Manjaro Difference between pages "Compiz and Emerald" and "ManjaroISO"

Difference between pages "Compiz and Emerald" and "ManjaroISO"

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=What is ManjaroISO?=


= Overview =
ManjaroISO is a small set of bash scripts that is capable of building fully
functional Manjaro Linux based live medias. It is a very generic tool, so it
could potentially be used to generate anything from rescue systems,
to install disks, to special interest live CD systems, and who knows what
else. Simply put, if it involves Manjaro on a shiny coaster, it can do it.


{{warning|At present, Compiz Fusion is only compatible with the XFCE and KDE desktop environments. It will not work with Gnome / Cinnamon. It is also worth noting that if you are running Manjaro in Oracle's Virtualbox (i.e. in a virtual machine), Compiz may not work fully.}}
=How to get started?=


'''Compiz Fusion''' is a compositing manager that allows you to easily add a wide variety of fancy effects and animations to your desktop environment. Some of the more well known - and popular - examples include:
==Create a work directory==


* Turning the desktop into a 3D cube, cylinder, or sphere to switch between workspaces / virtual desktops
The first thing you should probably do is create a directory to work
* Wobbly and stretchy windows
in, and cd to it. This'll help keep things organized.
* Zooming in on the desktop


'''Emerald''' is a window decorator that allows for a wide variety new looks to be added to appplication windows. It also allows for decorations to be edited or even created from scratch. For now, there are plenty of existing Emerald themes that can be downloaded and used first.
  mkdir -p ~/work/manjaroiso


Using Compiz Fusion and Emerald together can produce some genuinely stunning-looking desktop environments. However, even if you choose to download and install them together, you can still very easily choose to use just one or the other with your desktop environment at any time. For more information about Compiz Fusion and Emerald, the Compiz wiki can be found [http://wiki.compiz.org here].
==Install ManjaroISO==


Next, install manjaroiso and its profiles.


<center> [[File:cube2.png]] [[File:expo.jpg]] </center>
  sudo pacman -S manjaroiso manjaroiso-profiles


Copy ManjaroISOs profiles to your work directory:


= Install Compiz Fusion and Emerald =
  cp -a /usr/share/manjaroiso/configs ~/work/manjaroiso


[[File: compiz_dependencies.png|thumb|left|375px]]
==Understanding ManjaroISO Profiles==


Depending on your ManjaroISO version you find followed directories:


Although it is possible to download and install them via the ''Add/Remove Software'' application provided with Manjaro, it is actually faster and easier to use the terminal, which will be used in this tutorial.
  build  cinnamon  e17  kde  lxde  mate  net  openbox  shared  sysmenu  xfce


{{Tip|pacman will automatically download dependencies, so it is not necessary to actually specify ALL the packages we need. For example, asking pacman to download and install Emerald's themes will automatically result in downloading Emerald itself, if not already installed. This is because Emerald is a dependency of the themes.}}
In this example we work with the '''e17''' folder. Change to it and take a look at the files and folders in it:


As illustrated, entering the command to install both Compiz Fusion and Emerald together for XFCE has resulted in pacman automatically pulling a few extra packages as dependencies of the ones specified (i.e. seven packages have been listed, but eleven are being downloaded in this instance).
Packages      isolinux        overlay          pacman-x86_64.conf
Packages-E17  isomounts        overlay-livecd    syslinux
Packages-Xorg  mkinitcpio.conf  pacman-gfx.conf
e17-overlay    options.conf    pacman-i686.conf


