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| [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC OpenRC] is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system maintained by the Gentoo developers.
| | {{Out of date|OpenRC is no longer supported --Frede H. 08:41, 25 September 2020 (CEST)}} |
| OpenRC is a dependency based init system that works with the system provided init program, normally [http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/sysvinit sysvinit]. It is not a replacement for sysvinit.
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| It can be used as an alternative to [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ systemd], for users that like more control over their system and do not want all the features that systemd provides and automatically activates.
| | __TOC__ |
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| == Installation == | | ==Unsupported on Manjaro== |
| | {{Important|Manjaro does no longer support OpenRC}} |
| | ==Replacement== |
| | {{Important|If you are looking for OpenRC capable Arch have a look at [https://artixlinux.org Artix Linux]}} |
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| OpenRC is available from the the Manjaro repositories. It can be installed as: | | ==What is OpenRC== |
| | [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC OpenRC] is a dependency based [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Init init] system maintained by the Gentoo developers, that works with the system provided init program, normally [http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/sysvinit sysvinit]. It is not a replacement for sysvinit. |
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| sudo pacman -S openrc-base
| | It is an alternative to [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ systemd] for users that like more control over their system, and do not want all the features that systemd provides and automatically activates. |
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| The output of the above command looks like the following:
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| $ sudo pacman -S openrc-base
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| :: There are 10 members in group openrc-base:
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| :: Repository community
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| 1) cronie-openrc 2) cryptsetup-openrc 3) dbus-openrc
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| 4) device-mapper-openrc 5) dhcpcd-openrc 6) glibc-openrc
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| 7) inetutils-openrc 8) lvm2-openrc 9) mdadm-openrc 10) openrc-core
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| Enter a selection (default=all):
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| resolving dependencies...
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| looking for inter-conflicts...
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| :: openrc-core and systemd-sysvcompat are in conflict. Remove systemd-sysvcompat? [y/N] y
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| Packages (12): systemd-sysvcompat-212-3 [removal] sysvinit-2.88-15
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| cronie-openrc-20140614-1 cryptsetup-openrc-20140614-1
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| dbus-openrc-20140614-1 device-mapper-openrc-20140614-1
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| dhcpcd-openrc-20140614-1 glibc-openrc-20140614-1
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| inetutils-openrc-20140614-1 lvm2-openrc-20140614-1
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| mdadm-openrc-20140614-1 openrc-core-0.12.4-16
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|
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| Total Download Size: 0.22 MiB
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| Total Installed Size: 1.19 MiB
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| :: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
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| After installing the ''openrc-base'' package group, OpenRC should boot by default instead of systemd.
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| Note that it will boot to a command line, as the service for a graphical display manager has not yet been installed.
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| On installing ''openrc-base'', you may get messages like:
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| run 'rc-update add cronie default'
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| run 'rc-update add dhcpcd default'
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| Running these command(s) adds the service(s) to the specified runlevels. For example if you run:
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| sudo rc-update add cronie default
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| Then the cronie service would be added to the default runelevel and would automatically be started at boot.
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| === Additional packages ===
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| ==== Display Manager ====
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| To boot to a graphical display manager, install the '''displaymanager-openrc''' package, and edit the ''/etc/conf.d/xdm'' file to specify your display manager. For example, to use '''lightdm''', change the line
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| DISPLAYMANAGER="xdm"
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| to
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| DISPLAYMANAGER="lightdm"
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| '''Note:'''
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| ''lightdm'' and a ''lightdm-greeter'' should be installed to use lightdm as display manager.
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| An alternative to ''lightdm'' that I find simpler is [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/LXDM LXDM]. However the version in the repos does not automatically start a ck-session on login; alternative [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/lxdm-consolekit/ lxdm-consolekit] from the [[AUR]] can be used.
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| For more info about consolekit, have a look at the [[Openrc#Consolekit | Consolekit]] section.
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| ==== Audio (ALSA) ====
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| The '''alsa-utils-openrc''' package can be installed. After installing it, run:
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| sudo rc-update add alsasound default
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| to automatically start ''alsa'' at boot.
