Difference between revisions of "Burn an ISO File/ru"

Revision as of 04:51, 13 January 2023

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Overview

As outlined in the Download Manjaro page, an ISO is not simply a 'drag and drop' or 'copy and paste' duplication of Manjaro's installation files. It is in fact a copy of the raw computer code that makes up the files themselves. This is why it is necessary to use a software burning application to 'burn' an ISO file, that is, convert its raw code into the files onto a physical medium such as a DVD or USB flashdrive / datastick in order to use it. Once burned / converted, the files on that medium can then be used to run Manjaro directly without having to install it to your system (referred to as Live-CD or Live-USB mode), and/or install Manjaro on your system. Again however, it will not be necessary to to burn an ISO if you intend on running Manjaro in a virtual machine environment using Oracle's Virtualbox. This is because Virtualbox is able to read ISO files directly as virtual disks.

note

Manjaro will not have full functionality when run in Live-CD mode. For example, you will not be able to save any changes to the system, or install updates or new applications.

Burning to CD/DVD in Linux

tip

It is strongly recommended to select the slowest speed available when burning to disc in order minimise the possibility of corruption during the burning process.

Several different software burning applications - if not already installed - should be available for installation from your distribution's Software Center / Software Manager / Package Manager / repositories. Popular burners include XFBurn, K3b, and Brasero. Which one you may choose is entirely down to personal choice. However, a guide to burning your downloaded Manjaro ISO using Brasero has been provided below:

1. Insert a Blank CD/DVD (use a DVD if burning an ISO for anything other than the NET Edition)

2. Start the Brasero software burner

3. Click the Burn Image - Burn an existing CD/DVD image to disc button to open the Image Burning Setup window.

4. Click the button beneath the title Select a disc image to write to open up your file manager. Locate and double-click the downloaded ISO file to load it. Upon automatically returning to the Image Burning Setup window, note that the ISO file is now listed as the disc image to write.

5. Underneath the title Select a disc to write to the blank CD/DVD inserted should already have been automatically listed. Otherwise, click the button to select it manually.

6. Click the properties button to open the properties window, and then click the button beneath the title Burning Speed. Again, it is strongly recommended to select the slowest speed available. Once selected, click the Close button.

7. Click the Burn button to start the burning process. If necessary, follow any on-screen instructions provided.

Burning to a CD/DVD in Windows

In Windows 7 and later, support for burning an ISO to DVD is built-in. Simply right click on the on .iso file and select "Burn disk image". This will bring up a series of dialogues to walk you through the process.

For Windows Vista or older versions of Windows you will need to download 3rd party software. Several free software burner applications are available for Windows. One such tool is DeepBurner. The portable version can be downloaded from here.

Writing to a USB Stick in Linux

This section describes how to write a Linux ISO file to USB.

Windows ISO files are notoriously difficult and requires special attention. Read the forum post on HowTo create a bootable Windows ISO

Using the Terminal

To burn the iso on an usb stick, enter the following command in a terminal :

user $  sudo dd bs=4M if=/path/to/manjaro.iso of=/dev/sd[drive letter] status=progress oflag=sync COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Where [drive letter] is the letter of your removable device. Please note that it is the device (e.g. /dev/sdb), and not the partition number (e.g. /dev/sdb1).

Чтобы узнать, какая буква диска может быть записана:

user $  sudo fdisk -l COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Warning

Not all ISO are isohybrid ! However you can create isohybrid ISO. If you use very old hardware and rare, may not support isohybrid. Isohybrid created for UEFI should work with "Legacy mode", without support UEFI not will work on UEFI. Before use USB stick check Bios/UEFI settings, USB should start first. If isohybrid not working for you with uefi, try create isohybrid for own use without this option.

