Manjaro Difference between pages "Configure Graphics Cards" and "Manjaro FAQ"

Difference between pages "Configure Graphics Cards" and "Manjaro FAQ"

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= Overview =
= General Linux =


{{note|The mhwd command is still ''under development'', and at present is only able to install drivers for graphics cards connected internally via pci.}}
===What is Linux?===
Linux is an '''[http://opensource.org/osd.html open-source]''' operating system, meaning that it is completely free to use and free to distribute. Originally developed in 1991 by Finnish Programmer '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds Linus Torvalds]''', Linux is an exceptionally robust and reliable system most commonly used for internet servers, mobile phones, and tablets (e.g. Android). However, the use of Linux as an alternative operating system for personal computers has also been growing over the years, with several million users having already discovered the benefits of it.


===What are the benefits of using Linux?===
There are quite a few. Linux is free, highly efficient, and very fast; The 64 bit version of Manjaro with the XFCE desktop boots up in only a few seconds, and uses only 200MB of memory to run. Linux systems are also very secure, and are not affected by the huge amount of Windows viruses, trojans, worms, or malware out there. Anti-virus software is not required. And as for the tens of thousands of software applications available - including fully compatable equivalents of popular Windows software such as MS Office - these are also completely free. It is also possible to easily run many popular Windows applications on Linux using compatability software such as ''Wine/PlayonLinux''. The examples given here are ''far'' from comprehensive!


Where installing the full version of Manjaro (i.e. complete with a pre-installed desktop environment, codecs, and software applications), the mhwd command will be automatically run by the GUI and CLI installer to automatically detect your graphics card and install the most appropriate driver for it. '''Whether free or proprietary drivers are installed will depend on your initial choice of using free or nonfree graphics drivers to boot up'''.
===Why is Linux free? What's the catch?===
Otherwise, it will be necessary to run the mhwd command manually as part of the post-installation process for the minimalistic '''NET-Edition''' of Manjaro.  
There isn't one. Linux operates on a completely different philosophy than those of for-profit corporations such as Microsoft and Apple. Linux systems and software applications are funded through sponsorship, donations, and of course, the hard work of many, many enthusiasts. Linux has a dedicated and highly enthusiastic fan-base for a very good reason.


'''For Beginners, it is recommended to use "Hardware Detection" in [[Manjaro Settings Manager]] to change or install new graphics drivers.'''
===Why are there so many different Linux distributions?===
For intermediate and advanced users, it is also possible to use the mhwd command to install, re-install, and remove installed graphics drivers at any time, as illustrated below.
Different Linux distributions (i.e. operating systems) have been developed for different types of users, for different purposes, and for different hardware capacities. For example, distributions such as ''Mint'' or ''Zorin'' are specifically designed to apply to newcomers or those without technical expertise. At the other end of the scale, distributions such as ''Arch'' are designed for computer enthusiasts. Manjaro is designed to bridge that gap. Different '''flavours''' of a distribution means it comes with different desktop environments - you're rarely if ever stuck with whatever desktop comes pre-installed.


===What is the difference between cutting edge and bleeding edge technology?===
Generally speaking, ''cutting edge'' refers to the latest technology that has finished development and has been fully tested. ''Bleeding edge'' technology is that which has not finished development and/or is still undergoing testing. The use of bleeding edge technology therefore carries the risk of being unreliable or unstable.


{{warning|For the NET-Edition, ensure that the graphics drivers are installed '''prior''' to installing and configuring your desired desktop and greeter. Without video drivers to show them, you won't get very far upon rebooting!}}


= Manjaro Specific =


= Automated Identification and Installation =
=== Is Manjaro just an easy-to-install version of Arch? ===
No. Manjaro is not like other Arch-based distributions such as ''Archbang'' or ''Bridge Linux'', which are. While there are numerous subtle differences between Manjaro and Arch, the most obvious examples  - including the use of our own dedicated software repositories - are covered in the '''[[About_Manjaro|About Manjaro]]''' page.


