Difference between revisions of "Manjaro:A Different Kind of Beast/zh-cn"

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简介

尽管 Manjaro 是基于 Arch 开发的 Linux 系统，可以兼容 Arch 分支，但它并不是 Arch。严格来讲，Manjaro 绝不只是某个易于安装或已预先配置的 Arch 版本，更是一个特立独行的 Linux 发行版。

事实上，Manjaro 与 Arch 的差异，要远远大于流行的 Ubuntu 发行版与 Ubuntu 的许多其他的衍生发行版之间的差异，这也包括 Mint 和 Zorin 在内。为了更清楚的了解 Manjaro，简单概括了它的一些主要特点。

Manjaro 基于 Arch 独立开发，由完全不同的团队制作。
Manjaro 旨在方便 Linux 的新手使用，Arch 面向更为熟练的老用户。
Manjaro 从独有的仓库中获取软件，这些仓库里也包含着 Arch 所未提供的软件包。
Manjaro 提供其发行的特定工具，例如 Manjaro 硬件检测（mhwd）和 Manjaro 设置管理器（msm）。
Manjaro 与 Arch 相比，在操作方式上有许多细微的差异。

以下内容具体说明了这些差异。

Manjaro kernel management

Warning

It is important to know the kernel definitions. The Linux kernel project uses three definitions

Mainline (Development)
Stable (Mainline which have passed rc7/rc8)
Long Term Support (LTS)

Linux Kernel project release

When reading Manjaro documentation either on this Wiki or the forum you will often see an expression such as latest stable or latest LTS and those are the terms used by the upstream project.

A stable kernel is NOT LTS - a subtle but very important difference.

When a Manjaro ISO is released it contains the latest Long Term Support (LTS) as defined by upstream kernel project. This practise makes it possible to install Manjaro and keep it running using the LTS kernel - if not for ever - then for a very long time.

The latest and greatest hardware may have poor or non existing support using the LTS kernel. Such hardware will require you to use what is referenced as the stable kernel.

The stable kernel goes End Of Life (EOL) when the next mainline becomes stable which happens roughly every 2 months. If you are using the stable kernel - not LTS - you will have to ensure you are syncing the next stable kernel.

A stable kernel on Manjaro is never synced to the next stable kernel like you may be used to with an Arch Linux install.

If you neglect you are running an EOL kernel you will get various driver issues - most prominently Nvidia drivers - when the EOL kernel is removed from the repo. Such issues is not a Manjaro fault but a fault of the system admin who neglected proper system maintenance.

专属仓库

便于使用的专属工具

Manjaro 与 Arch 和其他基于 Arch 的发行版不同的另一个特点是它专注于简化一般系统维护的工具。这不仅仅局限于提供简单的图形安装程序和预配置桌面环境的范围。 Manjaro 还提供一系列由 Manjaro 团队独家开发的强大工具。

