Manjaro Difference between revisions of "File Systems"

Difference between revisions of "File Systems"

From Manjaro
(conversion to ext4, robustness, support)
(Intro reformulated)
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File systems that are mostly used under linux.
File systems that are mostly used under linux.


Be aware that a lot of filesystem-drivers are included into the Linux kernel. You may not need anything special to mount, read or write these filesystems. But there are packages with additional tools. You may need them to format, check, repair, modify or tune such filesystems.
Note that many file system drivers are already included in the Linux kernel. You may not need anything else to mount, read, or write these filesystems. But there are packages with additional tools. You may need them to format, check, repair, modify, or optimize such file systems. So if you regularly use a file system, it is a good idea to install the appropriate tools


=== Ext2 → Ext3 → Ext4 ===
=== Ext2 → Ext3 → Ext4 ===

Revision as of 06:52, 16 September 2021

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This page provides information on some of the file systems commonly used in Manjaro. It also shows where and how they are used. Further information on these and other file systems can be found in the ARCH Wiki

A file system manages the space on a storage medium (hard disk, SSD ...). It makes this memory available to the operating system so that files can be saved and read again. Each of the following file systems has advantages and disadvantages. They are mostly developed for a special purpose and are therefore used in a certain environment.

Linux

File systems that are mostly used under linux.

Note that many file system drivers are already included in the Linux kernel. You may not need anything else to mount, read, or write these filesystems. But there are packages with additional tools. You may need them to format, check, repair, modify, or optimize such file systems. So if you regularly use a file system, it is a good idea to install the appropriate tools

Ext2 → Ext3 → Ext4

Ext4 is the default file system in Manjaro at the moment. It is the evolution of the most used Linux filesystems (Ext3, Ext2) and promises improved design, better performance, reliability, and features over its predecessors.

If you are using Ext2 or Ext3, you can convert the partition to Ext4. Ext4 uses journaling, checksums and write barriers and is therefore more robust against damage.

Currently Ext4 is fully supported in Win10 and OsX. Support for ext4 has been built in since WSL is included in Win10 (2016).

see Ext4@ARCH-wiki, Ext4@wikipedia

Install

In manjaro e2fsprogs is already installed

Tips

For advanced optimizations see the Archwiki Ext4 article.

btrfs

A modern file system with a lot of advanced features. Its main advantage it to be a Copy-On-Write-filesystem

see btrfs@kernel.org, Btrfs@ARC-wiki, Btrfs@wikipedia

Install

user $ pamac install btrfs-progs COPY TO CLIPBOARD


reiserfs → reiser4

This was used some time ago in a few linux distros. You may need it if you move to manjaro and have to read data from such harddisks.

see Reiser4@ARCH-wiki, ReiserFS@wikipedia, Reiser4@wikipedia

Install

user $ pamac install reiserfsprogs reiser4progs COPY TO CLIPBOARD


Windows

File systems mostly used in windows

NTFS

This today is used by most windows installs

see NTFS@ARCH-wiki, NTFS@wikipedia

Install

user $ pamac install ntfs-3g COPY TO CLIPBOARD


DOS

File systems under DOS and early windows on a lot of floppydisks and USB-sticks

FAT → FAT32 → VFAT

You may find this filesystem on disks created under DOS or Windows9x. It is sometimes used to transport files from one operating system to another.

see FAT@ARCH-wiki, FAT@wikipedia

Install

user $ pamac install dosfstools COPY TO CLIPBOARD


exFAT

Microsoft created the exFAT (Extended File Alocation Table) to make up for the inadequacies of FAT32, as it can hold large files, large numbers of files & use very large partitions. Supported on Linux, Windows, MacOS and many other devices, it is one of the most compatible filesystems. A good choice when you need to share a removable device between many systems.

see ExFAT@wikipedia

Warning
exFAT FS does not use journaling. Data on such a filesystem is vulnerable to irreparable corruption due to improper ejection or power outage.

Install

user $ pamac install exfatprogs COPY TO CLIPBOARD


macOS

Filesystems mostly used in macOs

HFS → HFS+

see HFSPlus@wikipedia

Install from AUR

user $ pamac install hfsprogs COPY TO CLIPBOARD


Others

XFS

see XFS@ARCH-wiki

ZFS

see ZFS@ARCH-wiki

Comparisions

Possible usage of Filesystems
Filesystem manjaro Win10 OsX Win9x, DOS
ext2 ▷ ExtFS
ext3/4 ▷ ExtFS ?
btrfs ● btrfs-progs ▷ ExtFS, WinBtrfs - -
reiser3 ● reiser4progs ▷ RFSTool ? -
reiser4 ● reiserfs ? ? -
NTFS ○ ntfs-3g ?
FAT ● dosfstools
exFAT ● exfatprogs ? ?
HFS ○ hfsprogs (AUR) ?
XFS ? ▷ ExtFS ?
ZFS ? ? ?
■ = fully supported
● = fully supported, additional tools to install
○ = partially supported
▷ = possible via external tools
? = feel free to extend ;-)
Some important properties
Properties ext2 ext3 ext4 btrfs reiserfs XFS
journaling - ● ordered ● ordered ▶ 2.6
barriers - ?
checksum - - ◎ metadata ● full ?
kompression - - - ●,
zstd ▶ 4.14/5.1
-
encryption - - ▶ 4.13 -
snapshots - - - -
TRIM possible - - ▶ 2.6.33 ▶ 4.3
xattr, ACL ? ACL ACL ACL
small repair ● fsck ● fsck ● fsck ● auto reiserfsck
journal repair ● fsck ● fsck ● fsck ● auto 3.2
repair after power loss - ? ● tune2fs, fsck ● auto, scrub
since 1993 2001 2008 2009 2001

See also

Wikipedia:exFAT
Wikipedia:Comparison of file systems
Archwiki:File Systems

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