktop Environments/tr

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<languages/>
__TOC__

= Overview =

There are several desktop environments and window managers available for Manjaro, each with their own unique style, interface, and features. Furthermore, it is possible to install multiple environments if desired, which can be selected at the login screen at any time. Users are not restricted to whatever comes pre-installed with a particular flavour of Manjaro.

= Desktop Environments =

It is worth noting that a desktop environment (DE) is not a single entity; it is actually a collection of different components that work together. This commonly includes a:

* '''window manager''' to display, move and resize application windows
* '''file manager''' to visually browse, copy and access files, etc.
* '''background provider''' to display wallpapers, etc.
* '''panel''' to provide a menu and to display information such as the time
* '''settings/configuration manager''' to change the look of the environment

And so on. Most desktop environments will also come with their own preferred applications, in addition to various widgets, addons, and extensions to provide extra features. As such, upon entering the commands provided below in your terminal to download and install a desktop environment, you may be prompted to choose from a selection of components provided for it. '''To install a full desktop environment''' - complete with its own preferred file manager, applications, and so on

Where additional (and optional) extras for a desktop environment are available, the terminal commands to obtain these have also been provided.

Some important information about installing the Manjaro settings packages:
* The Manjaro settings packages contain the theming and settings to make the desktop the same as in the Manjaro ISOs
* They have the naming convention manjaro-<desktop>-settings i.e. manjaro-xfce-settings
* They share files so you can only have one at a time installed.
* If you are coming from gnome you must remove the meta package '''manjaro-gnome-assets''' before you can install the settings package for another desktop

==Issues With of Using Multiple DEs==

Installing multiple DEs is not without issues. Here are some things that can pop-up when running more than one DE:
* The settings packages overlap so you can only have one DE pre-configured with the Manjaro theming. The others will need to have the theming applied manually.
* You can end up with more than one instance of similar applications. For example, it is common to end up with 2 Bluetooth managers. It takes some tweaking to get a single manager working in multiple DEs.
* Sometimes two different DEs will share the same configuration files causing strange things to happen, especially with theming.

These issues are greatly reduced by using a different user account for each DE. The command for adding a standard user and setting a password

Example - create a new user named '''marci''' and set password

{{UserCmd|command=sudo userad -mU marci && sudo passwd marci}}

In summary, running multiple DEs is possible and a great way to enjoy Manjaro but it requires a willingness to troubleshoot and work through minor problems. If you are the type of person who wants everything to "just work" out of the box, running multiple DEs might not be for you.

== Screenshots ==

The screenshots are for illustrative purposes. It will require additional (undocumented) work to achieve similar result for your system.

== Xfce ==

[[File: xfceDE.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://xfce.org/ Xfce]''' or '''XFCE''', pronounced as four individual letters, is a lightweight and versatile desktop environment that utilises a classic drop-down/pop-up menu to access applications. It is also compatible with '''[[Compiz_and_Emerald|Compiz]]'''. A little time and effort will also be required to properly customise the desktop to suit personal taste. As of version 18, Manjaro has moved to the gtk3 version of Xfce.

=== Install a basic Xfce environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies xfce4-terminal network-manager-applet xfce4-notifyd xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin tumbler engrampa}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for Xfce
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

edit '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf''', under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter'''

'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for Xfce
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-xfce-settings manjaro-settings-manager}}

To configure LightDM to match the official iso replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf with

[greeter]
background = /usr/share/backgrounds/illyria-default-lockscreen.jpg
font-name = Cantarell Bold 12
xft-antialias = true
icon-theme-name = Papirus
screensaver-timeout = 60
theme-name = Matcha-azul
cursor-theme-name = xcursor-breeze
show-clock = false
default-user-image = #avatar-default
xft-hintstyle = hintfull
position = 50%,center 50%,center
clock-format =
panel-position = bottom
indicators = ~host;~spacer;~clock;~spacer;~language;~session;~a11y;~power

<br clear="all" />

== KDE Plasma 6 ==
[[File: KDEPlasmaDE.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://www.kde.org/ The KDE community]''' offers [https://www.kde.org/plasma-desktop Plasma], a feature-rich and versatile desktop environment that provides several different styles of menu to access applications. An excellent built-in interface to easily access and install new themes, widgets, etc, from the internet is also worth mentioning.

