854
edits
Difference between revisions of "Installation with Manjaro Architect"
Installation with Manjaro Architect (view source)
Revision as of 17:40, 7 September 2021
, 3 years agoMarked this version for translation
m (added languages and translate tags) |
(Marked this version for translation) |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
<translate> | <translate> | ||
<!--T:1--> | |||
This tutorial will guide you through the installation of a pre-configured '''Manjaro Desktop Environment''' using the '''[https://sourceforge.net/projects/manjarolinux/files/architect/ Manjaro-Architect ISO]''' with the current version '''0.9.2''' of '''manjaro-architect'''. | This tutorial will guide you through the installation of a pre-configured '''Manjaro Desktop Environment''' using the '''[https://sourceforge.net/projects/manjarolinux/files/architect/ Manjaro-Architect ISO]''' with the current version '''0.9.2''' of '''manjaro-architect'''. | ||
This will be updated with further development of the installer. | This will be updated with further development of the installer. | ||
<!--T:2--> | |||
<big>'''Do note that Manjaro Architect is [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/maintainer-s-wanted/19502 currently unmaintained!]''' You may need to resolve a package conflict.</big> | <big>'''Do note that Manjaro Architect is [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/maintainer-s-wanted/19502 currently unmaintained!]''' You may need to resolve a package conflict.</big> | ||
<!--T:3--> | |||
'''[https://github.com/Chrysostomus/manjaro-architect/releases Manjaro-Architect]''' is a '''CLI''' (or actually '''TUI''') '''net-installer''', which means it does not need or provide a (real) graphical interface but uses a console or terminal menu to download all packages for the target system from the internet during installation rather than extracting a compressed ISO image. | '''[https://github.com/Chrysostomus/manjaro-architect/releases Manjaro-Architect]''' is a '''CLI''' (or actually '''TUI''') '''net-installer''', which means it does not need or provide a (real) graphical interface but uses a console or terminal menu to download all packages for the target system from the internet during installation rather than extracting a compressed ISO image. | ||
<!--T:4--> | |||
Compared to traditional unpack-installation with a graphical installer like '''Calamares''' this has some apparent advantages: | Compared to traditional unpack-installation with a graphical installer like '''Calamares''' this has some apparent advantages: | ||
<!--T:5--> | |||
*The install media can be very '''small'''. In this case the download is less than 500MB. Also since no video-drivers are needed for the text-only environment it is unlikely that you will run into problems booting the M-A ISO. | *The install media can be very '''small'''. In this case the download is less than 500MB. Also since no video-drivers are needed for the text-only environment it is unlikely that you will run into problems booting the M-A ISO. | ||
*The packages installed to the resulting target will be the '''latest available''' on the chosen branch and no matter how old your install media might be, you will not need to update the fresh install. | *The packages installed to the resulting target will be the '''latest available''' on the chosen branch and no matter how old your install media might be, you will not need to update the fresh install. | ||
| Line 18: | Line 23: | ||
At the same time, if you prefer, you can use '''mhwd''''s automatic driver installation and access the '''pre-configured iso-profiles''' of Manjaro's supported editions to install an environment of identical configuration with what you would get by unsquashing one of our ISOs. | At the same time, if you prefer, you can use '''mhwd''''s automatic driver installation and access the '''pre-configured iso-profiles''' of Manjaro's supported editions to install an environment of identical configuration with what you would get by unsquashing one of our ISOs. | ||
<!--T:6--> | |||
On the other hand, installation with this tool | On the other hand, installation with this tool | ||
<!--T:7--> | |||
*requires '''more time''' for configuration and download of packages. | *requires '''more time''' for configuration and download of packages. | ||
*requires '''some understanding''' of a Linux system and you will need to make several decisions on your own rather than someone else has made them for you beforehand. | *requires '''some understanding''' of a Linux system and you will need to make several decisions on your own rather than someone else has made them for you beforehand. | ||
*does not provide a live environment of the resulting deskop. You will see what you get when you get it - '''WYNSIWYG''' | *does not provide a live environment of the resulting deskop. You will see what you get when you get it - '''WYNSIWYG''' | ||
<!--T:8--> | |||
In our example we will install preconfigured '''Manjaro-bspwm'''. | In our example we will install preconfigured '''Manjaro-bspwm'''. | ||
<!--T:9--> | |||
So let's get started! | So let's get started! | ||
<!--T:10--> | |||
<hr/> | <hr/> | ||
<!--T:11--> | |||
Once you have booted the '''M-A''' ISO you will be greeted by this login screen: | Once you have booted the '''M-A''' ISO you will be greeted by this login screen: | ||
<!--T:12--> | |||