Once installed, it will not be necessary to reboot your machine; you can start setting them up straight away!
* Packages includes the common packages of all editions.
<br clear="all" />
* Packages-E17 includes all packages especially for the E17 Edition
* Packages-Xorg includes all common Xorg packages
* e17-overlay includes files and folders modified to get E17 Edition working
* isolinux includes isolinux.cfg file to start syslinux bootloader
* isomounts holds the information of all overlay-images and their bootorder
* mkinitcpio.conf holds the information of all needed modules need to be added to the live-media kernel
* options.conf defines basic settings for the live-media
* overlay includes common files and folders modified to get all edition working
* overlay-livecd includes common files and folders modified for all editions getting the live-session working
* pacman-gfx.conf includes the common pacman.conf file for pkgs-image overlay
* pacman-i686.conf includes the common pacman.conf for all 32bit Manjaro Editions
* pacman-x86_64.conf includes the common pacman.conf for all 64bit Manjaro Editions
* syslinux includes the bootloader for all Manjaro Editions


== Installation for XFCE ==
==Modifying E17 Profile==


* To install both Compiz Fusion and Emerald:
Following files and folders are important for the E17 Profile


sudo pacman -S ccsm compiz-core fusion-icon emerald-themes compiz-fusion-plugins-extra libcompizconfig compiz-manager
* Packages-E17
* e17-overlay
* overlay-livecd
* isomounts


== Installation for KDE ==
Current Packages-E17 file looks like this:


* To install both Compiz Fusion and Emerald:
### Manjaro Packages
## E17 Main Packages
enlightenment17
faenza-green-icon-theme
gksu
libgnomeui
lxdm
network-manager-applet
system-tools
xcursor-simpleandsoft
xcursor-vanilla-dmz-aa
## Applications
blueman
epdfview
midori
mplayer
gparted
#manjaro-installer
sylpheed
xchat
xnoise
## Packages for Sound and Audio
gstreamer0.10-bad-plugins
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
gstreamer0.10-ugly-plugins
## Package management
pacman-gui


sudo pacman -S ccsm compiz-core fusion-icon emerald-themes compiz-fusion-plugins-extra libcompizconfig compiz-manager compiz-decorator-kde
You can add any missing package like '''connman''', the E17 network manager, to this file and save it.


The '''e17-overlay''' folder looks like this atm:


= The Compiz Configuration Settings Manager (ccsm) =
e17-overlay
|-etc
|---skel
|-----.config
|-------epdfview
|-------gtk-2.0
|-------midori
|-----.local
|-------share
|---------applications
|---systemd
|-----system
|-usr
|---share
|-----icons
|-------default


It includes configuration files like etc/systemd/system/display-manager.service to define the used bootloader. You can change or add any files to that folder to get included to the installed Manjaro system and also added to the live-session if not overwritten by the same file in overlay-livecd.


[[File: ccsm.png|thumb|left|375px]]
The '''overlay-livecd''' folder looks like this atm:


overlay-livecd
|-etc
|---gdm
|---lightdm
|---manjaro
|---pam.d
|---samba
|---skel
|-----.config
|-------autostart
|-----.kde4
|-------share
|---------config
|-----Desktop
|---sudoers.d
|---systemd
|-----system
|-------multi-user.target.wants
|-root
|---.config
|-usr
|---bin
|---lib
|-----systemd
|-------system
|---sbin
|---share
|-----icons


This is where you can activate and tweak any and all of the special effects and animations you want. Although they are quite easy and straightforward to set up, there are a wide variety of options available, and an even wider variety of tweaks that can be done to them.  
Any file added to this folder gets only added to the live-session.


{{tip| It is worthwhile taking your time to explore what's available - you may end up being pleasantly surprised!}}
'''isomounts''' for E17 profile looks like this atm:


As illustrated, the Compiz Configuration Settings Manager itself can be found in the ''Settings'' section of your desktop menu. Alternatively, typing '''ccsm''' in XFCE's ''Application Finder'' or KDE's built-in search bar will also bring it up.
# manjaroiso isomounts file
<br clear="all" />
# img - location of image/directory to mount relative to addons directory
# arch - architecture of this image
# mount point - absolute location on the post-initrd root
# type - either 'bind' or 'squashfs' for now
# kernel argument (optional) - if the kernel argument is set the overlay will be loaded. Leave empty to ignore.  
# Sample kernel argument in syslinux: overlay=extra,extra2
# syntax: <img> <arch> <mount point> <type> <kernel argument>
# ORDER MATTERS! Files take top-down precedence. Be careful
#@ARCH@/pkgs-free-overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs free
#@ARCH@/pkgs-nonfree-overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs nonfree
@ARCH@/overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
#@ARCH@/lng-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/pkgs-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/e17-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/root-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs


== A note about 3D Cubes, Cylinders, and Spheres ==
It tells the kernel in which order it should load all overlay images. It will be done in a top-down precedence.


