Manjaro Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/zh-cn"

Difference between revisions of "UEFI - Install Guide/zh-cn"

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= 前言 =
= 前言 =


  UEFI is the commonly agreed on name for both the EFI & UEFI  
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
UEFI is the commonly agreed on name for both the EFI & UEFI  
  standards which merged. It does not include the old EFI v1,  
  standards which merged. It does not include the old EFI v1,  
  or Apple's own non-standard version of EFI.
  or Apple's own non-standard version of EFI.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Target computer =
= Target computer =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The following guide aims to install Manjaro on a machine with UEFI enabled, Secure boot disabled, and using GUID Partition Table (GPT) disk(s).
The following guide aims to install Manjaro on a machine with UEFI enabled, Secure boot disabled, and using GUID Partition Table (GPT) disk(s).
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
For multi-boot, the EFI system partition which is already present (or will be created), can usually be shared amongst multiple Linux installs.
For multi-boot, the EFI system partition which is already present (or will be created), can usually be shared amongst multiple Linux installs.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= The steps =
= The steps =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
== Common ==
== Common ==
</div>


* 1. Download your preferred Manjaro version (XFCE, Openbox, Cinnamon, KDE, ...), must be 64-bits.
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 1. Download your preferred Manjaro version: XFCE, Gnome, KDE, Budgie, Cinnamon, I3, Sway or Mate.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 2. Burn the .iso to USB or DVD. See [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] for more details.
* 2. Burn the .iso to USB or DVD. See [[Special:MyLanguage/Burn_an_ISO_File|Burn an ISO File]] for more details.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 3. Check your BIOS, UEFI must be ON and Secure boot OFF.
* 3. Check your BIOS, UEFI must be ON and Secure boot OFF.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 4. Boot with your USB or DVD & use the rEFInd - Main Menu... to choose which GPU drivers you want to have installed, the open-source or proprietary:
* 4. Boot with your USB or DVD & use the rEFInd - Main Menu... to choose which GPU drivers you want to have installed, the open-source or proprietary:
</div>


  * Boot Manjaro Linux ... (default) -  
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* Boot Manjaro Linux ... (default) -  
   This chooses the ''open-source - free'' GPU drivers.
   This chooses the ''open-source - free'' GPU drivers.
  * Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) -  
  * Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) -  
   This option chooses the '''proprietary''' GPU drivers
   This option chooses the '''proprietary''' GPU drivers
   from Nvidia or ATI.
   from Nvidia or ATI.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== Graphical Installer ===
=== Graphical Installer ===
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Since Manjaro-0.8.9, UEFI support is also provided in the Graphical Installer, so one can simply try the Graphical installer and skip the instructions given below for the CLI installer.}}
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Since Manjaro-0.8.9, UEFI support is also provided in the Graphical Installer, so one can simply try the Graphical installer and skip the instructions given below for the CLI installer.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
To use the Graphical Installer select the '''Install Manjaro''' option from the Manjaro Welcome screen or from the desktop.
To use the Graphical Installer select the '''Install Manjaro''' option from the Manjaro Welcome screen or from the desktop.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
For the ESP (EFI system partition) which will store the EFI Grub binary, a 512mb partition of type fat32 can be created in the partitioning step, and mounted to ''/boot/efi''
For the ESP (EFI system partition) which will store the EFI Grub binary, a 512mb partition of type fat32 can be created in the partitioning step, and mounted to ''/boot/efi''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
If you are dual booting then an EFI partition from a previous install can also be used.
If you are dual booting then an EFI partition from a previous install can also be used.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== CLI installer ===
=== CLI installer ===
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 5-b. Open terminal & enter:
* 5-b. Open terminal & enter:
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo setup}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo setup}}
</div>


* 6. Now, we are in the CLI Installer.  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 6. Now, we are in the CLI Installer.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 7. ''Choose 1.'' Set date and time - an easy intuitive configuration.
* 7. ''Choose 1.'' Set date and time - an easy intuitive configuration.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==== Disk preparation ====
==== Disk preparation ====
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxSuccess|tip|If your hard disk is already partitioned the way you want, then this step can be skipped.}}
{{BoxSuccess|tip|If your hard disk is already partitioned the way you want, then this step can be skipped.}}
</div>


