Difference between revisions of "Arch User Repository/zh-cn"
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{{UserCmd|command=pamac install base-devel git}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac install base-devel git}} | ||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
===Using commandline [[Pamac]]=== | ===Using commandline [[Pamac]]=== | ||
{{Important|It is '''strongly''' recommended to follow this link [https://aur.archlinux.org/ AUR website] and examine the relevant page(s) for any and all software intended to be installed.}} | {{Important|It is '''strongly''' recommended to follow this link [https://aur.archlinux.org/ AUR website] and examine the relevant page(s) for any and all software intended to be installed.}} | ||
These pages contain comments from both existing users and package developers, which may provide valuable information (such as, warnings and/or solutions to problems). To search for and install software packages from the AUR, the syntax is: | These pages contain comments from both existing users and package developers, which may provide valuable information (such as, warnings and/or solutions to problems). To search for and install software packages from the AUR, the syntax is: | ||
{{UserCmd|command=pamac search -a [software package name]}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac search -a [software package name]}} | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
For example, if wishing to install ''Google Chrome'' - first follow this link to '''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?K=google-chrome all Google Chrome build scripts]''' and verify which package you want to build.Or you can ask pamac - for ''Google Chrome'' candidates. Just use the search command and ''Google Chrome'' as the query. Look over the results or narrow the search parameters - just remember pamac cannot tell you of any issues with build scripts - only the relevant page. E.g. following this link to the '''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/google-chrome buildscript for Google Chrome]''' | For example, if wishing to install ''Google Chrome'' - first follow this link to '''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?K=google-chrome all Google Chrome build scripts]''' and verify which package you want to build.Or you can ask pamac - for ''Google Chrome'' candidates. Just use the search command and ''Google Chrome'' as the query. Look over the results or narrow the search parameters - just remember pamac cannot tell you of any issues with build scripts - only the relevant page. E.g. following this link to the '''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/google-chrome buildscript for Google Chrome]''' | ||
{{UserCmd|command=pamac search Google Chrome}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac search Google Chrome}} | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
In the example we choose the standard version of ''Google Chrome''. To build the ''google-chrome'' package with '''pamac''' enter the following and press enter | In the example we choose the standard version of ''Google Chrome''. To build the ''google-chrome'' package with '''pamac''' enter the following and press enter | ||
{{UserCmd|command=pamac build google-chrome}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac build google-chrome}} | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
You will be presented with the outcome of the chosen build with all dependencies and you will be asked a couple of questions. | You will be presented with the outcome of the chosen build with all dependencies and you will be asked a couple of questions. | ||
# Query to edit build files. This is a precaution to verify that the build scripts does not contain malicious actions. | # Query to edit build files. This is a precaution to verify that the build scripts does not contain malicious actions. | ||
# Query to continue download and install dependencies then download the sources, build and install the app. | # Query to continue download and install dependencies then download the sources, build and install the app. | ||
# You will be asked for your password before anything happens. | # You will be asked for your password before anything happens. | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
===Using GUI [[Octopi]]=== | ===Using GUI [[Octopi]]=== | ||
See [[Octopi#Accessing_the_AUR|this guide]] for enabling AUR support in Octopi. | See [[Octopi#Accessing_the_AUR|this guide]] for enabling AUR support in Octopi. | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
===Installing from the AUR by hand=== | ===Installing from the AUR by hand=== | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
====Manual==== | ====Manual==== | ||
To do that follow the steps given below: | To do that follow the steps given below: | ||
* Be sure you have the necessary files for building applications from source | * Be sure you have the necessary files for building applications from source | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
{{UserCmd|command=pamac install base-devel git}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac install base-devel git}} | ||
