Manjaro - User contributions [en]

Printing

2021-12-25T10:24:18Z

Thenujan: Fixed typo

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= Overview = 


Printing is undertaken through the use of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUPS CUPS] (previously an acronym for '''C'''ommon '''U'''nix '''P'''rinting '''S'''ystem). This is a popular open source printing system used in most Linux distributions due to its ease of use.

= Installing the Printer Software = 


First, install the {{ic|manjaro-printer}} package using your favorite package manager or by using the command:
pamac install manjaro-printer


Note that you may need to add yourself to the {{ic|sys}} group. To do this, use the command:
sudo gpasswd -a yourusername sys

= Enabling Printing Capabilities = 


Once the necessary software has been installed, to start and enable printing capabilities, enter the following commands:
sudo systemctl enable --now cups.service
sudo systemctl enable --now cups.socket
sudo systemctl enable --now cups.path


At this point you should be ready to configure a printer

=Managing Printers= 

==Managing Printers with HP Device Manager== 
[[File:Hplip.png|left|375px]]


If have a printer made by HP, the easiest way to manage it is with the HP Device Manager({{ic|hp-toolbox}}). It is wizard based and handles automatic detection and setup of your printer locally or across a network.


You can run it by selecting '''HP Device Manager''' from the menu or with the command {{ic|hp-toolbox}}.


<br clear="all" />

==Managing Printers with CUPS== 


Another way to add a printer is to use CUPS directly. Assuming CUPS has been enabled (and started), upon connecting a printer, it should be automatically detected and configured for you to use. The process itself should take only about a minute. However, if the automatic detection and configuration doesn't seem to work, then your printer can be manually set up with relative ease. There are two methods to do so:


* '''Webpage Interface''': CUPS provides an webpage interface that will open in your default web browser to configure your printer. This interface also provides access to further information about CUPS, as well as on-line help.


* '''Desktop Interface''': A standard desktop wizard is also available, which should be instantly familiar to those who have configured a printer before, whether using Linux or another operating system such as windows. Note that you may need to install the {{ic|system-config-printer}} package using your favorite package manager or by using the command:
pamac install system-config-printer.

===CUPS Webpage Interface=== 


[[File:CUPSweb.png|thumb|left|375px]]


To access the webpage interface, select '''Manage Printing''' from your desktop menu. The interface will automatically open in your default web browser. Alternatively, you can also open your choice of web browser, and enter the following into the address bar:


http://localhost:631/


{{tip|You can also just click the address provided above to access the CUPS web interface!}}
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===CUPS Desktop Interface Part 1: The Automatic Method=== 


[[File:CUPS1.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''1. Add your printer'''. Ensuring that your printer is properly connected and switched on, select '''Print Settings''' from your desktop menu. Once the ''Print Settings'' window has opened, click '''+ add''' to add a new printer.
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[[File:CUPS2.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''2. Select your printer name'''. Once the ''New Printer'' window has opened, under the '''Select Device''' heading, find the name of your printer and click to highlight it. If your printer is listed more than once, check the description on the right to ensure your selection is not for another function, such as scanning or faxing.


'''3. Select your printer connection'''. Under the '''Connection''' heading, click to highlight your printer's connection method. As illustrated, this will usually always be 'USB'.
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[[File:CUPS3.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''4. Install your printer driver'''. Once your printer name and connection have been highlighted, click the '''Forward''' button and CUPS will automatically search for the available drivers for it. In most instances, once the appropriate driver has been found it will be automatically installed, and the set-up process will have completed.


Otherwise, if the process did not succeed, it will be necessary to click the forward button again in order chose the appropriate driver yourself.
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===CUPS Desktop Interface Part 2: The Manual Method=== 


[[File:CUPS4.png|thumb|left|375px]]


{{tip|CUPS will usually help you out by showing recommended choices for each step.}}


'''1. Select your printer make'''. If the Automatic method did not automatically find and install an appropriate driver for your printer, then clicking the forward button again will present the ''Chose Driver'' window. The first step is to select the make of your printer. As illustrated, as an HP printer is to be installed, the recommended choice of ''HP'' has been highlighted by clicking on it.