  * When you ''click 2.'' Partition Hard Drives,  
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* When you ''click 2.'' Partition Hard Drives,  
   you get a dialog saying "Do you want to use GUID
   you get a dialog saying "Do you want to use GUID
   Partition Table (GPT)", '''choose Yes'''.
   Partition Table (GPT)", '''choose Yes'''.
Line 63: Line 110:
  * ''Important Step:'' Create a 50~250MB EFI Partition,
  * ''Important Step:'' Create a 50~250MB EFI Partition,
   mine is 100MB (code: ef00)
   mine is 100MB (code: ef00)
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==== Setting filesystem mount points ====
==== Setting filesystem mount points ====
</div>


  * After the partitioning is done, go to ''4. Set Filesystem''
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* After the partitioning is done, go to ''4. Set Filesystem''
   ''Mountpoints.''
   ''Mountpoints.''
  * '''Important Step:''' Format the EFI Partition you
  * '''Important Step:''' Format the EFI Partition you
   created as '''VFAT''' and mount on /boot/efi
   created as '''VFAT''' and mount on /boot/efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as '''/boot/efi''' is required in that case.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
==== Installation ====
==== Installation ====
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...
* 9. ''Choose 3.'' Install system and wait...
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).
* 10. Now, go to ''4. Configure System'' and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''
* 11. When you are done, go to ''5. Install bootloader.'' Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64,  ''DON'T select BIOS GRUB.''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.
* 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.
{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!
* 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.
* 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit
* 14. ''Click 6.'' Quit
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!
* 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =
= Switching from BIOS to UEFI =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.
1) You need to create an ''ESP (EFI System Partition)''.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
You should also install/check whether following packages are present-
</div>


  1. efibootmgr
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1. efibootmgr
  2. dosfstools
  2. dosfstools
  3. grub
  3. grub
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Pacman_Overview|(How to install packages)]]
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
2) Create the ''/boot/efi'' directory
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mkdir /boot/efi}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
3.) Mount the EFI partition as ''/boot/efi''
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
  sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
Example - ''/dev/sda4''
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
4.) Install Grub according to UEFI
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
5.) Update Grub configuration file.
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo update-grub}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get an error like:}}
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
  path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
Then you will need to [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Change_Root chroot] as described [[Special:MyLanguage/Restore_the_GRUB_Bootloader#Identify_and_Prepare_the_Installed_Partition.28s.29|here]], and then perform Step 5 again.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:
{{BoxInfo|note|If you get the following error:
</div>


  EFI variables are not supported on this system.
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
EFI variables are not supported on this system.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
then you could load the '''efivarfs''' module :
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo modprobe efivarfs}}
}}
}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''See also'''
'''See also'''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]
[[Special:MyLanguage/Restore the GRUB Bootloader|Restore the GRUB Bootloader]]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/using-livecd-v17-0-1-as-grub-to-boot-os-with-broken-bootloader/24916 Related Forum topic]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Dual booting with Windows =
= Dual booting with Windows =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
{{BoxSuccess|tip|Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.}}
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
'''In such cases ''[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html rEFInd]''''' can be used.
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File:Refind.png]]
[[File:Refind.png]]
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
There are two ways to install rEFInd-
There are two ways to install rEFInd-
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
1.Install rEFInd from its [https://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html website] (detailed) or '''install using pacman'''''(preferred)''-
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -S refind}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
Files will be present in  /usr/share/refind .
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
== Instructions ==
== Instructions ==
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
The '''refind-install''' command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/REFInd#Installation Arch wiki] for more details.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== Manual install ===
=== Manual install ===
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
Inside the refind folder ('''/usr/share/refind'''), copy the files and folders to-
</div>


  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at '''/boot/efi'''.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
Can mount it as /boot/efi by
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi}}
X=a,b,c...
X=a,b,c...
N=1,2,3...
N=1,2,3...
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present-
  bootx64.efi
  bootx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
You can '''''rename''''' it as  ''windows.bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
Then you can rename ''refind_x64.efi'' to ''bootx64.efi''
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
{{BoxInfo|note|A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file ''grubx64.efi'' should also be present in '''/boot/efi/EFI/''' folder, which should contain the ''grubx64.efi'' file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
So it could be like-
So it could be like-
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
  /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
If you do not have this file or folder, try-
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
{{UserCmd|command=sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck}}
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
to create '''/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi'''
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
See also- [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===
=== An alternative: chainloading via GRUB ===
</div>




