Manjaro Difference between pages "Printing" and "GRUB/Restore the GRUB Bootloader"

Difference between pages "Printing" and "GRUB/Restore the GRUB Bootloader"

From Manjaro
(Difference between pages)
imported>Dalto
m (Dalto moved page Printer Configuration to Printing: Merging two printing articles into one)
 
imported>Verityproductions
 
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= Overview =
= Overview =


{{note| Please review the '''[[Printing Enablement]]''' guide on how to install the necessary software and enable printing capabilities.}}
As with any Linux operating system, the GRUB ('''GR'''and '''U'''nified '''B'''ootloader) is responsible for booting up Manjaro. If for any reason your GRUB is not working - perhaps due to being corrupted, mis-configured, or even deleted - then it may not be necessary to reinstall Manjaro. '''The GRUB can instead be fully repaired and restored, retaining your installed Manjaro system'''.




Once the necessary printing software has been downloaded and the capacity to actually print has been enabled, the final step to start printing will of course be to actually add a printer in order to do so.
= Boot the Manjaro Installation Media =


'''1.''' Insert and boot your Manjaro installation media (e.g. CD/DVD or USB).


= Adding a Printer =
'''2.''' Select your '''preferred language''' (F2) and '''keyboard layout''' (F3).


Don't worry - there's no need to use the terminal here! In fact, assuming CUPS has been enabled (and started), upon connecting a printer, it should be automatically detected and configured for you to use. The process itself should take only about a minute. However, if the automatic detection and configuration doesn't seem to work, then your printer can be manually set up with relative ease. There are two methods to do so:
{{tip|Setting the language and keyboard layout are undertaken by pressing the ''Function'' (F) keys. As many computers have multiple functions assigned to each function key, it may be necessary to hold down another key first to use them. For example, on a HP G62 laptop, to use the function keys, the 'fn' key must first be pressed and held.}}




* '''Webpage Interface''': CUPS provides an webpage interface that will open in your default web browser to configure your printer. This interface also provides access to further information about CUPS, as well as on-line help.
'''3.''' Boot Manjaro Linux. It does not matter which boot option you choose, as the installation media is being used solely to repair/reinstate the GRUB, and not to install a fresh system.


* '''Desktop Interface''': A standard desktop wizard is also available, which should be instantly familiar to those who have configured a printer before, whether using Linux or another operating system such as windows.
'''4.''' Open the terminal or access the command line of the live CD.  


* '''From the desktop environment''': open the terminal from your desktop menu, or
* '''From the command line''' (e.g. NET-Edition or having used the ''Boot in Text mode'' option): enter the default username (manjaro) and password (manjaro) to log in.


== CUPS Webpage Interface ==


= Identify and Prepare the Installed Partition(s) =


[[File:CUPSweb.png|thumb|left|375px]]
'''1.''' Ensure that you are using the Root account, which is identified by a hash ('#') at the beginning of the command line, rather than a dollar ('$'). To switch to Root, enter the command:


sudo su


To access the webpage interface, select '''Manage Printing''' from your desktop menu. The interface will automatically open in your default web browser. Alternatively, you can also open your choice of web browser, and enter the following into the address bar:
{{tip|The password - if requested - will be ''manjaro''}}


http://localhost:631/


'''2.''' List your partitions. This is necessary in order to identify the partition your Manjaro system is installed on. If you have used a separate boot partition, it will be necessary to identify this as well. For a list of your paritions, enter the command:


{{tip|You can also just click the address provided above to access the CUPS web interface!}}
sudo blkid
<br clear="all" />




== CUPS Desktop Interface Part 1: The Automatic Method ==
In this particular instance, the partitions for the author's Manjaro system are as follows:


[[File:CUPS1.png|thumb|left|375px]]
* '''/dev/sda1''': Boot partition
* '''/dev/sda2''': Swap partition
* '''/dev/sda3''': Manjaro system
* '''/dev/sda4''': Space for personal files.