http://imgur.com/Wg8Dm40.png | http://imgur.com/Wg8Dm40.png | ||
<!--T:13--> | |||
You can login as user '''manjaro''' or as '''root''', in both cases using the password '''manjaro'''. | You can login as user '''manjaro''' or as '''root''', in both cases using the password '''manjaro'''. | ||
Then start the launcher by running: | Then start the launcher by running: | ||
setup | <!--T:14--> | ||
setup | |||
<!--T:15--> | |||
Now '''manjaro-architect-launcher''' will look for an active internet connection and then download and install the latest available version of the installer. If no network is available you will land on this screen with '''nmtui''' where you have the opportunity to connect: | Now '''manjaro-architect-launcher''' will look for an active internet connection and then download and install the latest available version of the installer. If no network is available you will land on this screen with '''nmtui''' where you have the opportunity to connect: | ||
<!--T:16--> | |||
http://imgur.com/lBAOCob.png | http://imgur.com/lBAOCob.png | ||
<!--T:17--> | |||
After that you can choose between several languages for the installer. Some translations are not complete, yet, but in theory, these are available at the moment: | After that you can choose between several languages for the installer. Some translations are not complete, yet, but in theory, these are available at the moment: | ||
Brasilian Portuguese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. | Brasilian Portuguese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. | ||
<!--T:18--> | |||
Some more system checks in the background and you will reach the main menu: | Some more system checks in the background and you will reach the main menu: | ||
<!--T:19--> | |||
https://imgur.com/OPQtoj0.png | https://imgur.com/OPQtoj0.png | ||
<!--T:20--> | |||
where our first required step will be. | where our first required step will be. | ||
==Prepare Installation== | ==Prepare Installation== <!--T:21--> | ||
http://imgur.com/0Ty2E6K.png | http://imgur.com/0Ty2E6K.png | ||
<!--T:22--> | |||
#'''Set Virtual Console'''<br/><!-- | #'''Set Virtual Console'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:23--> | |||
-->At this point **M-A** will already have chosen a keyboard layout ('''vconsole''') for the CLI environment automatically based on your language choice. If the expected default works for you, meaning you have for example chosen German and you are using a German QWERTZ keyboard, you can skip this menu entry or just open it briefly and it will show you the current configuration so you can decide if you want to keep it.http://imgur.com/NW6586R.png<br/><!-- | -->At this point **M-A** will already have chosen a keyboard layout ('''vconsole''') for the CLI environment automatically based on your language choice. If the expected default works for you, meaning you have for example chosen German and you are using a German QWERTZ keyboard, you can skip this menu entry or just open it briefly and it will show you the current configuration so you can decide if you want to keep it.http://imgur.com/NW6586R.png<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:24--> | |||
-->'''NOTE:''' The same setting will later be used for the Console configuration of the target install - it is however independent of the keyboard layout for the Desktop Environment, which is a different thing ('''xkbmap''') and will be defined in a later step. | -->'''NOTE:''' The same setting will later be used for the Console configuration of the target install - it is however independent of the keyboard layout for the Desktop Environment, which is a different thing ('''xkbmap''') and will be defined in a later step. | ||
#'''List Devices'''<br/><!-- | #'''List Devices'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:25--> | |||
-->Here you can list your available hard drives and other storage devices if you like. You can skip this step safely. | -->Here you can list your available hard drives and other storage devices if you like. You can skip this step safely. | ||
#'''Partition Disk'''<br/><!-- | #'''Partition Disk'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:26--> | |||
-->In case you haven't already prepared the needed partitions for your install in advance, this step offers tools to partition storage devices with a choice of CLI tools ([[Cfdisk Basic Partitioning Scenarios|cfdisk]], cgdisk, fdisk, gdisk or parted) and you also have an option to '''automatically partition''' your selected disk. In that case '''M-A''' will create a separate boot partition of 512MB next to a root partition of the remaining disk space for you.<br/><!-- | -->In case you haven't already prepared the needed partitions for your install in advance, this step offers tools to partition storage devices with a choice of CLI tools ([[Cfdisk Basic Partitioning Scenarios|cfdisk]], cgdisk, fdisk, gdisk or parted) and you also have an option to '''automatically partition''' your selected disk. In that case '''M-A''' will create a separate boot partition of 512MB next to a root partition of the remaining disk space for you.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:27--> | |||
-->Additionally this submenu includes an option to securely clean your disk using the tool '''wipe'''.<br/><!-- | -->Additionally this submenu includes an option to securely clean your disk using the tool '''wipe'''.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:28--> | |||