[[File:workspaces.png|thumb|left|375px]]
=Building an install-media=


After you have modified your profile you can build your install-media with buildiso:


{{tip| To activate this feature fully, you must enable Desktop Cube, Rotate Cube, and 3D windows in the Compiz Configuration Manager.}}
  sudo buildiso
 
'''1. Make sure you have enough workspaces / virtual desktops to form the 3D shape(s) you want'''. For the cube and sphere, you should have at least four workspaces  - try them with less and see what happens! For the cylinder, you should have at least three workspaces.
 
'''2. The number of workspaces set in the Compiz Configuration Manager <u>MUST</u> match the number of workspaces set in your XFCE or KDE desktop'''. For example, as illustrated, if you set three workspaces in Compiz, you must also set three workspaces in your desktop environment, and vice-versa. If there is a mismatch, applications placed on different workspaces may seem to disappear and/or there may be problems switching between the workspaces themselves.
 
The workspace settings of your desktop can be found in the ''Settings'' section of your desktop menu. Alternatively, typing '''workspace''' in XFCE's ''Application Finder'' or KDE's built-in search bar will also bring it up.
<br clear="all" />
 
[[File:ccsmworkspaces.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
The workspace settings of the Compiz Configuration Manager can be found by first going to ''General Options'', and then selecting the ''Desktop Size'' tab.
 
As illustrated, the horizontal virtual size setting is 3. This means that there are three virtual desktops sitting side by side (i.e. horizontally). This matches both the number and position of the three virtual desktops set in the XFCE desktop, as shown in the taskbar at the bottom of the screen. '''You can click on the image to enlarge it''' to see this; there are three squares representing the workspaces sitting side by side (i.e. horizontally) adjacent the time.
 
The remaining two options can just be set to 1, as they will multiply the number of desktops (e.g. if the vertical desktop size was also set to 2, then the total number of desktops would be 6 in this instance: 3 * 2 = 6)
 
<br clear="all" />
 
== A Note about Key Bindings ==
 
 
[[file:keybindings.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
''Key Bindings'' are also a very important element of Compiz. In fact, they will literally affect the way you use and enjoy the features provided. In essence, they are used to determine how certain effects are activated, such as by pressing certain keys together or by placing the mouse at a certain edge or corner of the screen.
 
{{tip| Many features will automatically activate, even if key bindings are listed for them. For example, the ability to have your application windows stretch like elastic will happen automatically when resizing them (if activated!), even though key bindings are listed to do so. It is also worth noting that not all key bindings need your attention; many can be ignored.}}
 
For example, as illustrated, the ''initiate'' key binding to activate the ability to turn the desktop into a cube/cylinder/sphere and rotate it has been changed. Whereas before a certain combination of keys had to be pressed, now all that needs to be done is to click in the top-right corner of the screen. The cube/cylinder/sphere can be rotated by just holding down the mouse button and moving the mouse. '''Only this key binding needs to be looked at. All the rest can be completely ignored!'''
 
<br clear="all" />
 
= The Emerald Theme Manager =
 
[[File:emeraldthemes.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
Thanks to having downloaded the emerald-themes package, there will be plenty of themes available to choose from. If the Fusion Icon has already been started (see below), then Emerald will be automatically activated as the window decorator, and clicking on any of the themes will instantly change your window decoration. As illustrated, selecting the ''Scaled_Black_Mod'' theme has changed Emerald's own window.
 
