Manjaro Difference between pages "Arch User Repository" and "LXDM Configuration"

Difference between pages "Arch User Repository" and "LXDM Configuration"

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= Overview =
= Overview =
With the exception of the NET-edition, Manjaro 0.8.1 onwards uses a lightweight display / login manager called ''LXDM'' by default. LXDM is responsible for providing the login screen, where your preferred language, keyboard layout, and desktop environment may be selected for your personal user account(s). It also functions as a protective security barrier to prevent unauthorised access to your system. However, some users may prefer to bypass the login screen to boot straight into their desktop environment without entering a password.


{{warning|'''Use the AUR at your own risk!'''


'''No support''' will be provided by the Manjaro team for any issues that may arise relating to software installations from the AUR.
== Edit the LXDM Configuration File ==


With Manjaro updates, AUR packages might stop working. This is not a Manjaro issue.}}
To enable this, you must first open up your terminal in order to manually edit the LXDM configuration file. The syntax of the command to edit the LXDM configuration file is:
sudo [text editor] /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


Although Manjaro is very close to Arch Linux and mostly compatible —being based on Arch Linux itself— it is not possible to access their official repositories for use in Manjaro.


Instead, Manjaro uses its own repositories in order to ensure that any software packages that are accessible, such as system updates and applications, have been fully tested to be compatible and stable before release.
To use ''nano'' (the default text-based terminal editor) enter the command:
sudo nano /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


It is still possible to access additional software packages from the ''[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR Arch User Repository]'' (AUR).


The AUR is managed by the Arch Linux user community itself. Although this repository is unofficial, software packages first placed here can eventually make their way into Arch Linux's official (community) repository if they become popular enough.  
Otherwise, you may find it easier to read and edit the file by using ''gedit'', which will open the configuration file as if it were a document. To use gedit instead, enter the command:
sudo gedit /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


'''AUR, as a community maintained repository, present potential risks and problems.'''


Possible risks using AUR packages:
== Set the User ==
Having opened the configuration file, the first step is to set your personal account to be automatically logged in. To do this, under the heading '''## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin''':


* Multiple versions of the same packages.
'''1.''' remove the hash ('#') from the beginning of '''autologin='''
* Out of date packages.
* Broken or only partially working packages.
* Improperly configured packages which download unnecessary dependencies, or do not download necessary dependencies, or both.
* Malicious packages (although extremely rare).


'''2.''' remove any text after '''autologin=''' (e.g. dgod)


As such, although much of the software packages provided by the AUR should work, do not expect the installation process to always be quite as straight-forward as when you are using the official Manjaro repositories.
'''3.''' add the name of your personal account at the end of it


On occasion, it may be necessary to manually identify and install dependencies yourself (such as, after an aborted installation attempt).
[base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
'''autologin=<font color ="green">[name of your personal user account]</font color>'''


'''Again, there is no guarantee that any installed software will work properly, if at all.'''


= Accessing the AUR =
As an example, LXDM has been configured below to enable a personal user account named 'carl' to be logged in
automatically:
   
   
== Using GUI [[Pamac]] ==
[base]
Open Pamac - the name in menu is ''Add/Remove Software'' and navigate to the Preferences page. You will be required to enter your password to access it.
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
'''autologin=<font color ="green">carl</font color>'''


At Preferences page &rarr; select the AUR tab &rarr; and move the slider to enable AUR.


Ensure that there are no spaces between the autologin= command and the name of your personal user account.
Once complete, the second and final step of setting the default desktop environment to be automatically
started must be undertaken.
== Set the Desktop Environment ==
It is necessary to explicitly state which desktop environment is to be booted into, even if only one is
installed on your system. To do this, under the heading '''## default session or desktop used when no
systemwide config''',


== Using commandline [[Pamac]] ==
'''1.''' remove the hash ('#') from the beginning of '''session='''


{{tip|It is '''strongly''' recommended to first visit the [http://aur.archlinux.org/ AUR website] and examine the relevant page(s) for any and all software intended to be installed.
'''2.''' remove 'lxdm' from '''session=/usr/bin/<font color ="red">lxdm'''</font color>, and


These pages contain comments from both existing users and package developers, which may provide valuable information (such as, warnings and/or solutions to problems).
'''3.''' add the command to start your chosen / installed desktop envrionment at the end of it
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
'''session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">[start command of your chosen/installed desktop]</font color>'''


The AUR website can be found '''[http://aur.archlinux.org/ here]'''}}


To search for and install software packages from the AUR, the syntax is:
Examples to start each of the available desktops have been provided below.


pamac search -a [software package name]


For example, if wishing to install ''Vivaldi'' enter ''vivaldi'' as the query and a list of potential matches is shown. To build the example with '''pamac''' enter the following and press enter
* '''To start XFCE''':
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">startxfce4</font color>


pamac build vivaldi


You will be presented with the outcome of the chosen build with all dependencies and you will be asked a couple of questions.
* '''To start KDE''':
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">startkde</font color>


1. Query to edit build files. This is a precaution to verify that the build scripts does not contain malicious actions.


2. Query to continue download and install dependencies then download the sources, build and install the app.
* '''To start Gnome''':
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">gnome-session</font color>


You will be asked for your password before anything happens.


== Using GUI [[Octopi]] ==
* '''To start Cinnamon''':
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">gnome-session-cinnamon</font color>


See [[Octopi#Accessing_the_AUR|this guide]] for enabling AUR support in Octopi.