-->In our example we will choose automatic partitioning to keep it simple. | -->In our example we will choose automatic partitioning to keep it simple. | ||
#Deals with '''LUKS Encryption'''. Use this if you like and if you know what you're doing. In our example we will just skip this step. | #Deals with '''LUKS Encryption'''. Use this if you like and if you know what you're doing. In our example we will just skip this step. | ||
| Line 74: | Line 101: | ||
#'''Mount Partitions'''<br><!-- | #'''Mount Partitions'''<br><!-- | ||
<!--T:29--> | |||
-->Here you will be asked to specify which partitions to mount and how, starting with '''/root'''. We'll select the bigger one of our partitions that have been auto-created in the preceding step and use filesystem '''ext4''', which is common for a Linux system. On the next screen we are offered a list of different mount options. If you don't know of any special needs, just leave the default and confirm with [OK], or else choose what you need.<br/><!-- | -->Here you will be asked to specify which partitions to mount and how, starting with '''/root'''. We'll select the bigger one of our partitions that have been auto-created in the preceding step and use filesystem '''ext4''', which is common for a Linux system. On the next screen we are offered a list of different mount options. If you don't know of any special needs, just leave the default and confirm with [OK], or else choose what you need.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:30--> | |||
-->Next step is about SWAP. We haven't created a separate swap partition but we still have the option to use a swap file. In that case we can specify its size on the next screen. Or just don't use swap and continue with 'None'. Or of course you can choose another existing partition here to be mounted as swap by the final install - sharing a swap partition with another system on your computer is also an option of course. Just select it here like any other partition.<br/><!-- | -->Next step is about SWAP. We haven't created a separate swap partition but we still have the option to use a swap file. In that case we can specify its size on the next screen. Or just don't use swap and continue with 'None'. Or of course you can choose another existing partition here to be mounted as swap by the final install - sharing a swap partition with another system on your computer is also an option of course. Just select it here like any other partition.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:31--> | |||
-->A '''/boot''' partition (if needed) should be mounted as filesystem '''vfat'''.<br/><!-- | -->A '''/boot''' partition (if needed) should be mounted as filesystem '''vfat'''.<br/><!-- | ||
-->If you decide to mount more partitions you will be asked to specify their respective mountpoints (<code>/home /opt /var ...</code>). | -->If you decide to mount more partitions you will be asked to specify their respective mountpoints (<code>/home /opt /var ...</code>). | ||
#'''Configure Installer Mirrorlist'''<br/><!-- | #'''Configure Installer Mirrorlist'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:32--> | |||
-->As you already know we will need to fetch quite a lot of data from the net very soon. So it will be good to optimise our download a little.<br/><!-- | -->As you already know we will need to fetch quite a lot of data from the net very soon. So it will be good to optimise our download a little.<br/><!-- | ||
-->The ISO's live script will already have tried to find a mirror in your region. To rank available mirrors by speed, to switch to a different branch than the default 'stable' or to tweak pacman in other ways by editing its config files you can use this submenu.<br/><!-- | -->The ISO's live script will already have tried to find a mirror in your region. To rank available mirrors by speed, to switch to a different branch than the default 'stable' or to tweak pacman in other ways by editing its config files you can use this submenu.<br/><!-- | ||
-->I recommend you use at least '''1.7.3. Rank Mirrors by Speed'''.<br/><!-- | -->I recommend you use at least '''1.7.3. Rank Mirrors by Speed'''.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:33--> | |||
-->The entry '''1.8. Refresh Pacman Keys''' will normally not be needed. | -->The entry '''1.8. Refresh Pacman Keys''' will normally not be needed. | ||
<!--T:34--> | |||
Back to Main Menu we will now in our case select option 2. | Back to Main Menu we will now in our case select option 2. | ||
==Install Desktop System== | ==Install Desktop System== <!--T:35--> | ||
<!--T:36--> | |||
#'''Install Manjaro Desktop'''<br/><!-- | #'''Install Manjaro Desktop'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:37--> | |||
-->After the package database has been updated we will be asked to select at least one Manjaro kernel.<br/><!-- | -->After the package database has been updated we will be asked to select at least one Manjaro kernel.<br/><!-- | ||
-->Navigate to the desired list entry and select it with the <kbd>Space</kbd> key.<br/><!-- | -->Navigate to the desired list entry and select it with the <kbd>Space</kbd> key.<br/><!-- | ||
| Line 101: | Line 136: | ||
-->(Duplicate packages will automatically be removed from the list later, so you don't need to worry about that...)<br/><!-- | -->(Duplicate packages will automatically be removed from the list later, so you don't need to worry about that...)<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:38--> | |||
