Difference between revisions of "Manjaro Kernels"
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The first Linux kernel was originally developed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds Linus Torvalds], the creator of Linux. It is now an open-source project containing millions of lines of code generated by thousands of programmers. However, Linus Torvalds still has the final authority on their development and release. | The first Linux kernel was originally developed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds Linus Torvalds], the creator of Linux. It is now an open-source project containing millions of lines of code generated by thousands of programmers. However, Linus Torvalds still has the final authority on their development and release. | ||
= GUI Tool = | = GUI Tool = | ||
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The newest installed Kernel will be booted by default, but to run other kernels that are installed, see [[Manjaro_Kernels#Selecting_Kernels|Selecting Kernels]] section below. | The newest installed Kernel will be booted by default, but to run other kernels that are installed, see [[Manjaro_Kernels#Selecting_Kernels|Selecting Kernels]] section below. | ||
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= Terminal Commands = | = Terminal Commands = | ||
Instead of using the [[Manjaro Settings Manager]] GUI to identify, choose, add, and remove kernels everything can be achieved from a terminal as well. | Instead of using the [[Manjaro Settings Manager]] GUI to identify, choose, add, and remove kernels everything can be achieved from a terminal as well. | ||
== Identifying the Kernel Being Used == | == Identifying the Kernel Being Used == | ||
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* The 1 indicates the revision of the Manjaro package | * The 1 indicates the revision of the Manjaro package | ||
* MANJARO indicates the specific distribution it is used for | * MANJARO indicates the specific distribution it is used for | ||
== Adding New Kernels == | == Adding New Kernels == | ||
{{tip| '''mhwd-kernel will automatically update a newly installed kernel with any modules currently used in your existing kernel'''. For example, if you were to update from kernel | {{tip| '''mhwd-kernel will automatically update a newly installed kernel with any modules currently used in your existing kernel'''. For example, if you were to update from kernel 4.14 to 4.19, mhwd-kernel would automatically update 4.19 with any and all modules present in 4.14. How about that!}} | ||
Manjaro not only supports the use of ''multiple'' kernels (selectable from the boot screen), but allows easy access to the '''very latest ''bleeding edge''''' kernels as well. This is undertaken through use of Manjaro's own ''MHWD-kernel'' (Manjaro Hard-Ware Detection) command. The syntax of the command is as follows: | Manjaro not only supports the use of ''multiple'' kernels (selectable from the boot screen), but allows easy access to the '''very latest ''bleeding edge''''' kernels as well. This is undertaken through use of Manjaro's own ''MHWD-kernel'' (Manjaro Hard-Ware Detection) command. The syntax of the command is as follows: | ||
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When listing a new kernel to be installed in the command, it is not necessary to write the entire version number. For example, any version of Kernel | When listing a new kernel to be installed in the command, it is not necessary to write the entire version number. For example, any version of Kernel 4.19 can be listed simply as 'linux419', and any version of Kernel 4.14 can be listed as 'linux414', and so on. | ||
The optional '''rmc''' ('''<u>r</u>'''e'''<u>m</u>'''ove '''<u>c</u>'''urrent) component is of vital importance. Using this will result in your existing kernel being deleted upon the installation of the new kernel. Otherwise, if it is not used, then the existing kernel will be kept, and will be selectable alongside the new kernel at the boot screen. '''It is recommended - especially if updating to the latest bleeding edge kernel - to keep your old one, even if only for a short time afterwards'''. This the safer option, and the old kernel can be easily removed when satisfied with the stability and functionality of the new one. | The optional '''rmc''' ('''<u>r</u>'''e'''<u>m</u>'''ove '''<u>c</u>'''urrent) component is of vital importance. Using this will result in your existing kernel being deleted upon the installation of the new kernel. Otherwise, if it is not used, then the existing kernel will be kept, and will be selectable alongside the new kernel at the boot screen. '''It is recommended - especially if updating to the latest bleeding edge kernel - to keep your old one, even if only for a short time afterwards'''. This the safer option, and the old kernel can be easily removed when satisfied with the stability and functionality of the new one. | ||
As an example, once the terminal is opened, the following command will install a new kernel ( | As an example, once the terminal is opened, the following command will install a new kernel (4.19) '''without deleting the existing kernel currently being used''': | ||
sudo mhwd-kernel -i | sudo mhwd-kernel -i linux419 | ||
Otherwise, the following command will install a new kernel (3.13) to replace the existing kernel, '''which will be deleted''': | Otherwise, the following command will install a new kernel (3.13) to replace the existing kernel, '''which will be deleted''': | ||
sudo mhwd-kernel -i | sudo mhwd-kernel -i linux419 '''rmc''' | ||
Either way, Manjaro will automatically configure the new kernel for you, ready for immediate use. Once completed, close the terminal and re-boot the system for the change to take effect. | Either way, Manjaro will automatically configure the new kernel for you, ready for immediate use. Once completed, close the terminal and re-boot the system for the change to take effect. | ||
== Removing Kernels == | == Removing Kernels == | ||
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Here is an example for removing kernel | Here is an example for removing kernel 5.0.17-1 | ||
sudo mhwd-kernel -r | sudo mhwd-kernel -r linux50 | ||
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For example, to delete the headers of kernel version | For example, to delete the headers of kernel version 5.0.x from the system, the following command would be entered: | ||
sudo pacman -R | sudo pacman -R linux50-headers | ||
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For example, to delete the extra modules of kernel version | For example, to delete the extra modules of kernel version 5.0.x from the system, the following command would be entered: | ||
sudo pacman -R | sudo pacman -R linux50-extramodules | ||
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For example, to completely remove all elements of kernel version | For example, to completely remove all elements of kernel version 5.0.x, the following command would be entered: | ||
sudo pacman -R | sudo pacman -R linux50 linux50-headers linux50-extramodules | ||
Please note however, that attempting to delete multiple elements at once if they are not present on your system will result in an error message before the operation itself is aborted. It is also worthwhile noting if Manjaro is being run in a virtual machine (e.g. Oracle Virtualbox), you may not be able to delete certain kernels if they contain elements important to the virtualisation process itself. | Please note however, that attempting to delete multiple elements at once if they are not present on your system will result in an error message before the operation itself is aborted. It is also worthwhile noting if Manjaro is being run in a virtual machine (e.g. Oracle Virtualbox), you may not be able to delete certain kernels if they contain elements important to the virtualisation process itself. | ||
== Don't forget the mhwd-kernel -h command == | == Don't forget the mhwd-kernel -h command == | ||
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=See also= | =See also= | ||
[https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Mhwd-kern.sh MHWD-kern - a lightweight kernel wizard] | [https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Mhwd-kern.sh MHWD-kern - a lightweight kernel wizard] | ||
[[Category:Contents Page]] | [[Category:Contents Page]] | ||