Once your make of printer has been highlighted, click the forward button to proceed to the next step.
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[[File:CUPS5.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''2. Select your printer model'''. Under the left-heading '''models''', select the specific model of your printer. As illustrated, as the printer model to be installed in this instance is a Model 2210, the recommended choice of ''PSC 2210'' has been highlighted by clicking on it.


'''3. Select your printer driver'''. At last! Under the right-heading '''Drivers''', select the appropriate driver for your printer. As illustrated, the recommended printer driver has been clicked to highlight it. '''It is advised that you also select whatever driver is recommended for you'''.


Once your printer model and driver have been highlighted, click the forward button to proceed to the next step.
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[[File:CUPS6.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''4. Choose your printer name, description (optional), and location (optional)'''. Unless you want to change something, it will not be necessary to make any amendments here.


If you are happy with the information provided - or have made the desired changes - click the '''Apply''' button to complete the process.
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[[File:CUPS7.png|thumb|left|375px]]


'''5. Configure your printer'''. Having clicked the Apply button in the previous step, your printer's properties will be displayed. By selecting the categories on the right-hand side, you can view information and amend your printer's settings if you wish. '''The standard settings will be fine for most people, so unless you have something specific in mind, there will be nothing you need to do'''.


'''6. Test your printer'''. Although optional, this step is highly recommended! Click the '''Print Test Page''' button to ensure that your printer is set up and working properly.


{{tip|Your printer properties can be accessed - and changed - at any time by selecting the '''Print Settings''' option from your menu, and then double-clicking your printer's icon.}}


That's it! Now click the '''OK''' button to close the window and start using your printer.
<br clear="all" />

===Modifying an Installed Printer=== 


To configure an installed printer at any time:


'''1.''' select the '''Print Settings''' option from your desktop menu, and


'''2.''' double-click the printer's icon.


The configuration window will appear. Select any of the categories on the left-hand side of the window to view the appropriate information and make any desired changes. Once complete, click the '''Apply''' and then '''OK''' buttons to confirm and save your changes, or click the '''Cancel''' button to close the window without making any changes.

===Removing an Installed Printer=== 


If for any reason you wish to remove a printer (e.g. to reinstall it), select the '''Print Settings''' option from your menu, right-click your printer's icon, and then select '''delete'''. You will need to confirm your decision to delete the printer, as well as enter your password to complete the task.

= Disabling Printing Capabilities = 


If for any reason you wish to disable CUPS (e.g. in order to use an alternative printing system), open your terminal and enter the following command:
sudo systemctl disable --now cups.service
sudo systemctl disable --now cups.socket
sudo systemctl disable --now cups.path

= Specific printers/scanners that are known to work = 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Brand !! Type !! Print !! Scan !! Description how to set up !! Issues & Solutions !! More info !!
|-
| Canon || mp 280 || Yes, via network|| Yes, only local || CUPS and manjaro-printer || Remote scanning
|-
| Canon || Pixma MX535 || Yes, via network|| Yes, via network || Manjaro printer detects remote printer as mx530 & scanner and sets them up with no specific driver.|| Needs avahi and in my case ipv6 for some reason to be able to 'see' the printer (@hanzel on the forum)
|-
| Canon || PIXMA TR4522 || || || Needs: cnijfilter2 or cnijfilter2-bin from the [[Arch_User_Repository|AUR]] || || [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/installing-a-canon-pixma-tr4522/78221 forum post]
|-
| Canon || PIXMA TS5120 || Yes|| Yes || Scanner seems to work after CUPS and manjaro-printer, printing requires cnijfilter and selecting Canon TS5100 series drivers|| Needs: cnijfilter2 or cnijfilter2-bin from the [[Arch_User_Repository|AUR]] || ||
|-
| Epson|| WF-3825 driver || || || Needs: epson-inkjet-printer-escpr2 [[Arch_User_Repository|AUR]] || || [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/epson-wf-3825-driver/77910/5 Forum post]
|-
| Canon || Pixma Pro-100 || Yes, via network and local || Not a feature || manjaro-printer || Takes a moment to start printing, just be patient
|-
| Canon || ISensys || LBP223dw || Yes || || || [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/installation-canon-i-sensys-lbp223dw/80306 forum post]
|-
| Canon || Pixma E4270 || Yes via Network || not tested || Needs: cnijfilter2 or cnijfilter2-bin from the [[Arch_User_Repository|AUR]] || || [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/canon-pixma-e4270/86212 forum post]
|-
| Canon || Pixma G2100 || Yes || Yes || Plug& play || || [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/does-canon-printers-well-supported/87040/5 forum post]


|}


Table made from suggestion [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/printer-overview-and-functionality-on-manjaro/79794 here]