{{tip|You can also use an application called '''gparted''' from the desktop menu to look at your partitions. This can help you identify what they are, if you are unsure. For example, if a seperate partition for the GRUB exists, it should only be about 100MB in size.}}


'''1. Add your printer'''. Ensuring that your printer is properly connected and switched on, select '''Print Settings''' from your desktop menu. Once the ''Print Settings'' window has opened, click '''+ add''' to add a new printer.
<br clear="all" />


'''3.''' Mount your Manjaro system partition. The syntax to mount the Manjaro system partition is:


[[File:CUPS2.png|thumb|left|375px]]
mount /dev/'''[partition used for Manjaro system]''' /mnt




'''2. Select your printer name'''. Once the ''New Printer'' window has opened, under the '''Select Device''' heading, find the name of your printer and click to highlight it. If your printer is listed more than once, check the description on the right to ensure your selection is not for another function, such as scanning or faxing.
In this instance, as the Manjaro system partition is ''/dev/sda3'', this will be mounted using the following command:


mount /dev/'''sda3''' /mnt


'''3. Select your printer connection'''. Under the '''Connection''' heading, click to highlight your printer's connection method. As illustrated, this will usually always be 'USB'.
<br clear="all" />


'''IF''' you have used a seperate partition for your GRUB bootloader, then this must also be mounted. The syntax to mount a separate partition used to boot is:


[[File:CUPS3.png|thumb|left|375px]]
mount /dev/'''[partition used for GRUB]''' /mnt/boot




'''4. Install your printer driver'''. Once your printer name and connection have been highlighted, click the '''Forward''' button and CUPS will automatically search for the available drivers for it. In most instances, once the appropriate driver has been found it will be automatically installed, and the set-up process will have completed.
In this instance, a seperate partition - ''/dev/sda1'' - has been used for the GRUB, and will be mounted using the following command:


Otherwise, if the process did not succeed, it will be necessary to click the forward button again in order chose the appropriate driver yourself.
mount /dev/'''sda1''' /mnt/boot
<br clear="all" />


{{note|'''Again, if you do have not used a seperate boot partition, then it (obviously) does not need to be mounted!''' If you are not sure, then check the size of the partitions: a seperate partition used just for the GRUB should be the recommended size of 100MB.}}


== CUPS Desktop Interface Part 2: The Manual Method ==


'''3.''' Change to the root directory of your mounted partitions (i.e. so you are working from and using your installed system, rather than the live CD). To do so, it will be necessary to enter a series of command:


[[File:CUPS4.png|thumb|left|375px]]
mount -t proc proc /mnt/proc
mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/sys
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount -t devpts pts /mnt/dev/pts/
chroot /mnt




{{tip|CUPS will usually help you out by showing recommended choices for each step.}}
'''4.''' Install mtools and os-prober. mtools is a collection of tools to access Microsoft Operating Systems. os-prober is a utility that detects if there are any other operating systems present. Install them with the following command:


'''1. Select your printer make'''. If the Automatic method did not automatically find and install an appropriate driver for your printer, then clicking the forward button again will present the ''Chose Driver'' window. The first step is to select the make of your printer. As illustrated, as an HP printer is to be installed, the recommended choice of ''HP'' has been highlighted by clicking on it.
pacman -S mtools os-prober


Once your make of printer has been highlighted, click the forward button to proceed to the next step.
<br clear="all" />


= Restore the GRUB =


[[File:CUPS5.png|thumb|left|375px]]
'''1.''' Install a new GRUB bootloader


grub-install /dev/sda


'''2. Select your printer model'''. Under the left-heading '''models''', select the specific model of your printer. As illustrated, as the printer model to be installed in this instance is a Model 2210, the recommended choice of ''PSC 2210'' has been highlighted by clicking on it.


'''2.''' Recheck to ensure the that installation has completed without any errors.


'''3. Select your printer driver'''. At last! Under the right-heading '''Drivers''', select the appropriate driver for your printer. As illustrated, the recommended printer driver has been clicked to highlight it. '''It is advised that you also select whatever driver is recommended for you'''.
grub-install --recheck /dev/sda


Once your printer model and driver have been highlighted, click the forward button to proceed to the next step.
<br clear="all" />


'''3.''' Configure the freshly installed GRUB bootloader


[[File:CUPS6.png|thumb|left|375px]]
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg




'''4. Choose your printer name, description (optional), and location (optional)'''. Unless you want to change something, it will not be necessary to make any amendments here.
Once complete, close the terminal and reboot your system.
 
If you are happy with the information provided - or have made the desired changes - click the '''Apply''' button to complete the process.
<br clear="all" />
 
 
[[File:CUPS7.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
'''5. Configure your printer'''. Having clicked the Apply button in the previous step, your printer's properties will be displayed. By selecting the categories on the right-hand side, you can view information and amend your printer's settings if you wish. '''The standard settings will be fine for most people, so unless you have something specific in mind, there will be nothing you need to do'''.
 
 
'''6. Test your printer'''. Although optional, this step is highly recommended! Click the '''Print Test Page''' button to ensure that your printer is set up and working properly.
 