-->http://imgur.com/74PU2xh.png<br/><!-- | -->http://imgur.com/74PU2xh.png<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:39--> | |||
-->Next you will see a selection of all the available '''kernel extramodules'''. Since for my wireless card I will need the '''broadcom-wl''' module, I will select that one here so the matching driver packages for both my selected kernels will be installed. The rest of the listed modules I will not need, so I can leave those deselected.<br/><!-- | -->Next you will see a selection of all the available '''kernel extramodules'''. Since for my wireless card I will need the '''broadcom-wl''' module, I will select that one here so the matching driver packages for both my selected kernels will be installed. The rest of the listed modules I will not need, so I can leave those deselected.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:40--> | |||
-->After that we are presented with the selection of available preconfigured desktop environments, where we can select '''bspwm''' for our example installation.<br/><!-- | -->After that we are presented with the selection of available preconfigured desktop environments, where we can select '''bspwm''' for our example installation.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:41--> | |||
-->The next screen offers the opportunity to select any '''additional packages''' you might want installed on your system that would else not be included, or you can just skip this with <kbd>Esc</kbd>.<br/><!-- | -->The next screen offers the opportunity to select any '''additional packages''' you might want installed on your system that would else not be included, or you can just skip this with <kbd>Esc</kbd>.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:42--> | |||
-->Now we can relax for a little while and watch '''M-A''' doing its job. It will create a list of needed packages and download and install them for us..<br/><!-- | -->Now we can relax for a little while and watch '''M-A''' doing its job. It will create a list of needed packages and download and install them for us..<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:43--> | |||
-->http://imgur.com/bBsloIw.png<br/><!-- | -->http://imgur.com/bBsloIw.png<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:44--> | |||
-->In our case the download is about 600MB. Depending on your internet connection and the available selected mirror it will take a little while to get everything we need...<br/><!-- | -->In our case the download is about 600MB. Depending on your internet connection and the available selected mirror it will take a little while to get everything we need...<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:45--> | |||
-->Once all our packages have been installed successfully, Manjaro's hardware detection tool '''mhwd''' will install needed network drivers automatically. After that you will see this dialog about '''video-drivers''' installation:<br/><!-- | -->Once all our packages have been installed successfully, Manjaro's hardware detection tool '''mhwd''' will install needed network drivers automatically. After that you will see this dialog about '''video-drivers''' installation:<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:46--> | |||
-->http://imgur.com/0PJY2sb.png<br/><!-- | -->http://imgur.com/0PJY2sb.png<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:47--> | |||
-->While options 1 and 2 will find the matching free or proprietary video-drivers for your hardware automatically, option 3 will let you choose manually exactly which driver you would like to install.<br/><!-- | -->While options 1 and 2 will find the matching free or proprietary video-drivers for your hardware automatically, option 3 will let you choose manually exactly which driver you would like to install.<br/><!-- | ||
-->Entry 4 will install mhwd's complete list of free video-drivers. This option is intended for installation on a removable drive to later be used on varying hardware. Typical use case would be when you want to create your own manjaro-architect install media as explained in detail in @Chrysostomus' [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/wiki-creating-manjaro-architect-installation-media/24918 tutorial].<br/><!-- | -->Entry 4 will install mhwd's complete list of free video-drivers. This option is intended for installation on a removable drive to later be used on varying hardware. Typical use case would be when you want to create your own manjaro-architect install media as explained in detail in @Chrysostomus' [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/wiki-creating-manjaro-architect-installation-media/24918 tutorial].<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:48--> | |||
-->Our system is now already installed, but still there are some important things we need to do:<br/><!-- | -->Our system is now already installed, but still there are some important things we need to do:<br/><!-- | ||
-->Back to the 'Install Desktop System' menu. | -->Back to the 'Install Desktop System' menu. | ||
#'''Install Bootloader'''<br/><!-- | #'''Install Bootloader'''<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:49--> | |||
-->Here you can choose between ''''grub'''' or ''''grub + os-prober''''.<br/><!-- | -->Here you can choose between ''''grub'''' or ''''grub + os-prober''''.<br/><!-- | ||