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GRUB/Restore the GRUB Bootloader

2021-12-14T05:09:59Z

Thenujan: changed the order so the visitor knows that there is an automated script before starting manual chroot .Bit confused if i should also change the numbers Please check T

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==Overview== 
In order to load the operating system, a Linux-capable boot loader such as GRUB, rEFInd or Syslinux needs to be installed to the Master Boot Record (MBR) or the GUID Partition Table (GPT) of the media containing the Operating System. Installations created using Manjaro ISO defaults to GRUB.


For various reasons - it happens the bootloader get's corrupted, erased or misconfigured resulting to a black screen with a failure message during boot, like '''No boot loaders found in /dev/...'''. To restore system operation without re-installing your OS or losing your data you will need to use your Manjaro installation media, such as, a CD/DVD or USB Flashdrive.
{{BoxSecondary|Archlinux Boot Process|More information about the boot process on Archlinux based distributions is available at [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_boot_process Archwiki]}}

==Preparation== 
Identify the type of system you are attempted to resque as the commands involved are slightly different.
* BIOS/MBR/GPT system
* EFI/GPT system

==Load Manjaro Installation Media== 
{{BoxSecondary|System Boot Override|To override system boot order the vendor has a dedicated key. Most laptop keyboard has multiple use for the function keys and the primary function may be reversed. In such case a <kbd>Fn</kbd> key must be used with the function key. If you don't know consult your system documentation. Manjaro ISO default usernames and passwords
<table>
<tr><th>Default Username</th><th>Default Password</th></tr>
<tr><td>manjaro</td><td>manjaro</td></tr>
<tr><td>root</td><td>manjaro</td></tr>
</table>
}}

==Identify partitions== 
To identify your partitions and their designated use you need to run a partition manager. Depending on environment there is various tools. GTK based ISO offers GpartEd, QT based ISO offers KParted and common to all is the CLI tools.
{{UserCmd|command=lsblk -o PATH,PTTYPE,PARTTYPE,FSTYPE,PARTTYPENAME}}
More comprehensive information can be found using {{ic|fdisk}} (requires superuser) and you can limit the probed device e.g. ''/dev/sda'' or ''/dev/nvme0n1''
{{UserCmd|command=sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda}}
The clues to look for is ''mbr'' vs. ''gpt'' and the presence of a small partition - usually the first - formatted with the ''vfat'' filesystem followed by a larger partition formatted as ''ext4''.


{{Important|This document and the content should '''never''' be used as a copy/paste resource. The remainder of this document will use pseudo names and partition numbering. Devices will be referred as '''/dev/sdy''' and partitions referred as '''/dev/sdyA''' and you will have to subtitute those with the real values from your system.}}

==Use root context== 
When you have loaded the live ISO - depending on environment - open a terminal and switch to ''root'' context. Use above mentioned root:password combination.
{{UserCmd|command=su}}

==Chroot environment== 
Chroot is a method to restrict various tasks to a restricted area e.g. package installation and other system maintenance tasks. Follow the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root link] to read more about chroot on the Arch wiki.
===Identify system partitions===
From the above we assume you have identified the relevant partitions on your system and this document will refer the partitions as follows. Partitions not needed for this kind of maintenance has intentionally been left out (e.g. ''home'', ''swap'').
{|
|-
! Partition !! Usage !! Comment
|-
| {{ic|/dev/sdyA}} || EFI system || Required for EFI system and mounted on ''/boot/efi''
|-
| {{ic|/dev/sdyB}} || boot || Optional but mounted on ''/boot'' The primary use is when GRUB cannot write to ''/'' (eg. ''f2fs'')
|-
| {{ic|/dev/sdyC}} || root || Required and for the root filesystem and mounted on ''/'' - usually formatted using ''ext4''
|}
{{Important|If your system is a BIOS/MBR system there is no efi partition. If your system is a BIOS/GPT system you will find an unformatted partion size 1-32MB of the bios boot partition type.}}