This is the recommended method for the detection and installation of graphics drivers. The syntax for the automated installation method is:
===Can Manjaro use the Arch Software Repositories?===
No. Manjaro is configured to use its own dedicated software repositories, although you can still access the community-maintained Arch User Repository (AUR) for additional software, if you wish. In addition, if you want to access the very latest ''bleeding-edge'' software, Manjaro's own testing repositories are also available.


sudo mhwd -a [pci or usb connection] [free or nonfree drivers] 0300
===Can Manjaro be converted into a full Arch system?===
Yes. However, this course of action is not recommended, and the Manjaro team cannot offer support for a converted system. Still, a conversion script to test out in VirtualBox is available on our forum '''[http://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=245 here]'''


===What is the Manjaro Forum like?===
Very friendly! Both newcomers and experienced users are more than welcome to participate, ask questions, and just talk to other members of the Manjaro community, as well as the developers themselves. You don't even have to register to post on the forum. Even though Manjaro is a new distribution, there are already many dedicated Manjaro Community members who will be more than happy to answer your questions and help you out.


A breakdown of the command used for the automated method is as follows:
===Manjaro only seems to come with XFCE. Are other desktop environments available?===
Yes. This includes KDE, Cinnamon, Gnome 3, Openbox, and Razor-QT. Any and all of these desktops can be downloaded from the official Manjaro software repositories. Manjaro presently only comes with the XFCE desktop environment pre-installed as it is a brand new distribution at the beta release/testing stage. Once Manjaro develops from 0.8.x to version 1.x onwards, it will be available with a range of pre-installed desktop environments.


* '''-a''': Automatically detect and install the appropriate driver
===How is 'Manjaro' Pronounced?===
* '''[pci or usb]''': Install the appropriate driver for devices connected internally via pci, or externally via usb (again, mhwd currently only supports pci connections at this stage in its development)
It's pronounced 'Manjaro'! As in ''Mount Kilimanjaro'', which was the inspiration for the name. Man-ja-ro.
* '''[free or nonfree]''': Install either free drivers (e.g. provided by the Linux community), or nonfree drivers (e.g. provided by hardware manufacturers)
* '''0300''': Identify that a driver is to be installed for a graphics card (0300 is the ID for graphics cards. As the mhwd command develops, new ids will be used for other hardware devices).
 
 
For example, the following command would result in the automatic detection and installation of the best available '''proprietary driver''' for a pci-connected graphics card:
 
sudo mhwd -a pci nonfree 0300
 
 
Otherwise, the following command would result in the automatic detection and installation of the best available '''free driver''' for a pci-connected graphics card:
 
sudo mhwd -a pci free 0300
 
 
= Manual Identification and Installation =
 
Taking a do-it-yourself approach is itself relatively easy and straightforward using the mhwd command. This should be undertaken in two stages:
 
'''1.''' Identify the appropriate driver to be installed, and then
 
'''2.''' Install the driver
 
{{tip| Just ensure that you have identified and are indeed about to install the correct driver for your particular graphics card!}}
 
 
== Identifying Available Drivers ==
 
Prior to manually installing a graphics driver, it will be necessary to identify what drivers are available for your system. To list the appropriate drivers available, the basic syntax is:
 
mhwd -l [optional: detailed view] [optional: --pci or --usb connection]
 
 
Using this command without the additional options will list basic information for all the available drivers for devices connected to your system. '''All drivers graphics card drivers will have the prefix (video-) in their name'''. The basic information provided for all listed drivers will be:
 
* Name
* Version
* Free or proprietary, and
* PCI or USB connection
 
 
A more detailed list of installed drivers can be obtained by entering:
 
mhwd -l -d
 
 
A detailed list will provide the following information:
 
* Name
* Version
* PCI or USB connection
* Description
* Priority
* Free or proprietary
* Dependencies
* Conflicts
* Class ID (e.g. '0300' for graphics card drivers), and
* Vendor ID
 
 
In addition, using the ''--pci'' filter in the following example will list detailed information for only the drivers available for devices (e.g. graphics cards) using an internal PCI connection:
 
mhwd -l -d --pci
 
 
== Installing a Driver ==
 
To install a driver for a graphics card, the syntax is:
 
sudo mhwd -i pci [name of driver]
 
 
A breakdown of the command used to manually install a driver is as follows:
 
* '''-i''': Install a driver
* '''[pci]''': Install a driver for a device connected internally via pci (e.g. graphics cards)
* '''[name of driver]''': The name of the driver to be installed
 