{{tip|Your printer properties can be accessed - and changed - at any time by selecting the '''Print Settings''' option from your menu, and then double-clicking your printer's icon.}}
 
That's it! Now click the '''OK''' button to close the window and start using your printer.
<br clear="all" />
 
 
= Configuring an Installed Printer =
 
To configure an installed printer at any time:
 
'''1.''' select the '''Print Settings''' option from your desktop menu, and
 
'''2.''' double-click the printer's icon.
 
The configuration window will appear. Select any of the categories on the left-hand side of the window to view the appropriate information and make any desired changes. Once complete, click the '''Apply''' and then '''OK''' buttons to confirm and save your changes, or click the '''Cancel''' button to close the window without making any changes.
 
 
= Removing an Installed Printer =
 
If for any reason you wish to remove a printer (e.g. to reinstall it), select the '''Print Settings''' option from your menu, right-click your printer's icon, and then select '''delete'''. You will need to confirm your decision to delete the printer, as well as enter your password to complete the task.
 




[[Category:Troubleshooting]]
[[Category:Contents Page]]
[[Category:Contents Page]]

Revision as of 21:23, 16 October 2012

Overview

As with any Linux operating system, the GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) is responsible for booting up Manjaro. If for any reason your GRUB is not working - perhaps due to being corrupted, mis-configured, or even deleted - then it may not be necessary to reinstall Manjaro. The GRUB can instead be fully repaired and restored, retaining your installed Manjaro system.


Boot the Manjaro Installation Media

1. Insert and boot your Manjaro installation media (e.g. CD/DVD or USB).

2. Select your preferred language (F2) and keyboard layout (F3).



Tip
Setting the language and keyboard layout are undertaken by pressing the Function (F) keys. As many computers have multiple functions assigned to each function key, it may be necessary to hold down another key first to use them. For example, on a HP G62 laptop, to use the function keys, the 'fn' key must first be pressed and held.


3. Boot Manjaro Linux. It does not matter which boot option you choose, as the installation media is being used solely to repair/reinstate the GRUB, and not to install a fresh system.

4. Open the terminal or access the command line of the live CD.

  • From the desktop environment: open the terminal from your desktop menu, or
  • From the command line (e.g. NET-Edition or having used the Boot in Text mode option): enter the default username (manjaro) and password (manjaro) to log in.


Identify and Prepare the Installed Partition(s)

1. Ensure that you are using the Root account, which is identified by a hash ('#') at the beginning of the command line, rather than a dollar ('$'). To switch to Root, enter the command:

sudo su



Tip
The password - if requested - will be manjaro


2. List your partitions. This is necessary in order to identify the partition your Manjaro system is installed on. If you have used a separate boot partition, it will be necessary to identify this as well. For a list of your paritions, enter the command:

sudo blkid


In this particular instance, the partitions for the author's Manjaro system are as follows:

  • /dev/sda1: Boot partition
  • /dev/sda2: Swap partition
  • /dev/sda3: Manjaro system
  • /dev/sda4: Space for personal files.



Tip
You can also use an application called gparted from the desktop menu to look at your partitions. This can help you identify what they are, if you are unsure. For example, if a seperate partition for the GRUB exists, it should only be about 100MB in size.


3. Mount your Manjaro system partition. The syntax to mount the Manjaro system partition is:

mount /dev/[partition used for Manjaro system] /mnt


In this instance, as the Manjaro system partition is /dev/sda3, this will be mounted using the following command:

mount /dev/sda3 /mnt


IF you have used a seperate partition for your GRUB bootloader, then this must also be mounted. The syntax to mount a separate partition used to boot is:

mount /dev/[partition used for GRUB] /mnt/boot


In this instance, a seperate partition - /dev/sda1 - has been used for the GRUB, and will be mounted using the following command:

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot


Note
Again, if you do have not used a seperate boot partition, then it (obviously) does not need to be mounted! If you are not sure, then check the size of the partitions: a seperate partition used just for the GRUB should be the recommended size of 100MB.


3. Change to the root directory of your mounted partitions (i.e. so you are working from and using your installed system, rather than the live CD). To do so, it will be necessary to enter a series of command:

mount -t proc proc /mnt/proc
mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/sys
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount -t devpts pts /mnt/dev/pts/
chroot /mnt


4. Install mtools and os-prober. mtools is a collection of tools to access Microsoft Operating Systems. os-prober is a utility that detects if there are any other operating systems present. Install them with the following command:

pacman -S mtools os-prober


Restore the GRUB

1. Install a new GRUB bootloader

grub-install /dev/sda


2. Recheck to ensure the that installation has completed without any errors.

grub-install --recheck /dev/sda


3. Configure the freshly installed GRUB bootloader

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


Once complete, close the terminal and reboot your system.

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