{{warning|The various components for Plasma which is available using the internet, should be used with care. Theming on Plasma is not just a bunch of icons and colors - it is based on QML, the Qt model language which is specific for the used version of Qt.}}

=== Install a basic KDE Plasma environment ===

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S plasma kio-extras}}

'''Optional:''' Install KDE applications

To install a full set of K* applications use '''kde-applications-meta'''. This will be ~300 packages(including dependencies)
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S kde-applications-meta}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use [https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Install_Display_Managers#SDDM SDDM], the recommended display manager for KDE

SDDM is installed as a dependency of plasma. To enable it execute below command and restart the system
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable sddm.service --force}}

'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for plasma
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-kde-settings sddm-breath-theme manjaro-settings-manager}}

Open plasma settings, go to Startup & Shutdown->Login Screen and select "Breath"

Alternatively, the newer themes may be installed with:

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S plasma-themes-breath}}

<br clear="all" />

== GNOME ==
[[File: Gnome-de-18.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://www.gnome.org/ GNOME]''' is an intuitive desktop environment that utilises a tablet or smartphone style interface to access applications. It is not compatible with compiz. Although GNOME is very easy to learn and use, it has limited customisation options and it can be difficult to configure.

=== Install a basic GNOME environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome}}

'''Optional:''' To install extra themes, games, and features

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome-extra}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use GDM, the recommended display manager for GNOME

GDM is installed as a dependency of GNOME. To enable it:
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable gdm.service --force}}

'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for GNOME
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-gnome-settings manjaro-settings-manager}}

<br clear="all" />

== Cinnamon ==
[[File: Cinnamon screenshot.jpeg|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://cinnamon.linuxmint.com/ Cinnamon]''' is a desktop environment based on GNOME 3 that utilises a large panel-style menu to access applications. It is not compatible with compiz. Despite being based on GNOME, it has more customisation options and therefore is easier to configure. Windows Vista or 7 users may find Cinnamon's interface comfortably familiar.

=== Install a basic Cinnamon environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cinnamon}}

'''Optional:''' Install additional commonly used components
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cinnamon-wallpapers cinnamon-sounds gnome-terminal parcellite}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for cinnamon
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

Then edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''

'''Optional:''' Install the Manjaro configuration and theming for Cinnamon
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S manjaro-cinnamon-settings adapta-maia-theme kvantum-manjaro}}

To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/greeter_default.jpg
background-color=#263138
draw-grid=false
theme-name=Adapta-Nokto-Eta-Maia
icon-theme-name=Papirus-Dark-Maia
font-name='Cantarell 11'
xft-antialias=true
xft-hintstyle=hintfull
enable-hidpi=auto

Set the Manjaro logo on the panel by right-clicking on the menu and clicking configure. Select "Use a custom icon and label". Select the Manjaro icon.

<br clear="all" />

== Budgie ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Budgie|}}
[[File: budgie.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]

The '''[https://github.com/BuddiesOfBudgie/budgie-desktop Budgie Desktop]''' is a modern desktop designed to keep out the way of the user. It features heavy integration with the GNOME stack in order for an enhanced experience.

=== Install a basic Budgie environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S budgie-desktop network-manager-applet gnome-control-center gnome-screensaver}}

'''Optional:''' Install additional commonly used components
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S gnome-terminal nautilus budgie-extras dconf-editor}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for budgie

{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command= systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''

To configure LightDM to match the official iso replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/manjaro-budgie/manjaro-budgie.jpg
theme-name=Matcha-sea
icon-theme-name=Papirus-Maia
draw-grid=false

<br clear="all" />

== Cosmic ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Cosmic|}}
[[File:Cosmic-desktop.png|thumb|left|375px]]

The '''[https://system76.com/cosmic Cosmic Desktop]''' COSMIC is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Originally a modified version of GNOME made for Pop! OS, it was later rebuilt from scratch as a standalone desktop environment using the Iced toolkit -- More info [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COSMIC_desktop Wikipedia].

=== Install the Cosmic environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S cosmic}}

'''Optional:''' Enable the cosmic greeter

{{UserCmd|command=sudo systemctl enable cosmic-greeter --force}}

<br clear="all" />

== Deepin ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Deepin|}}
[[File: deepin.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''[https://www.deepin.org/en/dde/ Deepin Desktop]''' is an elegant, easy to use desktop. It is lightly configurable.