For example, to install the proprietary nvidia graphics card driver, the following command would be used:
 
sudo mhwd -i pci video-nvidia
 
== Forcing Re-installation of a Driver ==
 
{{warning|use this command with care!}}
 
 
To force the re-installation of an existing driver without removing it first, the syntax is:
 
sudo mhwd -f -i pci [name of driver]
 
 
For example, to force the re-installation of a previously installed nvidia graphics card driver, the following command would be used:
 
sudo mhwd -f -i pci video-nvidia
 
 
= Removing an Installed Driver =
 
On occasion it may be necessary to remove an installed graphics card driver. Similarly to manually installing a graphics card driver, two steps should be undertaken for removal:
 
'''1.''' Identify the installed driver
 
'''2.''' Remove the identified driver
 
After all, it would be somewhat difficult to remove an installed driver if you don't know what it's called!
 
 
== Identifying Installed Drivers ==
 
To identify and list Manjaro's installed drivers - including the graphics driver to be removed, the syntax is:
 
mhwd  -li [optional: detailed view] [optional: pci or usb devices only]
 
 
Using this command without the additional options will list the basic information of all the drivers currently installed on your system. '''Once again, all drivers for graphics cards will have the prefix (video-) in their name'''. As with listing drivers available for your system, the ''-d'' option used in the following command will list detailed information:
 
mhwd -li -d
 
 
This information may prove useful to determine any otherwise unforeseen consequences or problems upon removing a driver. And again, it is also possible to filter your list of installed drivers by whether they are used on hardware connected via pci or usb. In this instance, a detailed list will be generated only for installed drivers used on hardware with a PCI connection:
 
mhwd -li -d --pci
 
 
== Removing Installed Drivers ==
 
{{warning|use this command with care!}}
 
 
To remove an installed driver, the syntax is:
 
sudo mhwd -r [pci or usb] [name of driver]
 
 
For example, to remove the installed driver for a nvidia graphics card (connected internally via pci), the following command would be used:
 
sudo mhwd -r pci video-nvidia
 
 
= Checking configuration =
 
You can check configuration with:
mhwd-gpu --check
mhwd-gpu --status
 
And if needed fix issues with:
mhwd-gpu --setmod
mhwd-gpu --setxorg [PATH]
 
Make sure the path to xorg config file is valid.
 
Note about ati, xorg file and login artifacts or kicad: if you get artifacts upon logging in or if kicad rendering and zooming is slow, try adding [Option "EXAPixmaps" "off"] in the "Device" section of xorg config file. See [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ATI#Artifacts_upon_logging_in here.]
 
 
=Dual GPU=
 
If your hardware includes more than one GPU card and you are using the free drivers (video-linux), you may choose to run a program with a specific GPU, prepending the application's command with DRI_PRIME=x, where x is the card priority number.
For example, to use the second card with Gimp
 
  DRI_PRIME=1 gimp
 
To use the 1st card (usually when the CPU has an embedded GPU, this is used)
 
  DRI_PRIME=0 gimp
 
If you have Nvidia Optimus hardware and use proprietary drivers see [[#Nvidia Optimus]]
 
= NVIDIA Proprietary (non-free) drivers =
 
If you have a Nvidia card, you have the option to use the proprietary (closed sourse = non-free) drivers instead of the open source (free) nouveau driver.
 
For Legacy/older nvidia cards, Manjaro maintains older drivers for compatibility. In these cases the driver name is different, instead of nvidia it is nvidia-390xx or nvidia340xx, whether in nvidia-only or bumblebee mhwd driver configuration.
 
When you install the non-free driver, mhwd includes a Nvidia utility "Nvidia Settings Utility" that can help you configure several settings. You can find this utility in your GUI Applications Menu or start it from a terminal
 
  sudo nvidia-settings
 
If you are using bumblebee, the nvidia utility needs a special command
 
  sudo optirun -b none nvidia-settings -c :8
 
 
==Nvidia Optimus==
For Optimus laptops or dual GPU hardware with intel and nvidia GPUs, you have three options to utilize the card driver usage at your preference or your hardware capabilities.
 
