Manjaro Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/ru"

Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/ru"

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== Общие ==
== Общие ==


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
* 1. Загрузите предпочтительную версию Manjaro: XFCE, Openbox, Cinnamon, KDE, либо другую.
* 1. Загрузите предпочтительную версию Manjaro: XFCE, Openbox, Cinnamon, KDE, либо другую.
</div>


* 2. Запишите .iso на USB или DVD. Дополнительные сведения см. в [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Запись ISO-файла]].
* 2. Запишите .iso на USB или DVD. Дополнительные сведения см. в [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Запись ISO-файла]].
Line 96: Line 98:
1) Вам необходимо создать ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.
1) Вам необходимо создать ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
</div>


  1. efibootmgr
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1. efibootmgr
  2. dosfstools
  2. dosfstools
  3. grub
  3. grub
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:
</div>


  EFI variables are not supported on this system.
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
EFI variables are not supported on this system.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
}}
}}
</div>


'''Смотрите также'''
'''Смотрите также'''


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
</div>


= Двойная загрузка с Windows =
= Двойная загрузка с Windows =


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File:Refind.png]]
[[File:Refind.png]]
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
There are two ways to install rEFInd-
There are two ways to install rEFInd-
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
</div>


== Инструкции ==
== Инструкции ==


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
</div>


=== Ручная установка ===
=== Ручная установка ===


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
</div>


  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
X=a,b,c...
X=a,b,c...
N=1,2,3...
N=1,2,3...
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
  bootx64.efi
  bootx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
So it could be like-
So it could be like-
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
</div>


=== Альтернатива: цепная загрузка через GRUB ===
=== Альтернатива: цепная загрузка через GRUB ===




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
An entry can be added to
An entry can be added to
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
Line 227: Line 310:
}}
}}
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
</div>


= Дополнительно =
= Дополнительно =
Line 240: Line 330:
Пользователи [http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] могут использовать следующие настройки:
Пользователи [http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] могут использовать следующие настройки:


  * Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
Line 249: Line 340:
  * Volume label: "Don't modify"
  * Volume label: "Don't modify"
  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).
  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).
</div>


= Обратная связь =
= Обратная связь =


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]
Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]
</div>


= Внрешние ссылки =
= Внрешние ссылки =

Revision as of 16:09, 15 January 2023

Other languages:
Deutsch • ‎English • ‎Türkçe • ‎français • ‎русский • ‎فارسی • ‎中文(中国大陆)‎

Введение

UEFI - это общепринятое название для стандартов EFI и UEFI. 
которые объединились. Он не включает в себя старый EFI v1, 
или собственную нестандартную версию EFI от Apple.

Целевой компьютер

Следующее руководство направлено на установку Manjaro на машину с включенным UEFI, отключенной безопасной загрузкой и использованием диска(ов) с таблицей разделов GUID (GPT).

Для мультизагрузки системный раздел EFI, который уже имеется (или будет создан), обычно может быть разделен между несколькими установками Linux.

Шаги

Общие

  • 1. Загрузите предпочтительную версию Manjaro: XFCE, Openbox, Cinnamon, KDE, либо другую.
  • 3. Проверьте BIOS, UEFI должен быть включен, а Secure boot выключен.
  • 4. Загрузитесь с USB или DVD и используйте rEFInd - Главное меню... чтобы выбрать, какие драйверы GPU вы хотите установить, с открытым исходным кодом или проприетарные:
* Boot Manjaro Linux ... (default) -... 
  Выбирает open-source - свободные драйверы GPU.
* Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) -... 
  Эта опция выбирает проприетарные драйверы GPU
  от Nvidia или ATI.

Графический установщик

Подсказка
Начиная с Manjaro-0.8.9, поддержка UEFI также предоставляется в графическом установщике, поэтому можно просто попробовать графический установщик и пропустить инструкции, приведенные ниже для установщика CLI.

.

Для использования графического установщика выберите опцию Установить Manjaro на экране приветствия Manjaro или на рабочем столе.

Для ESP (системного раздела EFI), который будет хранить двоичный файл EFI Grub, на этапе разметки можно создать раздел размером 512 мб типа fat32 и смонтировать его в /boot/efi.

Если вы используете двойную загрузку - можно также использовать раздел EFI из предыдущей установки.

CLI установщик

  • 5-b. Откройте терминал и введите:
user $ sudo setup COPY TO CLIPBOARD


  • 6. Теперь мы находимся в программе установки CLI.
  • 7. Выберите 1. Установка даты и времени - простая интуитивная настройка.