-->You will like to use '''os-prober''' in case more than one system is to be found on your computer. If the Manjaro system you are installing right now is the only one or if you use a custom GRUB configuration, GRUB alone will do. The device where GRUB will be installed can be selected in the next step. Likely just one device will be listed.<br/><!-- | -->You will like to use '''os-prober''' in case more than one system is to be found on your computer. If the Manjaro system you are installing right now is the only one or if you use a custom GRUB configuration, GRUB alone will do. The device where GRUB will be installed can be selected in the next step. Likely just one device will be listed.<br/><!-- | ||
-->If a system including a bootloader is already present on another partition of your computer you may want to not install a bootloader at all and skip this menu entry altogether.<br/><!-- | -->If a system including a bootloader is already present on another partition of your computer you may want to not install a bootloader at all and skip this menu entry altogether.<br/><!-- | ||
<!--T:50--> | |||
-->Most of the steps in the next submenu '''2.3. Configure Base''' are also important if you want to end up with a functional system! ;) | -->Most of the steps in the next submenu '''2.3. Configure Base''' are also important if you want to end up with a functional system! ;) | ||
#'''Generate FSTAB'''<br/><!-- | #'''Generate FSTAB'''<br/><!-- | ||
| Line 148: | Line 196: | ||
-->Enter a user name (lower case letters only), choose the default shell (bash, fish or zsh) and provide the password(s)! | -->Enter a user name (lower case letters only), choose the default shell (bash, fish or zsh) and provide the password(s)! | ||
<!--T:51--> | |||
With this, we are in fact '''DONE'''! | With this, we are in fact '''DONE'''! | ||
If you like you can double check the installed configuration using '''2.5. Review Configuration Files''' one level up in the menu tree, which will look for available config files in the new system and offer the opportunity to open and edit them with text editor '''nano''': | If you like you can double check the installed configuration using '''2.5. Review Configuration Files''' one level up in the menu tree, which will look for available config files in the new system and offer the opportunity to open and edit them with text editor '''nano''': | ||
<!--T:52--> | |||
http://imgur.com/nNy0auZ.png | http://imgur.com/nNy0auZ.png | ||
<!--T:53--> | |||
or even use '''2.7 Chroot into Installation''' to adjust or fix things in the fresh install. | or even use '''2.7 Chroot into Installation''' to adjust or fix things in the fresh install. | ||
<!--T:54--> | |||
But now let's go back to the Main Menu and hit '''Done''' !! | But now let's go back to the Main Menu and hit '''Done''' !! | ||
<!--T:55--> | |||
Before quitting, the installer will perform a final check of some vital parts of the installation and will tell us if maybe we skipped or forgot something important, like if we didn't define a root password or not install a bootloader and the like. | Before quitting, the installer will perform a final check of some vital parts of the installation and will tell us if maybe we skipped or forgot something important, like if we didn't define a root password or not install a bootloader and the like. | ||
<!--T:56--> | |||
We will finally also have the choice to save the installation log to the target's root directory. | We will finally also have the choice to save the installation log to the target's root directory. | ||
<!--T:57--> | |||
In case something doesn't work out as expected this will later be helpful to find out what might have gone wrong... | In case something doesn't work out as expected this will later be helpful to find out what might have gone wrong... | ||
<!--T:58--> | |||
But now let's reboot, shall we? | But now let's reboot, shall we? | ||
http://imgur.com/W3FMSUp.png | http://imgur.com/W3FMSUp.png | ||
<!--T:59--> | |||
Success!! | Success!! | ||
<!--T:60--> | |||
Similar to the process demonstrated here '''manjaro-architect''' can of course alternatively be used to install a bare CLI base system without any desktop environment (menu entry '''3. Install CLI System''') or a custom desktop to your own liking without Manjaro pre-configuration via '''4. Install Custom System'''. | Similar to the process demonstrated here '''manjaro-architect''' can of course alternatively be used to install a bare CLI base system without any desktop environment (menu entry '''3. Install CLI System''') or a custom desktop to your own liking without Manjaro pre-configuration via '''4. Install Custom System'''. | ||
'''manjaro-architect 0.9.2''' now also has a dedicated '''5. System Rescue''' submenu which can be used to repair a borked Manjaro installation. However, these use-cases are not part of this tutorial. | '''manjaro-architect 0.9.2''' now also has a dedicated '''5. System Rescue''' submenu which can be used to repair a borked Manjaro installation. However, these use-cases are not part of this tutorial. | ||
<!--T:61--> | |||
Overview of the menu structure in current version '''manjaro-architect 0.9.2''': | Overview of the menu structure in current version '''manjaro-architect 0.9.2''': | ||
<!--T:62--> | |||
Main Menu | Main Menu | ||
| | | | ||