'''[[#Bumblebee]] (mhwd default)'''
 
'''[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/howto-set-up-prime-with-nvidia-proprietary-driver/40225 Prime] or [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PRIME#Reverse_PRIME Reverse Prime]'''
 
'''[[Optimus Manager]]'''
 
When you install Manjaro with the non-free option selected from Grub menu, or when you use automatic driver installation, bumblebee is installed by default. In these cases, the mhwd driver is named "video-hybrid-intel-nvidia-bumblebee".
 
 
==Configure The Resolution/Refresh Rate==
 
{{warning|The method provided does not currently work for the Cinnamon Edition. As soon as a solution is found, then this article will be updated.}}
 
 
'''1.'''  Start nvidia-settings utility
 
'''2.'''  Change resolution and refresh rate in 'X Server Display Configuration' tab.
 
'''3.'''  Hit the 'Save to X Configuration File' button and save to '''/etc/X11/mhwd.d/nvidia.conf'''
 
'''4.'''  Now start your terminal and enter the following command to complete the process:
 
sudo mhwd-gpu --setmod nvidia --setxorg /etc/X11/mhwd.d/nvidia.conf
 
==Configure X Screen settings (OpenGL Settings, Antialiasing, X Server XVideo)==
 
 
'''1.'''  Start nvidia-settings utility
 
'''2.''' Change settings in X Server XVideo Settings, OpenGL and Antialiasing, in the 'X Screen' tab.
 
'''3.''' Click on 'nvidia-settings configuration' tab and click on the 'Save Current Configuration' button.
 
'''4.''' Save the .nvidia-settings-rc to the default location specified ('''/home/[your account name]''')
 
'''5.''' Edit the .xinitrc file with your preferred text editor. For example, if you use gedit, run this in your terminal:
 
gedit ~/.xinitrc
 
 
'''6.''' Once opened, add the following line into the configuration file:
 
exec nvidia-settings --load-config-only
 
 
'''7.''' Save and exit.
 
 
==Bumblebee==
 
Bumblebee configuration is mainly developed to help minimize laptop battery consumption, since Nvidia usually consumes significant power, while Intel cards are more power efficient. So, bumblebee detects both cards and automatically selects Intel card by default, while uses Nvidia for more demanding applications.
You may also manually select for an application to use the Nvidia card, prepending the application command with optirun or primusrun. For example:
 
  primusrun glxspheres64
  primusrun steam
 
 
If bumblebee fails to auto-detect nvidia as best option, or if you want to specifically run some application with the nvidia driver, you may edit that application's .desktop file "Exec" property, or run it in terminal like this
 
 
  primusrun steam
 
 
Some applications (usually games like steam) may have an embedded option to specify the command line, where it is preferred to use this way.  
 
For example, in Steam, select a game - that you want to run using your discrete Nvidia card - from the Library page of the Steam client, right-click, and select Properties.
Click the SET LAUNCH OPTIONS... button and specify primusrun %command% for the command line.
Save your changes.This method allows you to pick when the discrete NVidia GPU should be used on a per-game basis.
 
 
 
 
= See also =
 
* [[Manjaro Hardware Detection Overview]]
 
 
= Easier way =
 
You may use a GUI version of mhwd in [[Manjaro Settings Manager#Hardware Detection]]
: With this tool you can:
: - install graphic driver
: - switch graphic driver
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAFGukpEIJw
 
 
= How to check the driver =
 
glxinfo | grep OpenGL
 
 
Example output command:
 
 
'''Nvidia driver''' ( proprietary driver )
 
$ glxinfo | grep OpenGL
OpenGL vendor string: NVIDIA Corporation
OpenGL renderer string: GeForce GTX 660/PCIe/SSE2
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.3.0 NVIDIA 331.49
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.30 NVIDIA via Cg compiler
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 4.4.0 NVIDIA 331.49
OpenGL shading language version string: 4.40 NVIDIA via Cg compiler
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL profile mask: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
 
 
'''Nouveau''' , '''Gallium''' from '''Mesa''' ( open source driver )
 
$ glxinfo | grep OpenGL
OpenGL vendor string: nouveau
OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on NVE6
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.1 (Core Profile) Mesa 9.2.5
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 1.40
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 9.2.5
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
 
 
'''Intel''' driver from '''Mesa''' ( open driver )
 
$ glxinfo | grep OpenGL
OpenGL vendor string: Intel Open Source Technology Center
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) Ivybridge Desktop
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 11.0.6
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 11.0.6
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.0 Mesa 11.0.6
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.00
OpenGL ES profile extensions:




[[Category:Overview]]
[[Category:Contents Page]]
[[Category:Contents Page]]

Revision as of 18:04, 15 October 2012

General Linux

What is Linux?