{{tip| '''You can also download many new Emerald themes from the internet, such as from [http://www.compiz-themes.org Compiz-Themes.org]'''. Once downloaded, they are very easy to import and use. To do so, once you've downloaded a theme:
 
'''1.''' Select the ''import'' button in the Emerald Theme Manager
 
'''2.''' Find the location of your downloaded theme (e.g. in the ''Downloads'' folder) and click to highlight it
 
'''3.''' Select Open
 
Now your selected theme has been imported into Emerald and is ready to use!}}
<br clear="all" />
 
= Using the Fusion Icon to Start Compiz and Emerald =
 
[[file: fusionmenu.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
Both Compiz and Emerald are activated through starting the Compiz Fusion Icon. This can be found in the ''System'' section of your desktop menu. Alternatively, typing '''fusion''' in XFCE's ''Application Finder'' or KDE's built-in search bar will also bring it up.
 
Upon being selected, your screen will momentarily flicker as Compiz and Emerald are activated, and the red and black Fusion icon itself will appear in your desktop's taskbar.
 
{{Note| Both Compiz and Emerald may also be turned on or off at will by first right-clicking the Compiz Fusion icon to bring up its menu, and then going to either ''Select Window Decorator'' for Emerald, or ''Select Window Manager'' for Compiz.
<br clear="all" />
 
[[file: fusionicon.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
Compiz itself can also be turned on or off at will by first right-clicking the Compiz Fusion icon to bring up its menu, and then going to the ''Select Window Manager'' option. As illustrated, compiz is currently active. However, it can be de-activated by simply selecting your own desktop's window manager, in this case xfwm4. The screen will again flicker for a moment as the native window manager takes back over.
 
<br clear="all" />
 
[[file: autostart.png|thumb|left|375px]]
 
 
'''To set Compiz as your default window manager and Emerald as your default window decorator''', the fusion icon must be added to the desktop's ''Application Autostart'' in the ''Session and Startup Settings''. This determines what programs and applications are automatically activated when the desktop starts. The Session and Startup settings of your desktop can be found in the ''Settings'' section of your desktop menu. Alternatively, typing ''session'' in XFCE's ''Application Finder'' or KDE's built-in search bar will also bring it up. Once open, select the ''Application Autostart'' tab, and click the ''Add'' button.
 
'''1.''' In the name field type '''fusion-icon'''
 
'''2.''' In the command field type: '''fusion-icon'''
 
'''3.''' Click OK
 
The Fusion Icon should now appear near the bottom of the list. Ensure that the check-box next to it is activated, and then close the application window. Compiz and Emerald will now start automatically every time!
<br clear="all" />

Revision as of 09:22, 24 July 2013

What is ManjaroISO?

ManjaroISO is a small set of bash scripts that is capable of building fully functional Manjaro Linux based live medias. It is a very generic tool, so it could potentially be used to generate anything from rescue systems, to install disks, to special interest live CD systems, and who knows what else. Simply put, if it involves Manjaro on a shiny coaster, it can do it.

How to get started?

Create a work directory

The first thing you should probably do is create a directory to work in, and cd to it. This'll help keep things organized. 

 mkdir -p ~/work/manjaroiso

Install ManjaroISO

Next, install manjaroiso and its profiles. 

 sudo pacman -S manjaroiso manjaroiso-profiles

Copy ManjaroISOs profiles to your work directory: 

 cp -a /usr/share/manjaroiso/configs ~/work/manjaroiso

Understanding ManjaroISO Profiles

Depending on your ManjaroISO version you find followed directories: 

 build  cinnamon  e17  kde  lxde  mate  net  openbox  shared  sysmenu  xfce

In this example we work with the e17 folder. Change to it and take a look at the files and folders in it: 

