فِلَت‌پَک

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نگاه کلّی

فلَت‌پک شیوه‌ای مستقل از توزیع، برای بسته‌بندی و توزیع‌کردن نرم‌افزارهای لینوکسی است.

استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای توزیع شده با فلَت‌پک، مزایای مختلفی دارد:

نرم‌افزاری که با کتابخانه‌های کنونی سامانه سازگار نیست، در صورتی که توسط فلَت‌پک بسته‌بندی شده باشد، همچنان کار می‌کند.

There are some other considerations to be aware of:

Flatpaks are not updated as part of your system updates, they must be updated separately
Only themes that have been ported to Flatpak will work with Flatpaks
A large set of shared runtimes will need to be installed to use Flatpaks

نصب فلَت‌پک

فلَت‌پک، در مخازن مانجارو به عنوان flatpak، با libpamac-flatpak-plugin (که به منظور فعّال کردن پشتیبانی از فلَت‌پک‌ها در محیط گرافیکی کاربر پَمَک استفاده می‌شود) در دسترس است و می‌توانید با استفاده از مدیر بستهٔ مورد علاقه‌تان یا دستور زیر، آن را نصب کنید:

user $  pamac install flatpak libpamac-flatpak-plugin COPY TO CLIPBOARD

استفاده از فلَت‌پک

مدیریت فلَت‌پک‌ها با «دیسکاوِر (Discover)»

یک روش برای مدیریت فلَت‌پک‌هایتان استفاده از کارهٔ دیسکاوِر از پروژهٔ کی‌دی‌ئی است. شما می‌توانید بستهٔ discover را با استفاده از مدیر بستهٔ مورد علاقه‌تان یا دستور زیر نصب کنید:

user $  pamac install discover COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Once installed you can run Discover and you will be able to browse, install and update Flatpaks with a familiar store interface.

Tip

Discover can also install and update software from the Manjaro repos if you install the package packagekit-qt5

Managing Flatpaks via Gnome Software

One way to manage your Flatpaks is with the application Gnome Software from the Gnome project. You can install the package gnome-software with your favorite package manager or the command:

user $  pamac install gnome-software COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Once installed you can run Software and you will be able to browse, install and update Flatpaks with a familiar store interface.

Tip

Gnome Software can also install and update software from the Manjaro repos

Managing Flatpaks via the CLI

Finding and Installing Flatpaks

You can use the command flatpak search to search for available Flatpaks. For example, if you wanted to install VLC here is what it might look like:

user $  flatpak search vlc COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Name                                                Description                                                                Application ID                               Version              Branch               Remotes
MakeMKV plugin for VLC                              Provides MakeMKV features for direct Blu-ray playback in VLC.              org.videolan.VLC.Plugin.makemkv                                   3-18.08              flathub
Bluray Java menus (BDJ) plugin for VLC              Provides Bluray Java menus (BDJ) support in VLC.                           org.videolan.VLC.Plugin.bdj                                       3-18.08              flathub
VLC                                                 VLC media player, the open-source multimedia player                        org.videolan.VLC                                                  stable               flathub
FDK-AAC Encoding Plugin for VLC                     Provides better AAC encoding and HE profiles support.                      org.videolan.VLC.Plugin.fdkaac                                    3-1.6                flathub

From this output we can see that VLC and some related applications via Flatpak. To install VLC, we would use it's "Application ID", shown above with the command

user $  flatpak install org.videolan.VLC COPY TO CLIPBOARD

This will install the application as well as any required run-times. Once the application is installed you should be able to run it from your menu as you would with any application.

Displaying Detailed Flatpak Information

You can get more details about a specific Flatpak using the command flatpak info. For example:

user $  flatpak info org.videolan.VLC COPY TO CLIPBOARD

VLC - VLC media player, the open-source multimedia player   
          ID: org.videolan.VLC
         Ref: app/org.videolan.VLC/x86_64/stable
        Arch: x86_64
      Branch: stable
     License: GPL-2.0+
      Origin: flathub
  Collection: org.flathub.Stable
Installation: system
   Installed: 81.4 MB
     Runtime: org.kde.Platform/x86_64/5.12
         Sdk: org.kde.Sdk/x86_64/5.12 
      Commit: 87a8e23cefe6c3f4962d303d3724db399872e68379a52b7553089f5540c9a883
      Parent: 8f0c0e0bd79bfeb8748bb53e8476ee1f2deffc0e131ea5fb2890505e449df8a2
     Subject: Update shared-modules for udev (d3f66ebc)
        Date: 2019-05-06 13:30:44 +0000

Getting installed Flatpaks

To show a list of all the Flatpaks and run-times that are currently installed you can use the command:

user $  flatpak list COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Updating Flatpaks

Updating your collection of Flatpaks is a simple process. Simply run the command:

user $  flatpak upgrade COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Removing Flatpaks

You can remove Flatpaks with the command flatpak uninstall. For example:

user $  flatpak uninstall org.videolan.VLC COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Removing Flatpak Support

If you no longer wish to have support for the Flatpack in your system you can remove it from the system by simply removing the package flatpak with your favorite package manager or with the command

user $  pamac remove flatpak COPY TO CLIPBOARD

To also remove any installed Flatpaks you need to remove the directories containing them. These are /var/lib/flatpak and ~/.local/share/flatpak. For example, you could use the command

user $  sudo rm -r /var/lib/flatpak COPY TO CLIPBOARD

user $  rm -r ~/.local/share/flatpak COPY TO CLIPBOARD