* Clone the PKGBUILD | * Clone the PKGBUILD | ||
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{{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -U google-chrome-ver.rel.bugfix.build-pkgrel.pkg.zst}} | {{UserCmd|command=sudo pacman -U google-chrome-ver.rel.bugfix.build-pkgrel.pkg.zst}} | ||
And you've done it...the safest way to install from the AUR. This is essentially what most install scripts do for you. | And you've done it...the safest way to install from the AUR. This is essentially what most install scripts do for you. | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
''Note:'' Instead of using ''sudo pacman -U google-chrome-ver.rel.bugfix.build-pkgrel.pkg.zst'' can also use: | ''Note:'' Instead of using ''sudo pacman -U google-chrome-ver.rel.bugfix.build-pkgrel.pkg.zst'' can also use: | ||
{{UserCmd|command=makepkg -i}} | {{UserCmd|command=makepkg -i}} | ||
''Note:'' To combine above steps into one: | ''Note:'' To combine above steps into one: | ||
{{UserCmd|command=makepkg -is}} | {{UserCmd|command=makepkg -is}} | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
===Upgrading the packages installed from the AUR=== | ===Upgrading the packages installed from the AUR=== | ||
The following command will upgrade '''all''' packages on the system including AUR builds | The following command will upgrade '''all''' packages on the system including AUR builds | ||
{{UserCmd|command=pamac upgrade -a}} | {{UserCmd|command=pamac upgrade -a}} | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [https://forum.manjaro.org/t/need-to-know-about-manjaro-and-aur/103617 Need to know about Manjaro and AUR] | |||
* [http://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Pacman Pacman] | * [http://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Pacman Pacman] | ||
</div> | |||
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | |||
[[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]] | [[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]] | ||
[[Category:Software Management{{#translation:}}]] | [[Category:Software Management{{#translation:}}]] | ||
</div> | |||
Latest revision as of 10:11, 11 January 2023
概述
尽管 Manjaro 和Arch Linux 很像，并且 Manjaro 就基于它，但在 Manjaro 中访问他们的官方仓库以供使用是不可能的。Manjaro会使用自己的仓库以保证任何软件包都是可访问的且经过实验确保稳定的，例如系统更新和应用程序。但从 Arch 用户软件仓库（AUR）安装更多的软件包是可能的。
AUR是由 Arch Linux 用户社区管理的。尽管这个仓库是非官方的，但如果仓库中的软件包足够受欢迎，那么最终是可以进入 Arch Linux 的官方 community 库的。
AUR作为社区维护的仓库，存在潜在的风险和问题。
使用 AUR 软件包可能会出现的问题：
- 同一个软件包会有两个版本
- 软件包会过时
- 软件包无法使用或只有部分功能可用
- 错误配置的软件包会下载不必要的依赖，或不下载必要的依赖（两种可能同时出现）
- 遇到恶意的软件包（尽管很罕见）。
因此，尽管 AUR 提供的许多软件包都应该可以工作，但不要期望安装过程总是像使用 Manjaro 官方仓库时那样简单。
有些时候，自己可能需要识别并安装依赖（例如安装中断后）。
同样，也不能保证任何已安装的软件都能正常工作（如果你已经安装了的话）。
访问 AUR
使用带有 GUI 的 Pamac
打开 Pamac ——在启动器中的名字叫做“添加/删除软件”——然后转到首选项页面。您需要输入密码以访问。选择第三方选项卡，然后打开 AUR 支持。请确保你有必要的程序从源代码编译应用程序
Using commandline Pamac
These pages contain comments from both existing users and package developers, which may provide valuable information (such as, warnings and/or solutions to problems). To search for and install software packages from the AUR, the syntax is:
For example, if wishing to install Google Chrome - first follow this link to all Google Chrome build scripts and verify which package you want to build.Or you can ask pamac - for Google Chrome candidates. Just use the search command and Google Chrome as the query. Look over the results or narrow the search parameters - just remember pamac cannot tell you of any issues with build scripts - only the relevant page. E.g. following this link to the buildscript for Google Chrome
In the example we choose the standard version of Google Chrome. To build the google-chrome package with pamac enter the following and press enter
You will be presented with the outcome of the chosen build with all dependencies and you will be asked a couple of questions.
- Query to edit build files. This is a precaution to verify that the build scripts does not contain malicious actions.
- Query to continue download and install dependencies then download the sources, build and install the app.
- You will be asked for your password before anything happens.
Using GUI Octopi
See this guide for enabling AUR support in Octopi.
Installing from the AUR by hand
Manual
To do that follow the steps given below:
- Be sure you have the necessary files for building applications from source
- Clone the PKGBUILD
- Change directory to cloned folder
- To make/compile the package, run:
This will build the package and pull in any dependencies needed. Note: it won't pull a dependency from the AUR, only from the Manjaro Repos.. If you list the folder content
you'll probably find a few new files. You're interested in the one that ends with .pkg.tar.zst
- The final event is running $sudo pacman -U on that file
And you've done it...the safest way to install from the AUR. This is essentially what most install scripts do for you.
Note: Instead of using sudo pacman -U google-chrome-ver.rel.bugfix.build-pkgrel.pkg.zst can also use:
Note: To combine above steps into one:
Upgrading the packages installed from the AUR
The following command will upgrade all packages on the system including AUR builds