Подготовка диска

Подсказка
Если Ваш жесткий диск уже разбит на разделы так, как вам нужно, то этот шаг можно пропустить.
* Когда вы "нажимаете 2. Разделение жестких дисков, 
  появляется диалоговое окно с вопросом "Вы хотите использовать GUID
  Partition Table (GPT)", выберите Yes.
* Разделите диск(и) на разделы по своему усмотрению (Инструкции по
  ручному разбиению на разделы выходят за рамки данного
  руководства, некоторые примеры можно найти здесь).
* Важный шаг: Создайте EFI-раздел размером 50-250 МБ,
  мой - 100MB (код: ef00)

Установка точек монтирования файловой системы

* После завершения разметки перейдите к разделу 4. Установка файловой системы
  Точки монтирования.
* Важный шаг: Отформатируйте раздел EFI, который вы создали.
  созданный как VFAT и смонтируйте его в /boot/efi


Примечание
Если Вы повторно используете раздел EFI (созданный Windows ранее (или любой другой ОС)), то форматирование не требуется. Форматирование сотрет предыдущий загрузчик. В этом случае требуется только монтирование EFI-раздела как /boot/efi.

Установка

  • 9. Выберите 3. Установите систему и подождите...
  • 10. Теперь перейдите в раздел 4. Настроить систему" и настройте ее так, как Вам нравится (имя пользователя, пароль, список зеркал, название системы, ...).
  • 11. Когда все готово - перейдите к разделу 5. Установка загрузчика. Выберите EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64, НЕ выбирайте BIOS GRUB.
  • 11.1 Он попросит отформатировать раздел EFI, созданый ранее, как FAT32, нужно выбрать "да".
Примечание
Форматирование не требуется если используется предыдущий раздел EFI.
  • 12. Если на последних этапах выдается ошибка "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", не волнуйтесь - система будет работать нормально!
  • 13. Если программа установки спросит Вас о копировании файлов grub/efi в другой каталог, чтобы сохранить совместимость в некоторых системах, выберите Да.
  • 14. Нажмите 6. Выход
  • 15. Выключите систему, извлеките DVD или USB и загрузитесь. Теперь должна загрузиться Ваша установленная система!

Переход от BIOS к UEFI

1) Вам необходимо создать ESP (EFI System Partition).

It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.

You should also install/check whether following packages are present-

1. efibootmgr

2. dosfstools
3. grub


2) Create the /boot/efi directory

user $ sudo mkdir /boot/efi COPY TO CLIPBOARD


3.) Mount the EFI partition as /boot/efi

sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi

X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ... Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...

Example - /dev/sda4


4.) Install Grub according to UEFI

user $ sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck COPY TO CLIPBOARD

5.) Update Grub configuration file.

user $ sudo update-grub COPY TO CLIPBOARD

note
If you get an error like:
path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting

Then you will need to chroot as described here, and then perform Step 5 again.

note
{{{2}}}

Смотрите также

Двойная загрузка с Windows

tip
Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.


In such cases rEFInd can be used.


Refind.png


There are two ways to install rEFInd-

1.Install rEFInd from its website (detailed) or install using pacman(preferred)-

user $ sudo pacman -S refind COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Files will be present in /usr/share/refind .

2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [1]

Инструкции

The refind-install command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the Arch wiki for more details.

Ручная установка

Inside the refind folder (/usr/share/refind), copy the files and folders to-

/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
note
My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at /boot/efi.

You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.

You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.

Can mount it as /boot/efi by

user $ sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi COPY TO CLIPBOARD

X=a,b,c... N=1,2,3... These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.

Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-

bootx64.efi

You can rename it as windows.bootx64.efi Then you can rename refind_x64.efi to bootx64.efi

The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.

note
A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file grubx64.efi should also be present in /boot/efi/EFI/ folder, which should contain the grubx64.efi file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.

So it could be like-

/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi

rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.

If you do not have this file or folder, try-

user $ sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck COPY TO CLIPBOARD

to create /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi


Альтернатива: цепная загрузка через GRUB

An entry can be added to

/etc/grub.d/40_custom
menuentry 'Windows8 (UEFI)' {
insmod ntfs
set root=(hd0,gpt4)
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
boot
}

In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.

After adding the above entry, running sudo update-grub updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named Windows8 (UEFI) is added to the GRUB boot menu.

The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.

Дополнительно

Использование Rufus в Windows для создания установочного носителя

Пользователи Rufus могут использовать следующие настройки:

  • Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
* In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
* Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
  the device selected here will be formatted!!!)
* Partition scheme: GPT partition scheme for UEFI computer
* File system: FAT32
* Cluster size: "Don't modify"
* Volume label: "Don't modify"
* Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).

Обратная связь

Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post here

Внрешние ссылки

Видео на Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k

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