Difference between revisions of "File Systems/en"

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This page provides information on some of the filesystems commonly used in Manjaro. It also shows where and how they are used. Further information on these and other filesystems can be found in the ARCH Wiki.

A filesystem manages the space on a storage medium (hard disk, SSD ...). It makes this memory available to the operating system so that files can be saved and read again. Each of the following filesystems has advantages and disadvantages. They are mostly developed for a special purpose and are therefore used in a certain environment.

filesystems that are mostly used under Linux.

Note that many filesystem drivers are already included in the Linux kernel. You may not need anything else to mount, read, or write these filesystems. But there are packages with additional tools. You may need them to format, check, repair, modify, or optimize such filesystems. So if you regularly use a filesystem, it is a good idea to install the appropriate tools.

Ext4 is the default filesystem in Manjaro at the moment. It is the evolution of the most used Linux filesystems (Ext3, Ext2) and promises improved design, better performance, reliability, and features over its predecessors.

In Manjaro, e2fsprogs is already installed

===Btrfs===

A modern '''C'''opy '''o'''n '''W'''rite filesystem for Linux aimed at implementing advanced features while also focusing on '''fault tolerance''', '''repair''' and '''easy administration'''. Btrfs not only is a filesystem, but also is partly a volume manager, software-raid, backup-tool, and it is flash-friendly.

Because Btrfs is different, some things seem unfamiliar and strange. Then [https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page Btrfs@kernel.org] is a good starting point to search for answers.

Development of Btrfs started in 2007. Since that time, Btrfs is a part of the Linux kernel and is under active development. The Btrfs code base is '''[https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Status stable] .''' However, new features are still under development. Its main features and benefits are:

* '''Snapshots''' which do not make a full copy of files

see [https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page Btrfs@kernel.org], [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Btrfs Btrfs@ARCH-wiki], [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs Btrfs@wikipedia]

=== ReiserFS → reiser4 ===

ReiserFS was the first journaling filesystem to be included in the standard kernel. It was actively used by some distros some time ago, but is not currently widely used. Reiser4 is the successor to ReiserFS(3). However, Reiser4 seems not to be integrated in the kernel yet.

filesystems mostly used in windows

It is the most widely used filesystem on windows these days. It does exist in different versions, but unlike FAT32, all of them offer the following points:

Currently there are some restrictions when using NTFS with Linux. If windows is suddenly switched off or goes into hibernating, the NTFS filesystem is left in a "dirty-state". When Windows starts again, NTFS is the first to be cleaned. This operation is currently not supported by the Linux driver. Then Linux shows the NTFS filesystem as read-only to be on the safe side.

see [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/NTFS NTFS@ARCH-wiki], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS NTFS@wikipedia]

* [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/all-of-my-files-are-in-read-only-mode/83777/7 all-of-my-files-are-in-read-only-mode@forum]

filesystems under DOS and early windows on a lot of floppydisks and USB-sticks

This is a traditional filesystem under DOS and early Windows versions. Even today it can be found on many floppy disks, USB sticks and hard drives. It is supported by all types of operating systems and is therefore often used to exchange files, to pass them on, or to keep them accessible to both operating systems in the case of dualboot.

Microsoft developed the exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table) in 2006 and optimized it for flash memories such as USB sticks and SD cards. It can store large files and large numbers of files, and it can manage very large partitions. It is supported by Linux, Windows, macOS and many other devices and is one of the most compatible filesystems. ExFAT is included in Linux 5.4 and higher.

Filesystems mostly used in macOS

|+Possible usage of Filesystems

!Filesystem!!Manjaro!!Win10!!OSX!!Win9x, DOS

|ext2||●||▷ ExtFS||●||

|ext3/4||●||▷ ExtFS||?||

|NTFS||○ ntfs-3g<br>▶ 5.15?? ntfs3||●||?||

|FAT32||● dosfstools||●||●||●

|HFS||○ hfsprogs (AUR)||?||●||

|XFS||?||▷ ExtFS||?||

|ZFS||?||?||?||

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems Wikipedia:Comparison of filesystems]<br />

[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Filesystems Archwiki:filesystems]<br />  

[[Category:filesystems{{#translation:}}]]