Manjaro 硬件检测

Manjaro 内核检测

Manjaro 设置管理器

Pamac 软件包管理器

结论

另见

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{SectionTemplate|简介|
-虽然 Manjaro 是基于 Arch 开发，并且能够兼容 Arch，可是，'''它并不是 Arch'''。严格来讲，Manjaro 绝不仅是某个易于安装或已预先配置的 Arch 版本，而更是一只特立独行的“猛兽”。
+尽管 Manjaro 是基于 Arch 开发的 Linux 系统，可以兼容 Arch 分支，'''但它并不是 Arch'''。严格来讲，Manjaro 绝不只是某个易于安装或已预先配置的 Arch 版本，更是一个特立独行的 Linux 发行版。
-In fact, the differences between Manjaro and Arch are far greater than the differences between the popular Ubuntu distribution and its many derivatives, including Mint and Zorin. To help provide a clearer understanding of Manjaro, a few of its main features have been outlined.
+事实上，Manjaro 与 Arch 的差异，要远远大于流行的 Ubuntu 发行版与 Ubuntu 的许多其他的衍生发行版之间的差异，这也包括 Mint 和 Zorin 在内。为了更清楚的了解 Manjaro，简单概括了它的一些主要特点。
-* '''Manjaro''' 是基于 Arch 独立开发的，由完全不同的团队制作。
+* '''Manjaro''' 基于 Arch 独立开发，由完全不同的团队制作。
-* '''Manjaro''' 是为新手简易设计的，而 Arch 针对则是熟练的老用户。
+* '''Manjaro''' 旨在方便 Linux 的新手使用，Arch 面向更为熟练的老用户。
-* '''Manjaro''' 从独有的仓库中获取软件，这些仓库里也包含着不由 Arch 提供的软件包。
+* '''Manjaro''' 从独有的仓库中获取软件，这些仓库里也包含着 Arch 所未提供的软件包。
 * '''Manjaro''' 提供其发行的特定工具，例如 Manjaro 硬件检测（mhwd）和 Manjaro 设置管理器（msm）。
 * '''Manjaro''' 与 Arch 相比，在操作方式上有许多细微的差异。
-A more detailed outline of these differences has been provided below.
+以下内容具体说明了这些差异。
 |Manjaro.png}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Dedicated Repositories|
+{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro kernel management|
-{{Important|An important benefit from Manjaro's use of its own repositories is that the developers will automatically implement critical updates on your behalf, and there will therefore be no need for you to intervene manually.}}
+{{Warning|It is important to know the kernel definitions. The Linux kernel project uses three definitions
-To ensure continued stability and reliability, Manjaro utilises its own dedicated software repositories. With the exception of the community-maintained Arch User Repository (AUR), Manjaro systems do not access the official Arch repositories.
+<ol>
+<li>Mainline (Development)</li>
+<li>Stable (Mainline which have passed rc7/rc8)</li>
+<li>Long Term Support (LTS)</li>
+</ol>
+[https://kernel.org/category/releases.html Linux Kernel project release]
+}}
-===Manjaro package repository===
+When reading Manjaro documentation either on this Wiki or the forum you will often see an expression such as '''latest stable''' or '''latest LTS''' and those are the terms used by the upstream project.
-====Stable branch====
-Stable branch is snapped from '''testing''' approximately two weeks after the sync from Arch stable repositories. The packages on stable branch are the default repositories used by Manjaro systems to provide updates and downloads to the general user base.
+A '''stable''' kernel is '''NOT LTS''' - a subtle but very important difference.
-====Testing branch====
+When a Manjaro ISO is released it contains the latest Long Term Support (LTS) as defined by upstream kernel project. This practise makes it possible to install Manjaro and keep it running using the LTS kernel - if not for ever - then for a very long time.
+The latest and greatest hardware may have poor or non existing support using the LTS kernel. Such hardware will require you to use what is referenced as the '''stable''' kernel.
+The stable kernel goes End Of Life (EOL) when the next mainline becomes stable which happens roughly every 2 months. If you are using the '''stable''' kernel - not LTS - you will have to ensure you are syncing the next stable kernel.
+'''A stable kernel on Manjaro is never synced to the next stable kernel like you may be used to with an Arch Linux install'''.
+If you neglect you are running an EOL kernel you will get various driver issues - most prominently Nvidia drivers - when the EOL kernel is removed from the repo. Such issues is not a Manjaro fault but a fault of the system admin who neglected proper system maintenance.
+}}
+{{SectionTemplate|专属仓库|
+{{Important|Manjaro 使用独立软件仓库，开发者将持续推进关键更新，因此您无需手动干预。此举可以显著减少用户使用系统管理软件时投入的时间成本。}}
