Manjaro

Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/fa"

UEFI - Install Guide/fa (view source)

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(Created page with "*پس از انجام پارتیشن بندی، به Set Filesystem Mountpoints بروید. * مرحله مهم: پارتیشن ئی‌اِف‌آی را که ایجاد کر...")
(Updating to match new version of source page)
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== مشترک ==
== مشترک ==


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
* ۱. نگارش مانجاروی مورد علاقه‌تان (ایکس‌اِف‌سی‌ئی، گنوم، کِی‌دی‌ئی و ...) را از [https://manjaro.org/download/ اینجا] بارگیری کنید و توجه کنید که حتما باید ۶۴-بیت باشد.
* ۱. نگارش مانجاروی مورد علاقه‌تان (ایکس‌اِف‌سی‌ئی، گنوم، کِی‌دی‌ئی و ...) را از [https://manjaro.org/download/ اینجا] بارگیری کنید و توجه کنید که حتما باید ۶۴-بیت باشد.
</div>


*۲. پرونده ایزو را روی DVD بسوزانید یا روی USB بنویسید. برای جزئیات بیشتر به [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] مراجعه کنید.
*۲. پرونده ایزو را روی DVD بسوزانید یا روی USB بنویسید. برای جزئیات بیشتر به [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] مراجعه کنید.
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* مرحله مهم: پارتیشن ئی‌اِف‌آی را که ایجاد کرده اید به صورت VFAT فرمت کرده و در boot/efi/ سوار کنید.
* مرحله مهم: پارتیشن ئی‌اِف‌آی را که ایجاد کرده اید به صورت VFAT فرمت کرده و در boot/efi/ سوار کنید.


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{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}
</div>


==== نصب ====
==== نصب ====


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* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...
* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).
* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''
* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.
* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.
{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!
* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!
</div>


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* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.
* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.
</div>


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* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit
* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit
</div>


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* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!
* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!
</div>


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= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =
= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =
</div>


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1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.
1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.
</div>


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It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
</div>


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You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
</div>


  1. efibootmgr
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1. efibootmgr
  2. dosfstools
  2. dosfstools
  3. grub
  3. grub
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
</div>




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2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
</div>




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4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
</div>


{{BoxInfo|نکته|اگر با خطای زیر مواجه شدید:
{{BoxInfo|نکته|اگر با خطای زیر مواجه شدید:
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  متغیرهای ئی‌اِف‌آی (EFI) در این سامانه پشتیبانی نمی‌شوند.
  متغیرهای ئی‌اِف‌آی (EFI) در این سامانه پشتیبانی نمی‌شوند.


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then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
}}
}}
</div>


'''جستارهای وابسته'''
'''جستارهای وابسته'''
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[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|بارکنندهٔ راه‌انداز گراب را بازگردانید]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|بارکنندهٔ راه‌انداز گراب را بازگردانید]]


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Dual booting with Windows =
= Dual booting with Windows =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
</div>




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[[File:Refind.png]]
[[File:Refind.png]]
</div>




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There are two ways to install rEFInd-
There are two ways to install rEFInd-
</div>


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1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
== Instructions ==
== Instructions ==
</div>


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The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
</div>


=== نصب دستی ===
=== نصب دستی ===


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Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
</div>


  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
</div>


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{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
</div>


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You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
X=a,b,c...
X=a,b,c...
N=1,2,3...
N=1,2,3...
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
  bootx64.efi
  bootx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
So it could be like-
So it could be like-
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===
=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===
</div>




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An entry can be added to
An entry can be added to
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
Line 219: Line 326:
}}
}}
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
</div>


[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 بحث مرتبط در انجمن]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 بحث مرتبط در انجمن]


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Extras =
= Extras =
</div>


== استفاده از روفوس (Rufus) در ویندوز برای ایجاد رسانهٔ نصب ==
== استفاده از روفوس (Rufus) در ویندوز برای ایجاد رسانهٔ نصب ==
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