Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/zh-cn"

= 前言 =

= 前言 =

  standards which merged. It does not include the old EFI v1,  

  standards which merged. It does not include the old EFI v1,  

  or Apple's own non-standard version of EFI.

  or Apple's own non-standard version of EFI.

= Target computer =

= Target computer =

The following guide aims to install Manjaro on a machine with UEFI enabled, Secure boot disabled, and using GUID Partition Table (GPT) disk(s).

The following guide aims to install Manjaro on a machine with UEFI enabled, Secure boot disabled, and using GUID Partition Table (GPT) disk(s).

For multi-boot, the EFI system partition which is already present (or will be created), can usually be shared amongst multiple Linux installs.

For multi-boot, the EFI system partition which is already present (or will be created), can usually be shared amongst multiple Linux installs.

= The steps =

= The steps =

== Common ==

== Common ==

* 2. Burn the .iso to USB or DVD. See [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] for more details.

* 2. Burn the .iso to USB or DVD. See [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] for more details.

* 3. Check your BIOS, UEFI must be ON and Secure boot OFF.

* 3. Check your BIOS, UEFI must be ON and Secure boot OFF.

* 4. Boot with your USB or DVD & use the rEFInd - Main Menu... to choose which GPU drivers you want to have installed, the open-source or proprietary:

* 4. Boot with your USB or DVD & use the rEFInd - Main Menu... to choose which GPU drivers you want to have installed, the open-source or proprietary:

   This chooses the ''open-source - free'' GPU drivers.

   This chooses the ''open-source - free'' GPU drivers.

  * Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) -  

  * Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) -  

   This option chooses the '''proprietary''' GPU drivers

   This option chooses the '''proprietary''' GPU drivers

   from Nvidia or ATI.

   from Nvidia or ATI.

=== Graphical Installer ===

=== Graphical Installer ===

{{BoxSuccess|tip|Since Manjaro-0.8.9, UEFI support is also provided in the Graphical Installer, so one can simply try the Graphical installer and skip the instructions given below for the CLI installer.}}

{{BoxSuccess|tip|Since Manjaro-0.8.9, UEFI support is also provided in the Graphical Installer, so one can simply try the Graphical installer and skip the instructions given below for the CLI installer.}}

To use the Graphical Installer select the '''Install Manjaro''' option from the Manjaro Welcome screen or from the desktop.

To use the Graphical Installer select the '''Install Manjaro''' option from the Manjaro Welcome screen or from the desktop.

For the ESP (EFI system partition) which will store the EFI Grub binary, a 512mb partition of type fat32 can be created in the partitioning step, and mounted to ''/boot/efi''

For the ESP (EFI system partition) which will store the EFI Grub binary, a 512mb partition of type fat32 can be created in the partitioning step, and mounted to ''/boot/efi''

If you are dual booting then an EFI partition from a previous install can also be used.

If you are dual booting then an EFI partition from a previous install can also be used.

=== CLI installer ===

=== CLI installer ===

* 5-b. Open terminal & enter:

* 5-b. Open terminal & enter:

{{UserCmd|command=sudo setup}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo setup}}

* 7. ''Choose 1.'' Set date and time - an easy intuitive configuration.

* 7. ''Choose 1.'' Set date and time - an easy intuitive configuration.

==== Disk preparation ====

==== Disk preparation ====

{{BoxSuccess|tip|If your hard disk is already partitioned the way you want, then this step can be skipped.}}

{{BoxSuccess|tip|If your hard disk is already partitioned the way you want, then this step can be skipped.}}

   you get a dialog saying "Do you want to use GUID

   you get a dialog saying "Do you want to use GUID

   Partition Table (GPT)", '''choose Yes'''.

   Partition Table (GPT)", '''choose Yes'''.

  * ''Important Step:'' Create a 50~250MB EFI Partition,

  * ''Important Step:'' Create a 50~250MB EFI Partition,

   mine is 100MB (code: ef00)

   mine is 100MB (code: ef00)

==== Setting filesystem mount points ====

==== Setting filesystem mount points ====

   ''Mountpoints.''

   ''Mountpoints.''

  * '''Important Step:''' Format the EFI Partition you

  * '''Important Step:''' Format the EFI Partition you

   created as '''VFAT''' and mount on /boot/efi

   created as '''VFAT''' and mount on /boot/efi

{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}

{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}

==== Installation ====

==== Installation ====

* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...

* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...

* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).

* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).

* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''

* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''

* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.

* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.

{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}

{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}

* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!

* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!

* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.

* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.

* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit

* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit

* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!

* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!

= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =

= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =

1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.

1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.

It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.

It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.

You should also install/check whether following packages are present-

You should also install/check whether following packages are present-

  2. dosfstools

  2. dosfstools

  3. grub

  3. grub

[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]

[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]

2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory

2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory

{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}

3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''

3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''

  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi

  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi

X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...

X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...

Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...

Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...

Example - ''/dev/sda4''

Example - ''/dev/sda4''

4.) Install Grub according to UEFI

4.) Install Grub according to UEFI

{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}

5.) Update Grub configuration file.

5.) Update Grub configuration file.

{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}

{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}

{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}

  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting

  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting

Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.

Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.

{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:

{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:

then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :

then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :

{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}

}}

}}

'''See also'''

'''See also'''

[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]

[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]

[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]

[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]

= Dual booting with Windows =

= Dual booting with Windows =

{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}

{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}

'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.

'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.

[[File:Refind.png]]

[[File:Refind.png]]

There are two ways to install rEFInd-

There are two ways to install rEFInd-

1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-

1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}

Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .

Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .

2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]

2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]

== Instructions ==

== Instructions ==

The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.

The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.

=== Manual install ===

=== Manual install ===

Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-

Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-

{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}

{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}

You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.

You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.

You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.

You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.

Can mount it as /boot/efi by

Can mount it as /boot/efi by

{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}

X=a,b,c...

X=a,b,c...

N=1,2,3...

N=1,2,3...

These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.

These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.

Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-

Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-

  bootx64.efi

  bootx64.efi

You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''

You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''

Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''

Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''

The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.

The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.

{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}

{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}

So it could be like-

So it could be like-

  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi

  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi

rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.

rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.

If you do not have this file or folder, try-

If you do not have this file or folder, try-

{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}

{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}

to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''

to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''

See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]

See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]

=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===

=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===

An entry can be added to

An entry can be added to

{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|

{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|

}}

}}

In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.

In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.

After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.

After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.

[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]

[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]

The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.

The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.

= Extras =

= Extras =

== Using Rufus on Windows to create installation media ==

== Using Rufus on Windows to create installation media ==

[http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] users can use the following settings:

[http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] users can use the following settings:

  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image

  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image

  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,

  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,

  * Volume label: "Don't modify"

  * Volume label: "Don't modify"

  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).

  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).

= Feedback =

= Feedback =

Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]

Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]

= External Links =

= External Links =

Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k

Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]