Packages       isolinux         overlay           pacman-x86_64.conf
Packages-E17   isomounts        overlay-livecd    syslinux
Packages-Xorg  mkinitcpio.conf  pacman-gfx.conf
e17-overlay    options.conf     pacman-i686.conf
  • Packages includes the common packages of all editions.
  • Packages-E17 includes all packages especially for the E17 Edition
  • Packages-Xorg includes all common Xorg packages
  • e17-overlay includes files and folders modified to get E17 Edition working
  • isolinux includes isolinux.cfg file to start syslinux bootloader
  • isomounts holds the information of all overlay-images and their bootorder
  • mkinitcpio.conf holds the information of all needed modules need to be added to the live-media kernel
  • options.conf defines basic settings for the live-media
  • overlay includes common files and folders modified to get all edition working
  • overlay-livecd includes common files and folders modified for all editions getting the live-session working
  • pacman-gfx.conf includes the common pacman.conf file for pkgs-image overlay
  • pacman-i686.conf includes the common pacman.conf for all 32bit Manjaro Editions
  • pacman-x86_64.conf includes the common pacman.conf for all 64bit Manjaro Editions
  • syslinux includes the bootloader for all Manjaro Editions

Modifying E17 Profile

Following files and folders are important for the E17 Profile

  • Packages-E17
  • e17-overlay
  • overlay-livecd
  • isomounts

Current Packages-E17 file looks like this: 

### Manjaro Packages

## E17 Main Packages
enlightenment17
faenza-green-icon-theme
gksu
libgnomeui
lxdm
network-manager-applet
system-tools
xcursor-simpleandsoft
xcursor-vanilla-dmz-aa

## Applications
blueman
epdfview
midori
mplayer
gparted
#manjaro-installer
sylpheed
xchat
xnoise

## Packages for Sound and Audio
gstreamer0.10-bad-plugins
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
gstreamer0.10-ugly-plugins

## Package management
pacman-gui

You can add any missing package like connman, the E17 network manager, to this file and save it.

The e17-overlay folder looks like this atm: 

e17-overlay
|-etc
|---skel
|-----.config
|-------epdfview
|-------gtk-2.0
|-------midori
|-----.local
|-------share
|---------applications
|---systemd
|-----system
|-usr
|---share
|-----icons
|-------default

It includes configuration files like etc/systemd/system/display-manager.service to define the used bootloader. You can change or add any files to that folder to get included to the installed Manjaro system and also added to the live-session if not overwritten by the same file in overlay-livecd.

The overlay-livecd folder looks like this atm: 

overlay-livecd
|-etc
|---gdm
|---lightdm
|---manjaro
|---pam.d
|---samba
|---skel
|-----.config
|-------autostart
|-----.kde4
|-------share
|---------config
|-----Desktop
|---sudoers.d
|---systemd
|-----system
|-------multi-user.target.wants
|-root
|---.config
|-usr
|---bin
|---lib
|-----systemd
|-------system
|---sbin
|---share
|-----icons

Any file added to this folder gets only added to the live-session.

isomounts for E17 profile looks like this atm: 

# manjaroiso isomounts file
# img - location of image/directory to mount relative to addons directory
# arch - architecture of this image
# mount point - absolute location on the post-initrd root
# type - either 'bind' or 'squashfs' for now
# kernel argument (optional) - if the kernel argument is set the overlay will be loaded. Leave empty to ignore. 
# Sample kernel argument in syslinux: overlay=extra,extra2

# syntax: <img> <arch> <mount point> <type> <kernel argument>

# ORDER MATTERS! Files take top-down precedence. Be careful

#@ARCH@/pkgs-free-overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs free
#@ARCH@/pkgs-nonfree-overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs nonfree
@ARCH@/overlay.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
#@ARCH@/lng-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/pkgs-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/e17-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs
@ARCH@/root-image.sqfs @ARCH@ / squashfs

It tells the kernel in which order it should load all overlay images. It will be done in a top-down precedence.

Building an install-media

After you have modified your profile you can build your install-media with buildiso: 

 sudo buildiso
Retrieved from "https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Compiz_and_Emerald&oldid=4716"
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