<br clear="all" />
* '''To start Razor-QT''':
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">razor-session</font color>


= Installing from the AUR by hand =


== Manual ==
* '''To start Openbox''':
To do that follow the steps given below:
   
 
  ## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
* Be sure you have the necessary files for building applications from source
  session=/usr/bin/<font color ="green">openbox</font color>
pamac install base-devel git
 
* Download the tarball from the AUR preferably to ''~/Downloads''
(just click on the tarball from your browser and you should get it)
 
* Make a sub-directory in downloads called builds:
mkdir ~/Downloads/builds
 
-- Move the tarball to builds (Note that foo is a placeholder for the actual name of the package you've downloaded):
  mv foo.tar.gz builds
 
-- Change directory to the builds folder-
  cd builds
 
-- Untar the tarball
  tar -xvf foo.tar.gz
 
-- Move into the new sub-directory
cd <foo>
 
 
* To make/compile the package, run:
makepkg -s
This will build the package and pull in any dependencies needed.
''Note: it won't pull a dependency from the AUR, only from the Manjaro Repos.''
 
If you run 
  ls
you'll probably find a few new files. You're interested in the one that ends with .pkg.tar.xz (usually)
 
 
* The final event is running $sudo pacman -U on that file-
sudo pacman -U foo.pkg.xz
And you've done it...the safest way to install from the AUR.


This is essentially what most install scripts do for you.


''Note:'' Instead of using ''sudo pacman -U foo.pkg.xz'' can also use:
Once your amendments have been completed save your changes and close the configuration by:
makepkg -i


*'''nano''': Press CTRL and 'x' to exit, 'y' to save, and <enter> to finish, or
*'''gedit''': Select the 'save' option and then close the window.


''Note:'' To combine above steps into one:
makepkg -is


You can ask for support for installing by hand at the following link-[http://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=7076.msg61520#msg61520]
Reboot your system for the changes to take effect.


(Courtesy bloomode for the tutorial).


= Upgrading the packages installed from the AUR =
= Restore the Login Screen =


The following command will upgrade '''all''' packages on the system including AUR builds
To restore the login screen, edit the LXDM configuration file once again and comment out the lines beginning '''autologin=''' and '''session='''. An example has provided below.


  pamac upgrade -a
  [base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
<font color ="green">#</font color>session=/usr/bin/startxfce4


= See Also =
...


## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
<font color ="green">#</font color>session=/usr/bin/openbox


[http://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Pacman Pacman]


[http://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Pacman_Tips Pacman Tips]
Once your amendments have been completed save your changes and close the configuration file by:


*'''nano''': Press CTRL and 'x' to exit, 'y' to save, and <enter> to finish, or
*'''gedit''': Select the 'save' option and then close the window.




[[Category:Contents Page]]
Reboot your system for the changes to take effect.
[[Category:Software Management]]

Revision as of 22:25, 12 October 2012

Overview

With the exception of the NET-edition, Manjaro 0.8.1 onwards uses a lightweight display / login manager called LXDM by default. LXDM is responsible for providing the login screen, where your preferred language, keyboard layout, and desktop environment may be selected for your personal user account(s). It also functions as a protective security barrier to prevent unauthorised access to your system. However, some users may prefer to bypass the login screen to boot straight into their desktop environment without entering a password.


Edit the LXDM Configuration File

To enable this, you must first open up your terminal in order to manually edit the LXDM configuration file. The syntax of the command to edit the LXDM configuration file is: 

sudo [text editor] /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


To use nano (the default text-based terminal editor) enter the command: 

sudo nano /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


Otherwise, you may find it easier to read and edit the file by using gedit, which will open the configuration file as if it were a document. To use gedit instead, enter the command: 

sudo gedit /etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf


Set the User

Having opened the configuration file, the first step is to set your personal account to be automatically logged in. To do this, under the heading ## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin:

1. remove the hash ('#') from the beginning of autologin=

2. remove any text after autologin= (e.g. dgod)

3. add the name of your personal account at the end of it 

[base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
autologin=[name of your personal user account]


As an example, LXDM has been configured below to enable a personal user account named 'carl' to be logged in automatically: 

[base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
autologin=carl


Ensure that there are no spaces between the autologin= command and the name of your personal user account. Once complete, the second and final step of setting the default desktop environment to be automatically started must be undertaken.


Set the Desktop Environment

It is necessary to explicitly state which desktop environment is to be booted into, even if only one is installed on your system. To do this, under the heading ## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config,

1. remove the hash ('#') from the beginning of session=

2. remove 'lxdm' from session=/usr/bin/lxdm, and

3. add the command to start your chosen / installed desktop envrionment at the end of it 

## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/[start command of your chosen/installed desktop]


Examples to start each of the available desktops have been provided below.


  • To start XFCE:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/startxfce4


  • To start KDE:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/startkde


  • To start Gnome:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/gnome-session


  • To start Cinnamon:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/gnome-session-cinnamon


  • To start Razor-QT:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/razor-session


  • To start Openbox:
## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
session=/usr/bin/openbox


Once your amendments have been completed save your changes and close the configuration by:

  • nano: Press CTRL and 'x' to exit, 'y' to save, and <enter> to finish, or
  • gedit: Select the 'save' option and then close the window.


Reboot your system for the changes to take effect.


Restore the Login Screen

To restore the login screen, edit the LXDM configuration file once again and comment out the lines beginning autologin= and session=. An example has provided below. 

[base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
#session=/usr/bin/startxfce4 

...

## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
#session=/usr/bin/openbox


Once your amendments have been completed save your changes and close the configuration file by:

  • nano: Press CTRL and 'x' to exit, 'y' to save, and <enter> to finish, or
  • gedit: Select the 'save' option and then close the window.


Reboot your system for the changes to take effect.

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