اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت (LXQt)

نگاه کلّی

LXQt is a free and open source lightweight Qt desktop environment that was formed from the merger of the LXDE and Razor-qt projects. It is focused on being a classic desktop with a modern look and feel. The official website for LXQt can be accessed here.

نصب

دستورالعمل های نصب اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت را می‌توانید در صفحهٔ نصب محیط های میزکار پیدا کنید.

مدیران پنجره

اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت طراحی شده تا با هر مدیر پنجره‌ای کار کند و خودش یک مدیر پنجره به‌خصوص فراهم نمی‌کند.

کِی‌وین (KWin)

مقالهٔ اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت با کِی‌وین را ببینید

پیکربندی

اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت برنامهٔ lxqt-config (تنظیمات اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت) را برای پیکربندی ارائه می‌دهد.

Global Keyboard Shortcuts

Global shortcuts can be configured by the lxqt-config-globalkeyshortcuts application (LXQt settings -> Global Shortcuts):

   <Screenshot TBD>

warning

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Mapping the Super_L/Super_R keys (<Meta> without a second key) can lead to unexpected behaviour and is not recommended!

note

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Some window manager (kwin, openbox, etc.) specific shortcuts are not configurable by LXQt (e.g. "Alt+Tab" for the task switcher). Those are configured by the window manager.

قالب‌بندی

In can take a few steps to get everything matching on LXQt since it is a collection of things. There are a few different things that are separately themed:

• GTK2/GTK3
• QT
• Openbox
• LXQt panels

کوانتوم (Kvantum)

Using Kvantum is a good way to get a matching qt5 and openbox theme with a modern look

To install Kvantum and set a theme that matches your preferences follow the instructions here.

After saving the settings in Kvantum Manager, open the "LXQt Configuration Center" and select "Appearance". Set the "Qt Style" on the "Widgets Style" tab to Kvantum.

Tip

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Using a Kvantum theme that has a matching GTK theme will give everything a uniform look

Window Theming

The window title bars are drawn onto your screen by the window manager you use. The default window manager of LXQt is Openbox.

To configure OpenBox, open the "LXQt Configuration Center" and select "Openbox Settings". Then select the same theme you choose in Kvantum.

GTK Theming

اکنون اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت راهی ساده به منظور تنظیم زمینه‌ها برای برنامه‌های جی‌تی‌کی۲ و جی‌تی‌کی۳ ارائه می‌دهد.

Open the "LXQt Configuration Center" and select "Appearance". On the "Widget Style" there are dropdowns to select the GTK styles.

Panel Theming

Panel theming is available via the LXQt Configuration Center --> LXQt Appearance --> LXQt Theme

Change Mouse Cursor

Mouse cursor theming is available via the LXQt Configuration Center --> LXQt Appearance --> Cursor.

Adwaita is the default mouse cursor theme in LXQt. Other mouse cursor themes can be downloaded. Example of a mouse cursor theme:

sudo pacman -S xcursor-menda

Change Icon Theme

The icon theme can be changed via LXQt Configuration Center --> LXQt Appearance --> Icon Theme

The default icon theme of LXQt is oxygen-icons. It is a relatively large download, but pretty complete.

Change Icons of Applications and System Settings

The path of icons is saved in .desktop files. For each application you can find their corresponding .desktop files in one of these two locations:

/usr/share/applications/

~/.local/share/applications/

Note that all folder names beginning with a dot are hidden folders. You need to make them visible by clicking View --> Show Hidden in your PcManFM-Qt File Browser. The ~ directory is your home folder.

Open a .desktop file with a text editor with root privileges and look for the following line:

Icon=

Insert the path to the icon you want to use after the = symbol. A lot of system icons can be found in this location:

/usr/share/icons/

Example:

If you want to use a flag icon, use this line in the .desktop file:

Icon=/usr/share/icons/gnome/48x48/apps/locale.png

Create Custom Icon on Panel

Right click on your panel and choose "Add panel widget". Then add a Quick Launch / Starter widget. A text will appear on your panel.

You can drag and drop any icon (from your start menu / mainmenu or your custom icon file) there in order to create a Quick Launch / Starter icon in your panel. You can even drop multiple icons / icon files on one Quick Launch / Starter widget.

But if you want your custom icon in your panel, you must first create your own .desktop file (please keep reading).

Example:

For demonstration purposes, let's create a custom icon, which will shut down our computer when clicked:

First, let's create a new file (e.g. in your home directory or any other directory you want): Right click and choose "Create New" --> "Blank File". Name the file ShutDown.desktop. You can choose any name you want, but the .desktop in the end is important.

Next, edit this file with a text editor. It's file content is supposed to look like:

[Desktop Entry]

Type=Application
Name=ShutDown
Comment=Shut down my computer
Exec=poweroff
Icon=/usr/share/icons/Menda-Circle/actions/scalable/bottom.svg

• Name= is the name of the icon
• Comment= gets shown when you hover with your mouse cursor over the icon
• Exec= defines the terminal command, which is executed when the icon is clicked
• Icon= specifies the path to the icon

Finally, you can drag and drop your custom icon file onto a Quick Launch / Starter widget in your panel (as described in the beginning of this chapter) to create your custom panel icon.

Create Custom Icon in Start Menu / Mainmenu

Read the previous chapter of this Wiki tutorial in order to get familiar with the content of .desktop files.

Now, a custom .desktop files needs to get created (as root) in this location:

/usr/share/applications/

Please look at other .desktop files as examples for the .desktop file content: All have a category specified, e.g.

Categories=Qt;KDE;Settings;

This setting is important for the Start Menu / Mainmenu category this custom icons appears in. Use it.

Another important line in the .desktop file is:

OnlyShowIn=LXQt;

If this is set to another desktop environment, set it to LXQt or delete this line entirely in order to see this custom icon in your Start Menu / Mainmenu.

Change Order of Icons on Panel

You can click the right mouse button on top of a panel element in order to move it. Alternatively, you can move panel elements by holding CTRL+Left Mouse and draging the element. These methods work for all panel elements, except Quick Launch / Starter elements with added icons.

Quick Launch / Starter elements have "Move Left" and "Move Right" as right click options, which do enable you to freely move it. Just click the "Remove from quicklaunch" in order to remove the icon from the Quick Launch Widget.

Now, you can move the Quick Launch Widget like all other panel elements. After you have moved the Quick Launch Widget to the desired position on your panel, follow this tutorial to add your icon again.

Change Icon of Start Menu / Mainmenu

This Icon can be changed by opening the following folder with root privileges:

/usr/share/lxqt/themes/<theme name>/

Replace <theme name> with the name of the theme you are currently using. The name of your current theme can be found in System Settings>LXQT Configuration Center>LXQtAppearance>LXQt Theme. The Start Menu icon will only get changed for <theme name>. All other themes still use the default icon!

In this folder, you find a mainmenu.png file. It is the icon of your Start Menu (called "Mainmenu" in LXQt). Replace this file with the icon file you want to use. Rename your icon file to the same name.

Great icons can be found in this thread: https://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=15613.0

In order to see the changes logout and log in again. If you want to see the changes immediately run the following commands:

killall lxqt-panel
lxqt-panel

جستار های وابسته

• شما می‌توانید صفحه‌های بیشتری دربارهٔ اِل‌ایکس‌کیوت را اینجا در ویکی مانجارو پیدا کنید.