=== Install a basic deepin environment ===

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S deepin}}

'''Optional:''' Install the Deepin applications suite

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S deepin-extra}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for deepin

{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S lightdm}}
{{UserCmd|command= systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

Then edit ''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'', under '''[Seat:*]''' replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-deepin-greeter'''

<br clear="all" />

== Enlightenment ==

{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Enlightenment|}}
[[File: E20-Green_Onix_760.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://www.enlightenment.org/ Enlightenment]''', sometimes known simply as E, is a lightweight desktop environment known for its configurability and tools for creating beautiful user interfaces using its Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL). E started in 1997 as a stacking window manager, emerging as a desktop environment since development release version 0.17. E does not come with a broad array of tools by default, which can be an advantage for experienced users who want to customize their installation, and a disadvantage for users with little or no experience of Linux. E uses a few unique terms, for example referring to panels as “shelves”.

=== Install a basic E environment ===
{{UserCmd|command= sudo pacman -S enlightenment terminology}}

<br clear="all" />

== LXDE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXDE|}}
[[File: lxde17.1.11.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[https://github.com/lxde LXDE]''' is a super-lightweight desktop environment that is very similar to XFCE, with the exception that it is not compatible with Compiz. As with XFCE, LXDE is also a somewhat basic desktop environment, lacking some modern features that would be expected, such as a search-bar to find applications and files. However, due to comparatively low resource requirements, it is also an excellent choice for less powerful computers.

See [https://github.com/lxde LXDE on Github] for recent actvity.

=== Install a basic LXDE environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lxde network-manager-applet}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for lxde
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}
{{Note|Installing LXDE will also result in installing ''Openbox'' as its default window manager. The LXDM display manager will also be downloaded, although it will be necessary to enable this yourself if you wish to replace your existing display manager.}}
To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf with
[greeter]
background = /usr/share/backgrounds/lxde-breath.png
font-name = Cantarell 12
xft-antialias = true
icon-theme-name = Arc-Maia
screensaver-timeout = 60
theme-name = Adapta-Eta-Maia
cursor-theme-name = xcursor-breeze
show-clock = false
default-user-image = #avatar-default
xft-hintstyle = hintfull
position = 50%,center 50%,center
clock-format =
panel-position = bottom

<br clear="all" />

== LXQt (X11 and Wayland) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXQt|}}

[[File: Lxqt-de-18.png|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''[https://lxqt-project.org/ LXQt Desktop Environment]''' LXQt is a lightweight Qt desktop environment. It was formed from the merger of the LXDE and Razor-qt projects.

LXQt support both X11 and Wayland protocols. Wayland support is acheived by using the '''labwc''' window manager.

=== Install a basic LXQt environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lxqt xscreensaver}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for LXQt
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings light-locker}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf, under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter
<br clear="all" />

== MATE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Mate|}}

[[File: mate.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[https://mate-desktop.org/ MATE]''' is a desktop environment and the continuation of GNOME 2. Featuring an intuitive and attractive desktop environment while preserving a traditional desktop experience, its aim is to maintain and continue the latest GNOME 2 code base, frameworks, and core applications.

=== Install a basic MATE environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S mate network-manager-applet}}

'''Optional:''' Install MATE applications and configuration tools
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S mate-extra dconf-editor}}

'''Optional:''' Install and use LightDM, the recommended display manager for MATE
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-slick-greeter lightdm-settings}}
{{UserCmd|command=systemctl enable lightdm.service --force}}

edit '''/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf''', under [Seat:*] replace the greeter-session setting with '''greeter-session=lightdm-slick-greeter'''

To configure LightDM to match the community edition replace the contents of /etc/lightdm/slick-greeter.conf with
[Greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/manjaro-mate/manjaro-mate.jpg
theme-name=Adapta-Nokto-Maia
icon-theme-name=Arc-Maia
draw-grid=false

<br clear="all" />

= Window Managers =

{{note|By nature, building your own desktop environment from a Window Manager will take substantially more time and effort than simply downloading a pre-defined desktop environment.}}

{{warning|The images provided below are purely for illustrative purposes only. You will have you put in the necessary time and effort to configure them.}}

Although desktop environments commonly provide a good range of customisation options to suit personal taste and preference, they may still be seen as somewhat restrictive or controlled in the sense that they merely allow for the personalisation of their pre-defined components. However, certain Window Managers (WM) empower users to take a 'do it yourself' approach in order to create their own desktop environments. In essence, they may be used as a foundation on which to build upon, as literally every component and every aspect of the desktop is under the direct control and choice of the user. An environment may be as elaborate or as minimalistic as desired, and it is even possible to mix and match various components from other desktop environments.

Therefore extremely powerful and versatile, these window managers also carry the additional benefit of being faster and more resource efficient than pre-defined desktop environments. Interestingly, the super-lightweight LXDE environment is itself built on the Openbox window manager. There are two types of Window Manager: '''Stacking''' and '''Tiling'''. These names denote how application windows will behave on your desktop.