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| ==== Network Manager ====
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| By default ''dhcpcd'' is enabled via [http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=4&chap=3 netifrc]. However if you use Wifi to connect to the internet, or need a graphical network applet, then '''networkmanager-openrc''' can be installed.
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| ''networkmanager-openrc'' replaces the normal networkmanager package in the repos. Also, it requires ''consolekit'' and ''polkit-consolekit'', which replaces the normal polkit from the repos.
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| ==== Consolekit ====
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| The '''consolekit-openrc''' package can be installed. Consolekit supports multi-user setups, mounting of partitions by unauthorized users, etc. See the [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/ConsoleKit Gentoo-Wiki] for more details.
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| Only caveat of installing consolekit is that it requires ''polkit-consolekit'', which conflicts with the normal polkit; so if you boot to systemd you wont be able to mount partitions if you are not in the storage group.
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| However using the command line, or as root user, one can mount any partition or perform most functions that are made available to the normal user via polkit. See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Polkit Arch-wiki] for more details.
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| Consolekit also allows a normal (non-root) user to shutdown or restart the system if the desktop environment supports it.
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| See the [[Openrc#Using_Consolekit | Using Consolekit]] section on how to install and for more info.
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| ==== openrc-desktop ====
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| The ''openrc-desktop'' package group can be used to install most of the above desktop related packages in one go. For example:
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| $ sudo pacman -S openrc-desktop
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| :: There are 6 members in group openrc-desktop:
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| :: Repository community
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| 1) acpid-openrc 2) alsa-utils-openrc 3) avahi-openrc 4) consolekit-openrc
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| 5) displaymanager-openrc 6) gpm-openrc
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| Enter a selection (default=all):
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| resolving dependencies...
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| looking for inter-conflicts...
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| Packages (6): acpid-openrc-20140614-1 alsa-utils-openrc-20140614-1
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| avahi-openrc-20140614-1 consolekit-openrc-20140614-1
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| displaymanager-openrc-20140614-1 gpm-openrc-20140614-1
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| Total Installed Size: 0.12 MiB
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| Net Upgrade Size: 0.00 MiB
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| :: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
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| ==== Others ====
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| For acpi support '''acpid-openrc''' can be installed and enabled.
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| To suspend and hibernate via the command line, '''pm-utils''' can be installed. You may also need the '''upower-pm-utils''' package if suspend and hibernate does not work. See the [[Using_OpenRC,_an_alternative_to_systemd#Troubleshooting | troubleshooting]] for some issues you may face.
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| == Configuration ==
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| === Adding or Removing services ===
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| Services can be added to startup with:
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| sudo rc-update add <service>
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| A service can be removed from startup with:
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| sudo rc-update del <service>
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| === Check running services ===
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| To check what services are running, one can type:
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| rc-status
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| === Start / stop / restart services ===
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| To start / stop / restart services ''immediately'', the '''rc-service''' command can be used. For example:
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| sudo rc-service networkmanager restart
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| == Using Consolekit ==
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| Additionally, if not already done, [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/ConsoleKit consolekit] can be installed to perform root actions like shutting down or restarting system as non-root user from your Desktop Environment.
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| Consolekit can be installed in the following way:
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| sudo pacman -S consolekit-openrc
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| The output looks like the following:
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| $ sudo pacman -S consolekit-openrc
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| [sudo] password for aaditya:
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| resolving dependencies...
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| looking for inter-conflicts...