Как вы можете проверить ISO

user $  fdisk -l COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Пример:

user $  fdisk -l manjaro-mate-15.12-x86_64.iso
Disk manjaro-mate-15.12-x86_64.iso: 7,5 GiB, 8006074368 bytes, 15636864 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x00000000 COPY TO CLIPBOARD

user $  fdisk -l manjaro-xfce-16.08-x86_64.iso 
Disk manjaro-xfce-16.08-x86_64.iso: 1,5 GiB, 1561657344 bytes, 3050112 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x06c2dccb
.
Device                         Boot Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
manjaro-xfce-16.08-x86_64.iso1 *        0 3050111 3050112  1,5G  0 Empty

manjaro-xfce-16.08-x86_64.iso2        224   63711   63488   31M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Isohybrid имеет 2 раздела - Вы можете проверить также с помощью gparted после записи iso на флешку.

Как создать isohybrid

user $  isohybrid -v /путь/к/name.iso COPY TO CLIPBOARD

или для UEFI

user $  isohybrid --uefi -v output.iso COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Более подробно по ссылке http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=Isohybrid

Использование приложения для прожига

ImageWriter

ImageWriter должен быть доступен для установки из репозиториев Software Center/Software Manager/Package Manager вашего дистрибутива. После загрузки и установки Imagewriter убедитесь, что ваш USB-накопитель подключен к компьютеру, прежде чем запускать его.

Приведено краткое руководство по созданию образа Manjaro .ISO:

1. Нажмите на значок центра

2. Перейдите к месту, где был сохранен образ ISO и выберите его

3. Убедитесь, что в выпадающем меню выбрано устройство USB

4. Нажмите на кнопку Запись

5. После завершения процесса Запись перезагрузите систему.

Запись на флешку в Windows

Использование Rufus

Rufus Rufus - это утилита, которая помогает форматировать и создавать загрузочные USB-накопители, такие как USB-носители, карты памяти и т.д.

Когда вы используете Rufus для записи Manjaro Live ISO на USB - Вы должны выбрать режим DD в ответ на запрос об использовании стандартного или DD режима.

Более подробную информацию можно найти на сайте: [1]

Запись на USB-накопитель в Macintosh

Как разновидность Unix, macOS использует подход, схожий с Linux. Все приведенные ниже команды следует выполнять в приложении Терминал. Команды, использующие sudo, могут запросить ваш пароль - это вполне ожидаемо.

После того как Вы вставили USB-накопитель - определите его с помощью diskutil:

user $  diskutil list COPY TO CLIPBOARD

  /dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
     #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
     0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *1.0 TB     disk0
     1:                        EFI EFI                     209.7 MB   disk0s1
     2:                 Apple_APFS Container disk1         1000.0 GB  disk0s2
  /dev/disk3 (external, physical):
     #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
     0:     FDisk_partition_scheme                        *7.8 GB     disk3
     1:               Windows_NTFS MYUSBDRIVE              7.8 GB     disk3s1

Обратите внимание на идентификатор disk3s1 в этом примере.

Размонтируйте диск с помощью команды:

user $  sudo diskutil unmount /dev/disk3s1 COPY TO CLIPBOARD

  Volume MYUSBDRIVE on disk3s1 unmounted

Теперь вы можете использовать dd для записи на необработанное устройство:

user $  sudo dd bs=4m if=Desktop/manjaro-i3-21.2.3-220205-linux515.iso of=/dev/disk3 COPY TO CLIPBOARD

  787+1 records in
  787+1 records out
  3303161856 bytes transferred in 2470.782563 secs (1336889 bytes/sec)

Теперь USB-накопитель необходимо извлечь из компьютера и использовать для загрузки Manjaro.

Смотрите также

@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 Where [drive letter] is the letter of your removable device. Please note that it is the '''device''' (e.g. /dev/sdb), and '''not''' the partition number (e.g. /dev/sdb1).
-To find which drive letter it might be write:
+Чтобы узнать, какая буква диска может быть записана:
 {{UserCmd|command=sudo fdisk -l}}