Linux is an open-source operating system, meaning that it is completely free to use and free to distribute. Originally developed in 1991 by Finnish Programmer Linus Torvalds, Linux is an exceptionally robust and reliable system most commonly used for internet servers, mobile phones, and tablets (e.g. Android). However, the use of Linux as an alternative operating system for personal computers has also been growing over the years, with several million users having already discovered the benefits of it.

What are the benefits of using Linux?

There are quite a few. Linux is free, highly efficient, and very fast; The 64 bit version of Manjaro with the XFCE desktop boots up in only a few seconds, and uses only 200MB of memory to run. Linux systems are also very secure, and are not affected by the huge amount of Windows viruses, trojans, worms, or malware out there. Anti-virus software is not required. And as for the tens of thousands of software applications available - including fully compatable equivalents of popular Windows software such as MS Office - these are also completely free. It is also possible to easily run many popular Windows applications on Linux using compatability software such as Wine/PlayonLinux. The examples given here are far from comprehensive!

Why is Linux free? What's the catch?

There isn't one. Linux operates on a completely different philosophy than those of for-profit corporations such as Microsoft and Apple. Linux systems and software applications are funded through sponsorship, donations, and of course, the hard work of many, many enthusiasts. Linux has a dedicated and highly enthusiastic fan-base for a very good reason.

Why are there so many different Linux distributions?

Different Linux distributions (i.e. operating systems) have been developed for different types of users, for different purposes, and for different hardware capacities. For example, distributions such as Mint or Zorin are specifically designed to apply to newcomers or those without technical expertise. At the other end of the scale, distributions such as Arch are designed for computer enthusiasts. Manjaro is designed to bridge that gap. Different flavours of a distribution means it comes with different desktop environments - you're rarely if ever stuck with whatever desktop comes pre-installed.

What is the difference between cutting edge and bleeding edge technology?

Generally speaking, cutting edge refers to the latest technology that has finished development and has been fully tested. Bleeding edge technology is that which has not finished development and/or is still undergoing testing. The use of bleeding edge technology therefore carries the risk of being unreliable or unstable.


Manjaro Specific

Is Manjaro just an easy-to-install version of Arch?

No. Manjaro is not like other Arch-based distributions such as Archbang or Bridge Linux, which are. While there are numerous subtle differences between Manjaro and Arch, the most obvious examples - including the use of our own dedicated software repositories - are covered in the About Manjaro page.

Can Manjaro use the Arch Software Repositories?

No. Manjaro is configured to use its own dedicated software repositories, although you can still access the community-maintained Arch User Repository (AUR) for additional software, if you wish. In addition, if you want to access the very latest bleeding-edge software, Manjaro's own testing repositories are also available.

Can Manjaro be converted into a full Arch system?

Yes. However, this course of action is not recommended, and the Manjaro team cannot offer support for a converted system. Still, a conversion script to test out in VirtualBox is available on our forum here

What is the Manjaro Forum like?

Very friendly! Both newcomers and experienced users are more than welcome to participate, ask questions, and just talk to other members of the Manjaro community, as well as the developers themselves. You don't even have to register to post on the forum. Even though Manjaro is a new distribution, there are already many dedicated Manjaro Community members who will be more than happy to answer your questions and help you out.

Manjaro only seems to come with XFCE. Are other desktop environments available?

Yes. This includes KDE, Cinnamon, Gnome 3, Openbox, and Razor-QT. Any and all of these desktops can be downloaded from the official Manjaro software repositories. Manjaro presently only comes with the XFCE desktop environment pre-installed as it is a brand new distribution at the beta release/testing stage. Once Manjaro develops from 0.8.x to version 1.x onwards, it will be available with a range of pre-installed desktop environments.

How is 'Manjaro' Pronounced?

It's pronounced 'Manjaro'! As in Mount Kilimanjaro, which was the inspiration for the name. Man-ja-ro.

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