===Use manjaro-chroot=== 
Manjaro deploys a script called {{ic|manjaro-chroot}} takes an optional argument which will search the visible devices - scan the partitions for signs of an operating system. If more than one Linux operating system is found you will get a choice of which system to chroot otherwise the file ''/etc/fstab'' from the system is used to mount the partitions and chroot into this system.This script is only available in live iso by default but you can get it in an installed system by installing {{Ic|manjaro-tools-base}} package.
{{RootCmd|command=pamac install manjaro-tools-base}}
{{RootCmd|command=manjaro-chroot -a}}

===Manual chroot=== 
(Unnecessary if you have used {{ic|manjaro-chroot}})
Mount the partitions using the designated temporary mountpoint and '''always''' start with ''root''

{{RootCmd|command=mount /dev/sdyC /mnt}}
{{Important|With a [[Btrfs|BTRFS filesystem]], you should note that the subvolumes must be mounted. That would be in such a case:{{RootCmd|command=mount -o subvol=@ /dev/sdyC /mnt}}}}
Then - if applicable - mount ''boot''
{{RootCmd|command=mount /dev/sdyB /mnt/boot}}
Then - if applicable - mount ''efi''
{{RootCmd|command=mount /dev/sdyA /mnt/boot/efi}}
Create the chroot environment and use bash as shell
{{RootCmd|command=manjaro-chroot /mnt /bin/bash}}

==Reinstall GRUB== 
One possible cause why you are reading this document - is an unfinished update - which in turn can be caused by several situations - situation we will not dive into. To fix what ever caused this you should run a full system update including grub to ensure everything is in place.
{{RootCmd|command=pacman -Syu grub}}
When the transaction as completed continue below using the section matching your system
===BIOS System===
On a BIOS/GPT system there is no MBR and therefore no place to store the loader. The GPT partition specification allows for an unformatted partition of the BIOS boot partition type (0xEF02). The size of this partition can be as small as 1 mebibyte. The Calamares installer uses a fixed size of 32 mebibyte. On a BIOS/MBR system a part of the bootloader is written to the Master Boot Record for the primary disk.


The device is the '''disk''' ('''not a partition''')
{{RootCmd|command=grub-install --force --target=i386-pc --recheck --boot-directory=/boot /dev/sdy}}
Make sure the grub configuration is up-to-date
{{RootCmd|command=grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg}}

===EFI System=== 
{{Important|You need to be in chroot for this procedure.}}
Reinstall grub
{{RootCmd|command=grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
Update the grub configuration
{{RootCmd|command=grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg}}


{{BoxWarning|EFI grub install messages|EFI variables are not supported on this system.}}
Verify the existance of an EFI system partition
{{RootCmd|command=lsblk -o PATH,PTTYPE,PARTTYPE,FSTYPE,PARTTYPENAME}}
Verify the efi filesystem is loaded
{{RootCmd|command=ls /sys/firmware/efi}}
Exit chroot
{{RootCmd|command=exit}}
Try loading the efi filesystem
{{RootCmd|command=modprobe efivarfs}}
Re-enter chroot
{{RootCmd|command=manjaro-chroot /mnt /bin/bash}}
Then mount the efi filesystem
{{RootCmd|command=mount -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars}}
Verify the efi filesystem is loaded
{{RootCmd|command=ls /sys/firmware/efi}}
If successfull re-run above installation commands

==Troubleshooting== 
=== Arch Linux is not recognized ===
If Arch Linux wasn't recognized after an update-grub then probably your Arch installation is missing the package lsb-release.

==See also== 
* [http://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=UEFI_-_Install_Guide UEFI Install Guide]
* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB GRUB on Arch wiki]
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