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| :: polkit-consolekit and polkit are in conflict. Remove polkit? [y/N] y
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| Packages (5): consolekit-0.4.6-4 js185-1.0.0-2 polkit-0.112-2 [removal]
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| polkit-consolekit-0.112-2 consolekit-openrc-20140614-1
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|
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| Total Download Size: 1.90 MiB
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| Total Installed Size: 10.67 MiB
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| Net Upgrade Size: 9.08 MiB
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| :: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
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| To check that consolekit is running and a ck-session was started, the following command can be used:
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| ck-list-sessions
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| The output looks like the following:
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| Session1:
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| unix-user = '1000'
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| realname = 'Aaditya Bagga'
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| seat = 'Seat1'
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| session-type = ''
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| active = TRUE
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| x11-display = ':0'
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| x11-display-device = '/dev/tty7'
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| display-device = ''
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| remote-host-name = ''
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| is-local = TRUE
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| on-since = '2014-06-15T13:29:58.652929Z'
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| login-session-id = ''
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| If you are not getting similar output, then maybe a ck-session is not being started by your display manager.
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| === Some gotcha's ===
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| Dsplay managers that are known to work with consolekit are '''lightdm''', '''lxdm''' (via [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/lxdm-consolekit/ lxdm-consolekit]), and '''kdm''' (via [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/kdebase-workspace-consolekit/ kdebase-workspace-consolekit]). Have a look at the [[Openrc#Display_Manager | Display Manager]] section for more info.
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| If you start a graphical session from the command line, [http://bbs.archbang.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1394#p1394 this forum post] may be of some help.
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| If you use Openbox or another Window Manager along with [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Oblogout oblogout], then [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/oblogout-consolekit/ oblogout-consolekit] from the AUR can be used for having a graphical logout interface.
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| == Replacing systemd with eudev (advanced users) ==
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| With OpenRC being used as init system, the role of systemd is reduced to that of a [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Udev udev] provider, and for compatibility reasons.
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| [http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/eudev/ eudev], developed by the Gentoo folks, can be used as replacement. Note that removing systemd could cause some incompatibilities with existing software. The steps to install eudev are as follows:
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| Step 1) Install ''eudev-openrc'' (along with ''eudev-systemdcompat''):
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| sudo pacman -S eudev-openrc eudev-systemdcompat
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| The output looks like the following:
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| $ sudo pacman -S eudev-openrc eudev-systemdcompat
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| resolving dependencies...
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| looking for inter-conflicts...
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| :: eudev-systemdcompat and systemd are in conflict. Remove systemd? [y/N] y
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| :: eudev-systemdcompat and libsystemd are in conflict. Remove libsystemd? [y/N] y
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| Packages (6): eudev-1.9-1 libeudev-1.9-1 libsystemd-212-2 [removal]
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| systemd-212-2 [removal] eudev-openrc-20140712-1
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| eudev-systemdcompat-215-1
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|
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| Total Download Size: 0.93 MiB
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| Total Installed Size: 6.38 MiB
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| Net Upgrade Size: -10.84 MiB
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|
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| :: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
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| After the above steps systemd would be uninstalled and replaced by eudev and its counterparts.
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| Note the optional dependencies for ''eudev'':
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| Optional dependencies for eudev
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| upower-pm-utils: pm-utils support
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| The upower-pm-utils package can be installed in order to be able to suspend and hibernate the system.
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| === Possible issues ===
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| After uninstalling systemd, I could not login to my xfce4-session, as it was complied for systemd. Hence I had to install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/xfce4-session-consolekit/ xfce4-session-consolekit] from the AUR to get it working.
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| I also had to downgrade ''xfce4-power-manager'' to version 1.2.0-5 (or less) to get it working (available [http://sourceforge.net/projects/mefiles/files/Manjaro/openrc-eudev/ here]).
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| I had to rebuild [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/gvfs-nosystemd/ gvfs] as my unmounted partitions were not being displayed.
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| {{Warning|If you want to reinstall systemd again, you can try the command '''sudo pacman -S --force systemd libsystemd'''. The ''--force'' flag is used because of some file conflicts between the libsystemd and libeudev packages. You may need to remove packages depending on eudev before executing this command.}}
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| == Troubleshooting ==
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| === Boot warnings/errors ===
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| When booting, you may get errors like:
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| tmpfiles: ignoring invalid entry on line 32 of `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d//legacy.conf'
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| tmpfiles: ignoring invalid entry on line 33 of `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d//legacy.conf'
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| tmpfiles: ignoring invalid entry on line 34 of `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d//legacy.conf'
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| tmpfiles: ignoring invalid entry on line 11 of `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d//systemd-nologin.conf'
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| tmpfiles: ignoring invalid entry on line 18 of `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d//x11.conf'
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| To correct, I removed the lines referenced in the above files. These errors have been fixed by the developers on [https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/issues/17 github], and should be available in the next release.