+为了持续确保系统软件的稳定性和可靠性，Manjaro 使用自己专属的软件仓库。除了社区维护的 Arch 用户存储库 (AUR)，Manjaro 系统不采用 Arch 官方的仓库。
+<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
+===Manjaro 软件包仓库===
+====稳定分支（Stable）====
+Stable branch is snapped from '''testing''' approximately two weeks after the sync from Arch stable repositories. 稳定分支上的包是 Manjaro 系统使用的默认存储库，用于为一般用户群提供更新和下载。
+====测试分支（Testing）====
 Testing branch is snapped from '''unstable''' at irregular intervals - but usually shortly after the syncronization from Arch stable. This branch is used as a testing area for packages build by Manjaro developers such as kernels, kernel modules, nvidia graphics, software patches, Manjaro inhouse applications. The package may be subject to further checks by developers and testers for potential bugs and/or stability issues, prior to being released to the '''stable''' branch. Testing branch is for the knowledgeable user looking for a way to contribute to keep Manjaro running at it's best.
-====Unstable branch====
+====不稳定分支（Unstable）====
 Unstable branch is synced several times daily from Arch stable and the packages from Arch repo is generally considered stable as they have been vetted by the Archlinux QA and the Archlinux community. Manjaro maintainers build kernels, kernel modules and nvidia graphic drivers from kernel source. This branch is also the entry point for Manjaro's inhouse applications. The latest available versions of software will be located here and <u>using the ''unstable branch'' may cause issues on your system</u> but you are proficient, motivated and have no problem solving minor isssues on your own.
-====Not as bleeding edge as Arch====
+====没有 Arch 激进（bleeding edge）====
-A consequence of accommodating this testing process is that Manjaro will never be quite as bleeding-edge as Arch. Software may be released to the stable repositories days, weeks, or potentially even months later; however, users who wish to access the very latest releases can still do so by switching to '''testing''' or '''unstable''' branch. Doing so will prove you are knowledgeable and a Manjaro Linux poweruser.
+适应这个测试过程的结果是 Manjaro 永远不会像 Arch 那样激进。一个软件可能会在几天、几周甚至几个月后发布到稳定的存储库；但是，希望访问最新版本的用户仍然可以通过切换到'''测试'''或'''不稳定'''分支来访问。这样做将证明您知识渊博并且是 Manjaro Linux 高级用户。
+</div>
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Exclusive User-Friendly Tools|
+{{SectionTemplate|便于使用的专属工具|
-Another feature that sets Manjaro apart from Arch and other Arch-based distributions is its focus on tools to ease the general system maintenance. This extends far beyond just providing an easy graphical installer and pre-configured desktop environments. Manjaro also provides a range of powerful tools developed exclusively by the Manjaro Team.
+Manjaro 与 Arch 和其他基于 Arch 的发行版不同的另一个特点是它专注于简化一般系统维护的工具。这不仅仅局限于提供简单的图形安装程序和预配置桌面环境的范围。 Manjaro 还提供一系列由 Manjaro 团队独家开发的强大工具。
-{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro Hardware Detection|
+{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro 硬件检测|
-[[file:mhwd2.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro Hardware Detection (mhwd)'''
+[[file:mhwd2.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro 硬件检测（mhwd）'''
-The '''mhwd''' command enables the automatic detection and configuration of your hardware for you, usually undertaken during the installation process. This includes support for hybrid graphics cards, as well as setting everything up such as module dependencies for Virtualbox virtual machine installations; however, it can also be used by users with limited technical knowledge to easily undertake this task for themselves.
+"mhwd" 指令可以自动为您检测并配置您的硬件，这一般会在安装过程中完成。这包括对多显卡的支持，就像 Virtualbox 在创建虚拟机一样将各个依赖模块设置好；但是，这也可以轻松地被拥有有限技术知识的用户自行完成
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 A '''[[Configure_Graphics_Cards|guide on how to manually configure graphics cards]]''' has been provided.
+</div>
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro Kernel Detection|
+{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro 内核检测|
-[[file:Screenshot_mhwd-kernel.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro Hardware Detection Kernel (mhwd-kernel)'''