<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
An entry can be added to
An entry can be added to
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
{{File|file=/etc/grub.d/40_custom|
Line 227: Line 396:
}}
}}
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
After adding the above entry, running '''sudo update-grub''' updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named '''Windows8 (UEFI)''' is added to the GRUB boot menu.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]
[https://forum.manjaro.org/t/detecting-efi-files-and-booting-them-from-grub/38083 Related Forum topic]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Extras =
= Extras =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
== Using Rufus on Windows to create installation media ==
== Using Rufus on Windows to create installation media ==
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] users can use the following settings:
[http://rufus.akeo.ie/ Rufus] users can use the following settings:
</div>


  * Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
* Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
  * In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
  * Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
Line 249: Line 432:
  * Volume label: "Don't modify"
  * Volume label: "Don't modify"
  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).
  * Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= Feedback =
= Feedback =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]
Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post [https://forum.manjaro.org/ here]
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
= External Links =
= External Links =
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k
Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k
</div>
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]

Revision as of 16:09, 15 January 2023

Other languages:
Deutsch • ‎English • ‎Türkçe • ‎français • ‎русский • ‎فارسی • ‎中文（中国大陆）‎

前言

UEFI is the commonly agreed on name for both the EFI & UEFI 

standards which merged. It does not include the old EFI v1, 
or Apple's own non-standard version of EFI.

Target computer

The following guide aims to install Manjaro on a machine with UEFI enabled, Secure boot disabled, and using GUID Partition Table (GPT) disk(s).

For multi-boot, the EFI system partition which is already present (or will be created), can usually be shared amongst multiple Linux installs.

The steps

Common

  • 1. Download your preferred Manjaro version: XFCE, Gnome, KDE, Budgie, Cinnamon, I3, Sway or Mate.
  • 3. Check your BIOS, UEFI must be ON and Secure boot OFF.
  • 4. Boot with your USB or DVD & use the rEFInd - Main Menu... to choose which GPU drivers you want to have installed, the open-source or proprietary:
  • Boot Manjaro Linux ... (default) -
  This chooses the open-source - free GPU drivers.
* Boot Manjaro Linux ... (nonfree) - 
  This option chooses the proprietary GPU drivers
  from Nvidia or ATI.

Graphical Installer

tip
Since Manjaro-0.8.9, UEFI support is also provided in the Graphical Installer, so one can simply try the Graphical installer and skip the instructions given below for the CLI installer.

To use the Graphical Installer select the Install Manjaro option from the Manjaro Welcome screen or from the desktop.

For the ESP (EFI system partition) which will store the EFI Grub binary, a 512mb partition of type fat32 can be created in the partitioning step, and mounted to /boot/efi

If you are dual booting then an EFI partition from a previous install can also be used.

CLI installer

  • 5-b. Open terminal & enter:
user $ sudo setup COPY TO CLIPBOARD

  • 6. Now, we are in the CLI Installer.
  • 7. Choose 1. Set date and time - an easy intuitive configuration.

Disk preparation

tip
If your hard disk is already partitioned the way you want, then this step can be skipped.
  • When you click 2. Partition Hard Drives,
  you get a dialog saying "Do you want to use GUID
  Partition Table (GPT)", choose Yes.
* Partition your disk(s) as you want (Instructions on
  manually partitioning are beyond the scope of this
  guide, some deatils are available here).
* Important Step: Create a 50~250MB EFI Partition,
  mine is 100MB (code: ef00)

Setting filesystem mount points

  • After the partitioning is done, go to 4. Set Filesystem
  Mountpoints.
* Important Step: Format the EFI Partition you
  created as VFAT and mount on /boot/efi
note
If you are re-using your EFI partition (that was created by Windows previously (or any other OS), then there is no need to format. Formatting will wipe the previous bootloader. Only mounting the EFI partition as /boot/efi is required in that case.

Installation

  • 9. Choose 3. Install system and wait...
  • 10. Now, go to 4. Configure System and configure it the way you like (username, password, mirrorlist, system-name, ...).
  • 11. When you are done, go to 5. Install bootloader. Choose EFI_x86_64 > GRUB (2) UEFI x86_64, DON'T select BIOS GRUB.
  • 11.1 It will ask to format the EFI Partition you created earlier as FAT32, yes can be chosen.
note
Formatting not required if reusing previous EFI partition.
  • 12. If it gives a error in the final stages saying "efivars kernel module was not properly loaded", don't worry, the system will work fine!
  • 13. If the installer asks you about copying grub/efi files to another folder in order to maintain compatibility in some systems, choose Yes.
  • 14. Click 6. Quit
  • 15. Shutdown, remove the DVD or USB, and boot. Your system should appear now!

Switching from BIOS to UEFI

1) You need to create an ESP (EFI System Partition).