== Stacking Window Managers ==

'''Stacking window managers''' are by far the most popular, and essentially allow application windows to be moved freely around the screen, which may overlap - or 'stack' - upon one another, hence the name. All popular desktop environments such as Xfce, KDE Plasma and GNOME use stacking window Managers.

=== Openbox (X11) ===
[[File: manjarobox.png|thumb|left|375px]]
'''[http://openbox.org/ Openbox]''' is by far the most popular Window Manager available. Due to its popularity there is excellent documentation available, as well as a good choice of additional themes that may be downloaded. '''To install Openbox, enter the command:'''

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S openbox obconf lxappearance-obconf}}

<br clear="all" />

=== FluxBox (X11) ===
[[File: fluxbox2.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://fluxbox.org/ FluxBox]''' is another popular Window Manager. It is particularly notable for providing some features not seen in Openbox, such as ''tabbing'', which allows for windows to be grouped together. '''To install FluxBox, enter the command''':

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S fluxbox}}

<br clear="all" />

=== IceWM (X11) ===

[[File: icewm2.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]
'''[https://www.ice-wm.org/ IceWM]''' is a Window Manager notable for perhaps being closer to a full desktop environment than Openbox or FluxBox. This includes providing a panel complete with menu, in addition to a workspace switcher. '''To install IceWM, enter the command''':

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S icewm}}

<br clear="all" />

== Tiling Window Managers ==

'''Tiling window managers''' - as the name would suggest - tile application windows; each will have their own place on the screen, just like conventional tiles do not overlap. However, unlike conventional tiling, these window managers are usually very flexible, and allow for a multitude of different tiling patterns to suit personal taste and preference. Where stacking window managers focus on using the mouse for navigation, tiling window managers focus on the utilisation of the keyboard instead. As such, they can be much faster to use.

=== Awesome (X11) ===

[[File: awesome.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://awesome.naquadah.org/ Awesome]''' is a popular tiling Window Manager, notable for using the '''Lua''' language for configuration. '''To install Awesome, enter the command''':

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S awesome vicious}}

<br clear="all" />

=== i3 (X11) ===
[[File: i3wm.png|thumb|left|375px]]

'''[http://i3wm.org/ i3]''' is arguably the most popular tiling window manager available, and notable for using a single, completely self-contained configuration file. '''To install i3, enter the command''':

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S i3-wm i3lock i3status}}
<br clear="all" />

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Editions{{#translation:}}]]

Install Desktop Environments/zh-cn

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=== i3 (X11) ===
[[File: i3wm.png|thumb|left|375px]]

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=== Awesome (X11) ===

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=== IceWM (X11) ===

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=== FluxBox (X11) ===
[[File: fluxbox2.png|thumb|left|375px]]

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=== Openbox (X11) ===
[[File: manjarobox.png|thumb|left|375px]]
'''[http://openbox.org/ Openbox]''' is by far the most popular Window Manager available. Due to its popularity there is excellent documentation available, as well as a good choice of additional themes that may be downloaded. '''To install Openbox, enter the command:'''

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'''[https://mate-desktop.org/ MATE]''' is a desktop environment and the continuation of GNOME 2. Featuring an intuitive and attractive desktop environment while preserving a traditional desktop experience, its aim is to maintain and continue the latest GNOME 2 code base, frameworks, and core applications.

=== Install a basic MATE environment ===
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S mate network-manager-applet}}

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== MATE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for Mate|}}

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LXQt support both X11 and Wayland protocols. Wayland support is acheived by using the '''labwc''' window manager.

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[[File: Lxqt-de-18.png|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''[https://lxqt-project.org/ LXQt Desktop Environment]''' LXQt is a lightweight Qt desktop environment. It was formed from the merger of the LXDE and Razor-qt projects.

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== LXQt (X11 and Wayland) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXQt|}}

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See [https://github.com/lxde LXDE on Github] for recent actvity.

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'''[https://github.com/lxde LXDE]''' is a super-lightweight desktop environment that is very similar to XFCE, with the exception that it is not compatible with Compiz. As with XFCE, LXDE is also a somewhat basic desktop environment, lacking some modern features that would be expected, such as a search-bar to find applications and files. However, due to comparatively low resource requirements, it is also an excellent choice for less powerful computers.

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== LXDE (X11) ==
{{note|There is not currently a Manjaro settings package for LXDE|}}
[[File: lxde17.1.11.jpg|thumb|left|375px]]