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| {{Tip|The boot logs for OpenRC are stored in ''/var/log/rc.log''}}
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|
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| === Enable Swap (for GPT partitions) ===
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| If you were using systemd on a GPT partitioned hard disk, then you may need to enable swap via ''/etc/fstab''. This is so because systemd handled swap automatically on GPT partitions, and gave error if it was mounted via fstab.
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| I added the following entry to my ''/etc/fstab''
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| # /dev/sda10
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| UUID=0c3e9434-bc5c-461c-a5e4-4e9fe5f9a149 swap swap sw 0 0
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|
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| === Using tmpfs ===
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| systemd used to set a ''tmpfs'' by default; to set it manually via ''/etc/fstab'', I added the following lines:
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| tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
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| See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab#tmpfs Arch Wiki] for more details.
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|
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| === Module auto-loading ===
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| For OpenRC, the '''modules to be loaded at boot''' are specified in ''/etc/conf.d/modules'' rather than being present as individual files in ''/etc/modules-load.d''
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| The required modules can be manually moved over.
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| An example ''/etc/conf.d/modules'' file looks like the following:
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| # You should consult your kernel documentation and configuration
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| # for a list of modules and their options.
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| modules="vboxdrv"
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|
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| === Setting hostname ===
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| If your hostname is being displayed as '''localhost''' even if there a different hostname in ''/etc/hostname'', then you probably need to change your hostname in ''/etc/conf.d/hostname''
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| === Setting keymap ===
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| The keymap can be set via editing {{ic|'''/etc/conf.d/keymaps}}
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| For setting consolefont edit {{ic|'''/etc/conf.d/consolefont}}
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| === Shutting down / rebooting ===
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| To shutdown the system, the {{ic|'''poweroff'''}} command can be used.
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| Similarly to reboot, the {{ic|'''reboot'''}} command can be used.
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| === X does not start from a virtual terminal ===
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| With Xorg-1.16, Arch Linux decided to make X rootless using systemd-logind [https://www.archlinux.org/news/xorg-server-116-is-now-available/].
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| This means that using {{ic|startx}} from a virtual terminal will possibly not work for users of OpenRC init system.
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| The workaround is to create a file {{ic|/etc/X11/Xwrapper.config}} with the contents:
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| # Xorg.wrap configuation file
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| needs_root_rights = yes
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| Reference: [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1441150#p1441150 Arch forum]
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|
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| === Get warning messages about / not being mounted ro at shutdown ===
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|
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| Try downgrading '''util-linux''' to version 2.24.1-6, using [[downgrade]] or [https://sourceforge.net/projects/mefiles/files/Manjaro/openrc-eudev/ this repo].
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| == Further Reading == | | == Further Reading == |
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| [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Openrc The Arch Wiki] | | * [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Openrc The Arch Wiki] |
| | | * [http://blog.notfoss.com/posts/openrc-on-arch-linux/ OpenRC on Arch Linux] |
| [http://blog.notfoss.com/posts/openrc-on-arch-linux/ OpenRC on Arch Linux] | | * [http://systemd-free.org/ systemd-free.org] |
| | | * [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:X86/Working/Initscripts Initscripts] |
| [http://abchk1234.wordpress.com/2014/06/03/using-openrc-on-arch-archbang-manjaro-linux/ Using OpenRC on Arch / Archbang / Manjaro Linux] | | * [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki//etc/local.d /etc/local.d] |
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| == Support ==
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| Following is a link to this page's forum counterpart where you can post any related feedback: [https://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=14080.0]
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| [[Category:Contents Page]] | | [[Category:Obsolete]] |