It is a FAT32 partition which has the .efi files for booting, which you can create using gparted or gdisk. (Size at least 200-300 MiB.) Ensure the flags `boot` and `esp` are set on this partition.

You should also install/check whether following packages are present-

1. efibootmgr 

2. dosfstools
3. grub

(How to install packages)


2) Create the /boot/efi directory

user $ sudo mkdir /boot/efi COPY TO CLIPBOARD


3.) Mount the EFI partition as /boot/efi 

sudo mount /dev/sdXY /boot/efi

X = Alphabet of the drive = a,b,c ... Y = Partition number of the EFI partition = 1,2,3,4...

Example - /dev/sda4


4.) Install Grub according to UEFI

user $ sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=manjaro --recheck COPY TO CLIPBOARD

5.) Update Grub configuration file.

user $ sudo update-grub COPY TO CLIPBOARD

note
If you get an error like:
path '/boot/grub' is not readable by Grub on boot. Installation is impossible. Aborting

Then you will need to chroot as described here, and then perform Step 5 again.

note
{{{2}}}

See also

Restore the GRUB Bootloader

Related Forum topic

Dual booting with Windows

tip
Some manufactures EFI implementations cause GRUB not to be showed in the Boot Menu, or even if its there it can't be made default.


In such cases rEFInd can be used.


Refind.png


There are two ways to install rEFInd-

1.Install rEFInd from its website (detailed) or install using pacman(preferred)-

user $ sudo pacman -S refind COPY TO CLIPBOARD

Files will be present in /usr/share/refind .

2.Or using the instructions on the rEFInd website: [1]

Instructions

The refind-install command can be used to automatically install rEFInd (the EFI partition may need to be mounted for this to work). See the Arch wiki for more details.

Manual install

Inside the refind folder (/usr/share/refind), copy the files and folders to-

/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/

note
My ESP (EFI System Partition) is mounted at /boot/efi.

You need to copy these files to the Boot folder on your EFI partition, and the Boot folder itself will be present inside the EFI folder on the EFI Partition, so take note of it.

You can check which partition is your ESP using Gparted; find which partition is formatted as fat32 and has size around 200mb-1gb.

Can mount it as /boot/efi by

user $ sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi COPY TO CLIPBOARD

X=a,b,c... N=1,2,3... These depend on which partition your ESP is present which can be obtained via Gparted as mentioned earlier.

Now inside the /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/ folder, there should already be a file present- 

bootx64.efi

You can rename it as windows.bootx64.efi Then you can rename refind_x64.efi to bootx64.efi

The bootx64.efi files boot by default, hence rEFInd should now boot by default, and detect grubx64.efi(linux-manjaro) and efibootmgfw.efi (windows) automatically.

note
A folder Manjaro (name could be some other also) containing the file grubx64.efi should also be present in /boot/efi/EFI/ folder, which should contain the grubx64.efi file which will be used by rEFInd to boot Grub.

So it could be like- 

/boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi

rEFInd would use this file for booting Manjaro.

If you do not have this file or folder, try-

user $ sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Manjaro --recheck COPY TO CLIPBOARD

to create /boot/efi/EFI/Manjaro/grubx64.efi


See also- http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#naming

An alternative: chainloading via GRUB


An entry can be added to

/etc/grub.d/40_custom
menuentry 'Windows8 (UEFI)' {
insmod ntfs
set root=(hd0,gpt4)
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
boot
}

In this case (hd0,4) or /dev/sda4 is the EFI System partition where the Windows bootloader is present.

After adding the above entry, running sudo update-grub updates the GRUB configuration file so that an entry named Windows8 (UEFI) is added to the GRUB boot menu.

Related Forum topic

The chainloading will fail on some hardware (Lenovo Ideapad 110) with the "invalid signature" message - the Refind method will still work.

Extras

Using Rufus on Windows to create installation media

Rufus users can use the following settings:

  • Click on the DVD icon and load your .iso
* In the menu left of the DVD icon, select DD Image
* Device: "choose your USB" (Attention: choose correctly,
  the device selected here will be formatted!!!)
* Partition scheme: GPT partition scheme for UEFI computer
* File system: FAT32
* Cluster size: "Don't modify"
* Volume label: "Don't modify"
* Click Start, and you are done (takes 2~5 min to complete).

Feedback

Questions, suggestions, critics? Please post here

External Links

Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36tDZIXn3-k

Retrieved from "https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=UEFI_-_Install_Guide/zh-cn&oldid=41881"
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