+[[file:Screenshot_mhwd-kernel.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro 硬件检测 - 内核（mhwd-kernel）'''
-While automatic support for the use of multiple kernels is a defining feature of Manjaro, the '''mhwd-kernel''' command also empowers users with no technical knowledge to easily manage them as well. This includes automatically updating any newly installed kernels with any modules being used, such as those required to run Manjaro within Virtualbox.
+自动化的多内核支持是 Manjaro 的一项优点，"mhwd-kernel" 指令亦可帮助没有技术知识的用户自行管理内核 (kernel)，这包括自动化地利用被调用的模块更新新安装的内核，例如需要在 Virtualbox 中运行 Manjaro 的用户
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 A '''[[Manjaro_Kernels|guide on how to manage kernels]]''' has been provided.
+</div>
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro Settings Manager|
+{{SectionTemplate|Manjaro 设置管理器|
-[[File:Screenshot_msm.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro Settings Manager (msm)'''
+[[File:Screenshot_msm.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Manjaro 设置管理器（msm）'''
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 This user-friendly application allows you to quickly and easily manage user accounts, install new language packs, and even switch your system's default language and keyboard layout on-the-fly. '''msm''' will also automatically notify you of any updates available for installed language packs, too.
+</div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 Recently new features were added such as easy ways to choose and install between multiple kernels and drivers for your graphics card.
+</div>
-Please look here for more detailed explanations about [[Manjaro Settings Manager|Manjaro Settings Manager]].
+此处可以查看关于[[Special:MyLanguage/Manjaro Settings Manager|Manjaro 设置管理器]]的详细信息。
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Pamac Package Manager|
+{{SectionTemplate|Pamac 软件包管理器|
-[[file:Screenshot_pamac.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Pamac - The Graphical Software Manager'''
+[[file:Screenshot_pamac.png|thumb|left|375px]] '''Pamac - 图形界面软件管理器'''
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 Exclusively developed by the Manjaro Team, this intuitive application allows you to easily search for, install, remove, and update software applications and packages. '''pamac''' will also automatically notify you of any updates; keep your system up-to-date with just a single click!
+</div>
-There are more detailed explanations available for [[Pamac|Pamac Package Manager]].
+这里有更多关于[[Special:MyLanguage/Pamac|Pamac 软件包管理器]]的详细解释。
 |}}
@@ Line 63: / Line 101: @@
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|Conclusion|
+{{SectionTemplate|结论|
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 Manjaro is definitely a beast, but a very different kind of beast than Arch. '''Fast, powerful, and always up to date''', Manjaro provides all the benefits of an Arch operating system, but with an especial emphasis on '''stability, user-friendliness and accessibility''' for newcomers and experienced users alike.
+</div>
-Any enquires about the Manjaro operating system should therefore be directed towards the '''[[Manjaro Forums|Manjaro Forum]]''' or '''[https://t.me/manjaro_official Manjaro Telegram]''' in order to receive the best help and support possible. '''All are welcome!'''
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+Any enquires about the Manjaro operating system should therefore be directed towards the '''[[Manjaro Forums|Manjaro Forum]]''' in order to receive the best help and support possible. '''All are welcome!'''
+</div>
 |}}
-{{SectionTemplate|See Also|
+{{SectionTemplate|另见|
-* [[About Manjaro|About Manjaro]]
+* [[Special:MyLanguage/About Manjaro|关于 Manjaro]]
-* [[Manjaro FAQ|Manjaro FAQ]]
+* [[Special:MyLanguage/Manjaro FAQ|Manjaro 常见问题解答]]
-* [[The Rolling Release Development Model|The Rolling Release Development Model]]
+* [[Special:MyLanguage/The Rolling Release Development Model|滚动发布模式]]
 |Chmsee-icon.png}}
 [[Category:Contents Page{{#translation:}}]]